Additionally, we hypothesize that children whose caregivers learn how to engage them in high - quality interactions will have better
language outcomes relative to their peers in the control group, measured by standardized assessments, parent - report vocabulary checklist and language - sampling analysis.
And while refugees ultimately — after a period of six to ten years — have higher labor force participation and employment rates, and have similar welfare participation rates,
relative to U.S. - born residents, they often enter the U.S. with low human capital and
language skills and have initially poor labor market
outcomes and high rates of welfare usage.