Sentences with phrase «land than over the oceans»

The observed patterns of warming, including greater warming over land than over the ocean, and their changes over time, are only simulated by models that include anthropogenic forcing.

Warming, particularly since the 1970s, has generally been greater over land than over the oceans.

Now if you look at K et al's response incorporating estimated factors from GISS, you see better agreement between HadCRU (amplified) and sats over land than over ocean (and of course globally).

Credit: NASA] The study notes that the world's warming is greatest at high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is larger over land than over ocean areas.

Once Jones, Wigley, and Wright had made several of these kinds of corrections, they analyzed their data using a spatial averaging technique that placed measurements within grid cells on the earth?s surface in order to account for the fact that there were many more measurements taken on land than over the oceans.

As a projected global warming will be more rapid over land than over the oceans, the continental - scale land - sea thermal contrast will become larger in summer and smaller in winter.

Some examples from energy balance model calculations indicate that: (1) solar variability has a near - global response, with the amplitude of response slightly larger over land; (2) volcanism has a proportionately larger amplitude of response over land than over ocean; and (3) the most oft - cited mode of internal variability, changes in the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation, has a hemispheric asymmetry in response.

«A well - known feature of global warming scenarios is the land — sea contrast, with stronger warming over land than over oceans.

Interannual variability of surface temperature is larger in the winter hemisphere than in the summer and larger over land than over ocean (Fig. 2).

Further affirmation of the reality of the warming is its spatial distribution, which has largest values at locations remote from any local human influence, with a global pattern consistent with that expected for response to global climate forcings (larger in the Northern Hemisphere than the Southern Hemisphere, larger at high latitudes than low latitudes, larger over land than over ocean).

Warming, particularly since the 1970s, has generally been greater over land than over the oceans.

Not exact matches

«The footprint of industrial fishing in the ocean is over four times larger than the land area occupied by agriculture.»

They include higher sea surface temperatures over the Indian Ocean, which can lead to greater rainfall over the sea rather than on land.

A glaciologist rather than a biologist, he wanted to investigate a question critical to climate change: Do subglacial rivers and lakes lubricate the movement of ice over land — and might they somehow accelerate a glacier's flow into the ocean, triggering rapid sea level rise?

-- ice a few feet or yards thick, floating over a deep ocean; ice more than a mile thick, over land; or a mainly rocky, mountainous landscape.

Because the vast plateau at such altitudes absorbs a huge amount of solar radiation, the atmospheric layer above it in summer is much warmer than air at similar elevations over lower land or the oceans.

The effect was easier to see over water than land because, in general, the atmosphere above the oceans is relatively low in aerosols — tiny liquid or solid particles that float in the air.

However, for the globe as a whole, surface air temperatures over land have risen at about double the ocean rate after 1979 (more than 0.27 °C per decade vs. 0.13 °C per decade), with the greatest warming during winter (December to February) and spring (March to May) in the Northern Hemisphere.

After over three billion years of evolution in the oceans, multi-cellular life — beginning with green algae, fungi, and plants (liverworts, mosses, ferns, then vascular and flowering plants)-- began adapting to land habitats by creating a new «hypersea,» and adding anomalous shades of green to Earth's coloration more than 472 million years ago (Matt Walker, BBC News, October 12, 2010; and Qiu et al, 1998 — more on the evolution of photosynthetic life and plants on Earth).

The observed fact that temperatures increases slower over the oceans than over land demonstrates that the large heat capacity of the ocean tries to hold back the warming of the air over the ocean and produces a delay at the surface but nevertheless the atmosphere responds quit rapidly to increasing greenhouse gases.

The former is likely to overestimate the true global SAT trend (since the oceans do not warm as fast as the land), while the latter may underestimate the true trend, since the SAT over the ocean is predicted to rise at a slightly higher rate than the SST.

The ocean has a much higher heat capacity than land and thus anomalies tend to vary less over monthly timescales.

The former is likely to overestimate the true global surface air temperature trend (since the oceans do not warm as fast as the land), while the latter may underestimate the true trend, since the air temperature over the ocean is predicted to rise at a slightly higher rate than the ocean temperature.

The abstract includes the statement: «Evidence is presented that the recent worldwide land warming has occurred largely in response to a worldwide warming of the oceans rather than as a direct response to increasing greenhouse gases (GHGs) over land.»

Chris Colose @ 39 — Thanks as always, but I am baffled by your The larger thermal inertia of the ocean is important, but the higher sensitivity over land than in the ocean is also seen in equilibrium simulations when the ocean has had time to «catch up,» so that argument doesn't hold as equilibrium is approached.

Sept 24 Awoke in G - Land this morning to a very solid rumble, a quick walk down the front revealed 8 - 10ft walls of power grinding their way along the whole bay.At times some sets were quite a lot bigger than that, pretty awesome sight to see.An angry ocean probably being a good description with huge amounts of water sweeping down the line.Later in the afternoon a few ventured out to sample some juice.Some nice waves but most were unridden, some of the regular visitors over the years had the better wave selection and skillfully ridden.But still pretty wild.

«Somewhat counter-intuitively, a land — sea surface warming ratio greater than unity during transient climate change is actually not mainly a result of the differing thermal inertias of land and ocean, but primarily originates in the differing properties of the surface and boundary layer (henceforth BL) over land and ocean (Manabe et al. 1991; Sutton et al. 2007; Joshi et al. 2008 (henceforth JGW08), Dong et al. 2009) as well as differing cloud feedbacks (Fasullo 2010; Andrews et al. 2010).»

In the supplementary, Benestad (2018) exhibits data that shows precip area over ocean declining much more than over land.

And given the fact that land warms more quickly than ocean, resulting in areas of low pressure over land, changing patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation are bringing them to the coasts — where so much life's diversity is found.

In terms of the gold that a climate science denier might find in the paper, at the very least, they could argue that the fact that the troposphere isn't warming more quickly than the surface shows that the climate models are unreliable — even though the models predict just the pattern of warming that we see — with the troposphere warming more quickly than the surface over the ocean but less quickly than the surface over land.

Owing to long - range aerosol transport, higher cloud frequency and susceptibility, the cooling over ocean is stronger than over land, resulting in an ocean - to - land ratio of 1.3.

Even at equilibrium though the land response to increased GHGs is expected to be higher than over the ocean.

The former is likely to overestimate the true global surface air temperature trend (since the oceans do not warm as fast as the land), while the latter may underestimate the true trend, since the air temperature over the ocean is predicted to rise at a slightly higher rate than the ocean temperature.

The former is likely to overestimate the true global SAT trend (since the oceans do not warm as fast as the land), while the latter may underestimate the true trend, since the SAT over the ocean is predicted to rise at a slightly higher rate than the SST.

However, over land, where there is not very much moist convection, which is not dominated by the tropics and where one expects surface trends to be greater than for the oceans, there was no amplification at all!

In response to increased trace gases, all replicated the qualitative response seen in other coupled ocean - atmosphere models: greater warming over land than ocean and maximum warming at high northern latitudes in winter.

Longer records now available show significantly faster rates of warming over land than ocean in the past two decades (about 0.27 °C vs. 0.13 °C per decade).

Verify using data collected only over the 1/3 of the planet that is covered with land strikes me as odd, particularly because we expect the land temperatures to rise faster than ocean temperatures.

Surface temperatures over land regions have warmed at a faster rate than over the oceans in both hemispheres.

And air temperatures over exposed land surfaces should warm differently than air temperatures over sea ice, especially when open ocean separates them.

The absolute humidity will be largely set by the oceans, so water vapor and will increase but relative humidity over land will largely decrease, resulting in less precipitation than one would otherwise expect, given Clausius - Clapeyron and a constant residence time.

The amplification is expected to be larger over oceans than land (or even non-existent over land), for at least two reasons:

This was the conclusion of a scientific paper I co-authored last year, in which our team found more overall global warming (of the oceans, air, land, and ice combined) over the past 15 years than during the prior 15 years.

There's less water over land than ocean so look for more warming over land than water.

Given the fact the the bulk of the energy in the TOA imbalance is getting stored in the ocean, yet temperature anomalies over the ocean are less than over the land, for the above stated reasons, the global combined land and ocean (that is, air over the ocean) temperature anomalies actually tend to greatly understate to a the actual effects of the anthropogenic caused TOA anomaly.

So perhaps less than 1 m / s over ocean and so some number closer to 10 m / s occurs over smaller the surface area of land.

lower than average over only a few land and oceanic areas, including the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean, where La Niña conditions predominated.

The temperature rise on land is greater than in the oceans, greatly due to the oceans distribution of heat over the mixed layer thereby reducing the temperature rise.

Urban heat island effects are real but local, and have a negligible influence (less than 0.006 °C per decade over land and zero over the oceans) on these values.

The 10,000 - person republic has a land mass smaller than the District of Columbia, but its government has jurisdiction over a large swath of Pacific Ocean — otherwise known as «blue carbon» for its effectiveness as a carbon capture sink.