A simulation model of the carbon cycle
in land ecosystems (Sim - CYCLE): a description based on dry - matter production theory and plot - scale validation
These variations originate primarily from fluctuations in carbon uptake
by land ecosystems driven by the natural variability of the climate system, rather than by oceans or from changes in the levels of human - made carbon emissions.
Agriculture and forestry services should focus on techniques that can make small farms viable productive units while protecting the integrity and productivity
of land ecosystems.
«We need to be less sure about
what land ecosystems will do and what we expect in the future,» says ecosystem ecologist Peter Reich of the University of Minnesota in St. Paul, who led the study.
The Great Lakes are the world's largest group of freshwater bodies, hosting a large number of species within their waters and on their shores, but also sustaining life over large areas of North - America thanks to their tributaries» impact
on land ecosystems.
«We discovered that the amount of carbon taken up by
land ecosystems slows during periods of rapid warming and speeds up during periods of slower warming.»
Air masses in this area were transported across the expanse of the huge Pacific with the trade winds and for a long time no longer had contact with forests or
other land ecosystems that produce innumerable short - lived hydrocarbons and release them into the air.
semi-arid lands ecosystems that have > 250 mm precipitation per year, but are not highly productive; usually classified as rangelands
Koven and colleagues set out to estimate how much carbon dioxide and methane (which contains carbon) could be released by boreal and
Arctic land ecosystems as a result of climate change.
(Top) Fossil fuel and cement CO2 emissions by category (Bottom) Fossil fuel and cement CO2 emissions, CO2 emissions from net land use change (mainly deforestation), the atmospheric CO2 growth rate, the ocean CO2 sink and the residual land sink which represents the sink of anthropogenic CO2 in
natural land ecosystems.
Consequently, an international team of researchers led by Markus Reichstein, director at the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry in Jena, Germany, investigated the influence of extreme climate events on the carbon cycle
of land ecosystems and if the resulting additional CO2 emissions feedback on climate change.
Existing Earth System Model simulations indicate that the ability of
tropical land ecosystems to store carbon will decline over the 21st century.
Dr. Alex B. Guenther, a renowned scientist
in land ecosystem and atmospheric research, has joined the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to lead research in the interactions between terrestrial systems and climate.
«If we don't rapidly transition off of fossil fuels, the resulting climate catastrophe means mass extinctions, the collapse of ocean and
land ecosystems, and flooding of the world's cities and bread - basket deltas,» Hawkins said.
Volk: Well, yeah, some is going into the ocean, but as you point out, there are mysteries still there about what
the land ecosystems are doing to the CO2.
The research particularly focuses on atmosphere, oceans, sea ice and
land ecosystems.
Another highlight of the Corcovado National Park is to see the unique combination of marine and
land ecosystems.
The mix of modern and luxurious accommodations and intimate excursions into some of the most pristine marine and
land ecosystems in Latin America leaves travelers feeling refreshed and rejuvenated by the trip's end.
The share absorbed by
the land ecosystems varies greatly from year to year, depending on whether there were widespread droughts, for example, or whether it was a good growth year for the forests.
This is a bit misleading: «
The land ecosystems... not add any net CO2 to the atmosphere.
Joseph Bast, who works with the group, highlighted some of the group's conclusions in Forbes: There is little risk of global food insecurity owing to higher levels of CO2, as higher CO2 will greatly aid plant productivity; «No changes in precipitation patterns, snow, monsoons, or river flows that might be considered harmful to human well - being or plants or wildlife have been observed that could be attributed to rising CO2»; and little risk to aquatic or dry -
land ecosystems.
For details on the wide - ranging — and dangerous — effects of warmer air, see the pages on Health, Food, Water Use, Extreme Wet, Extreme Dry and
Land Ecosystems.
However, all the types of human impact suppress the sources and increase sinks of methane to
the land ecosystems.
The research particularly focuses on atmosphere, oceans, sea ice and
land ecosystems.
Our efforts over the last decade have focused on component model development in ocean biogeochemistry (Dunne et al., 2005; 2013) and
land ecosystems (Shevliakova, et al., 2009), and subsequently representing the coupled carbon - climate system through Earth System Modeling and the role of anthrogogenic carbon emissions in the earth system (Dunne et al., 2013).
Unger: Our focus has been on global climate so far, but in future work we'll assess regional climate impacts, as well as other disturbances to the climate system, such as effects on the water supply and
land ecosystems.