This is close to the warming of 1.09 °C (0.86 — 1.31 °C) observed in global mean
land temperatures over the period 1951 — 2010, which, in contrast to China's recorded temperature change, is only weakly affected by urban warming influences.
Not exact matches
Global mean
temperatures averaged
over land and ocean surfaces, from three different estimates, each of which has been independently adjusted for various homogeneity issues, are consistent within uncertainty estimates
over the
period 1901 to 2005 and show similar rates of increase in recent decades.
Animation 1 compares the GISS
land surface air
temperature trends to UAH lower troposphere
temperature trends
over land for the
period of 1979 to 2012.
That
land changes
over this
period may have slightly increased
temperature, and has had regional affects upon climate, and multitude undefined possible effects.
The
temperature at each
land and ocean station is compared daily to what is «normal» for that location and time, typically the long - term average
over a 30 - year
period.
Over the same
period, the globally and annually averaged
land and sea surface
temperature (HadCRUT3) increased by 0.7 °C.
The fact this is seemingly not fully recognized — or here integrated — by Curry goes to the same reason Curry does not recognize why the so called «pause» is a fiction, why the «slowing» of the «rate» of increase in average ambient global
land and ocean surface air
temperatures over a shorter term
period from the larger spike beyond the longer term mean of the 90s is also meaningless in terms of the basic issue, and why the average ambient increase in global air
temperatures over such a short term is by far the least important empirical indicia of the issue.
However,
over long time
periods, the variation of the global average
temperature with CO2 concentration depends on various factors such as the placement of the continents on Earth, the functionality of ocean currents, the past history of the climate, the orientation of the Earth's orbit relative to the Sun, the luminosity of the Sun, the presence of aerosols in the atmosphere, volcanic action,
land clearing, biological evolution, etc..
The
period of increased warming from 1987 to 1997 loosely coincided with the divergence of the global average
temperature anomalies
over land, which are derived from observation station recordings, and the global average anomalies in sea surface
temperatures.
«The combined average
temperature over global
land and ocean surfaces for July 2015 was the highest for July in the 136 - year
period of record, at 0.81 °C (1.46 °F) above the 20th century average of 15.8 °C (60.4 °F), surpassing the previous record set in 1998 by 0.08 °C (0.14 °F).»
It may be a consequence of a
period in which surface air
temperature rose faster
over land than it did
over sea.
Land temperatures themselves are of interest, but as far as I know the only widespread measurements of them have started
over the last decade, a
period too short to do much trend analysis.
Over the oceans as well as on
land, the average global
temperature for the 12 - month
period that began last December was 14.65 ˚C.
See, the first thing to do is do determine what the
temperature trend during the recent thermometer
period (1850 — 2011) actually is, and what patterns or trends represent «data» in those trends (what the earth's
temperature / climate really was during this
period), and what represents random «noise» (day - to - day, year - to - random changes in the «weather» that do NOT represent «climate change»), and what represents experimental error in the plots (UHI increases in the
temperatures, thermometer loss and loss of USSR data, «metadata» «M» (minus) records getting skipped that inflate winter
temperatures, differences in sea records from different measuring techniques, sea records vice
land records, extrapolated
land records
over hundreds of km, surface
temperature errors from lousy stations and lousy maintenance of surface records and stations, false and malicious time - of - observation bias changes in the information.)
For example in the technical summary, it says:» The global combined
land and ocean
temperature data show an increase of about 0.8 °C
over the
period 1901 — 2010 and about 0.5 °C
over the
period 1979 — 2010.
As a result, only 1 out of 7 Global or
Land / Ocean (ie, global less polar regions)
temperature indices shows a negative trend
over that
period (HadCRUT4 -0.002 + / - 0.059 C / decade).
But let's look at the long - term NOAA record of tropospheric specific humidity and compare this with the HadCRUT globally and annually averaged
land and sea surface
temperature anomaly
over the same
period:
This indicates to me that the rate of energy being added to the oceans has not increased
over a longer time
period and that there is thus a discrepancy between
land and ocean
temperature data.
Even rural stations have suffered from
land use
temperature increases
over 150 years and 0.5 degrees of increase would not be recognizable from white noise
over that long of a
period.
Over this 37 - year period, temperature warmed at an average of 0.50 °F (0.28 °C) per decade over land and 0.20 °F (0.11 °C) per decade over the oc
Over this 37 - year
period,
temperature warmed at an average of 0.50 °F (0.28 °C) per decade
over land and 0.20 °F (0.11 °C) per decade over the oc
over land and 0.20 °F (0.11 °C) per decade
over the oc
over the ocean.
June — July — August surface
temperature anomalies
over Northern Hemisphere
land in 1955, 1965, 1975, and 2006 — 2011 relative to 1951 — 1980 base
period in units of the local 1951 — 1980 standard deviation.
Andreas, in the M&M study the dependent variable is the trend is the measured surface
temperature over a given time
period for suitably defined areas of
land surface (i.e. one trend per area).
The globally averaged combined
land and ocean surface
temperature data as calculated by a linear trend show a warming of 0.85 [0.65 to 1.06] °C
over the
period 1880 to 2012