Sentences with phrase «large amount of carbon as»

Not exact matches

With Arctic temperatures warming twice as fast as the global average, scientists estimate thawing permafrost could release large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere through the end of the century with significant climate impacts.

As plants in and around the lake grow larger and / or proliferate, the amount of organic carbon available when they die and the rate at which they break down in soil increases.

That could explain two other anomalies from the era's geologic record, Lenton says: the large amounts of organic - rich shale that were deposited as nearshore sediments and the unusually high proportion of carbon - 13 isotopes in the rocks.

The authors found that when trees are exposed to drought, not only are climate - stressed trees less likely to take in as much carbon, but when they die, they release large amounts of stored carbon into the atmosphere.

The world's coastal ecosystems — areas such as tidal marshes and mangrove forests — have the potential to store and sequester large amounts of carbon, collectively known as blue carbon.

Salt marshes, such as this one in the Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in East Falmouth, Massachusetts, capture and store large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere every year.

In a seminar, she heard about 55 Cancri e as a potentially carbon - rich planet, so high in temperature and pressure that its interior could contain a large amount of diamond.

And, if it were found in large enough quantities, some experts speculate that it could be used as a clean - burning substitute for fossil fuels today because it gives off high amounts of energy when burned but emits only water, not carbon.

Astronomers predicted that as the gas cooled after the explosion, large amounts of dust would form as atoms of oxygen, carbon, and silicon bonded together in the cold central regions of the remnant.

Helium is second in abundance, and large amounts of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen occur as well.

As humans release ever - larger amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, besides warming the planet, the gas is also turning the world's oceans more acidic — at rates thought to far exceed those seen during past major extinctions of life.

The consensus is that several factors are important: atmospheric composition (the concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane); changes in the Earth's orbit around the Sun known as Milankovitch cycles (and possibly the Sun's orbit around the galaxy); the motion of tectonic plates resulting in changes in the relative location and amount of continental and oceanic crust on the Earth's surface, which could affect wind and ocean currents; variations in solar output; the orbital dynamics of the Earth - Moon system; and the impact of relatively large meteorites, and volcanism including eruptions of supervolcanoes.

Graphene - based materials, prepared from the exfoliation of graphite oxide, are used as a model of interstellar carbon dust as they contain a relatively large amount of atomic defects, either at their edges or on their surface.

Although Solar radiation and lightning (which has been detected by the ESA's Venus Express probe in 2007) should be producing large amounts of carbon monoxide (CO), the gas was found to be scarce, as if something was removing it (such as hydrogenogens, diverse bacteria and archaea that grow anaerobically utilizing CO as their sole carbon source and water as an electron acceptor to produce carbon dioxide and molecular hydrogen as waste products).

The general consensus among scientists is that the young Earth's atmosphere contained much larger quantities of greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide and / or ammonia) than are present today, which trapped enough heat to compensate for the lesser amount of solar energy reaching the planet.

As this will be BMW's flagship luxury car, it will feature the best in driveline components and mixed material construction that will likely include large amounts of carbon fiber.

Which is a good job, given the shortage of high - grade uranium ore, the huge unmanageable risks associated with nuclear plants and nuclear proliferation, the large amounts of embedded carbon in uranium refining and processing (and other GHG emissions from the nuclear industry), and the insanity of developing a huge strategic fuel dependence on countries such as Russia.

Savory's proposal seems dubious but I have seen other studies which show that organic agriculture and reforestation can sequester large amounts of carbon in soils and biomass — and of course they have other benefits as well, for biodiversity and human health.

There is wide agreement among scientists that inadequate funds are going to basic research in such fields as capturing carbon dioxide from smokestacks or the atmosphere, advancing photovoltaic cells and other solar power systems, finding ways to store large amounts of electricity from intermittent sources like wind or the sun, and making nuclear power more secure.

There is a large amount of forest inventory data supporting the gradual decline in carbon accumulation throughout the eastern United States, 30 as well as evidence of increasing disturbances and disturbance agents that are reducing overall net productivity in many of the forests.

This occurs because transportation in North America produces a substantial amount of black carbon (soot) and ozone (a main ingredient in smog), both of which warm climate, while power generation leads to a large amount of sulfate particles, which cool climate even as they also lead to acid rain and damage human health.

Coastal wetlands, such as mangroves, tidal flats and salt marshes, along with seagrass beds sequester large amounts of carbon within their plants and especially in the soil.

As additional CO2 is added, it tips the equilibrium between these three kinds of carbon dioxide, so because of the Revelle Factor, it means that you can add a large amount of CO2 to the air without adding much to the water».

Therefore, as large amounts of fossil CO2 are released, the atmospheric abundance of the two heavier types of carbon should decrease.

(07/21/2008) Shell Oil is funding a project that seeks to test the potential of adding lime to seawater as a cost - effective way to fight global warming by sequestering large amounts of carbon dioxide in the world's oceans, reports Chemistry & Industry magazine.

In high - latitude areas like Alaska, frozen ground known as permafrost can trap large amounts of carbon dioxide and methane produced by layers of decayed plant and animal matter.

But drainage and destruction of these ecosystems is responsible for large amounts of carbon emissions (40 tons of carbon per hectare per year for drained tropical swamp forests) as well as degradation of the other services they provide.

In many cases, they use an empty field as their starting point, ignoring the fact that to set up a cedar farm you may have to raze a stand of enormous trees that would otherwise have stored large amounts of carbon for decades.

Moreover, it reaches this goal without making (as many climate modelers do) desperate assumptions about horrifically large - scale deployment of bioenergy - based carbon capture and storage systems (the acronym is BECCS) that generate fantastic amounts of «negative emissions.»

The terrestrial biosphere stores a large amount of carbon, and is critical for the provision of food, fuel, and fiber, as well as for climate mitigation.

Ocean acidification occurs when the ocean absorbs large amounts of the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the burning of fossil fuels.

The study suggests this so - called «CO2 fertilization effect» may also contribute to a stabilizing feedback in the climate system as increased biomass production and organic deposition in marshes sequester larger amounts of carbon dioxide.

One concern is that harvesting massive amounts of naturally occurring seaweed for bioenergy could have comparable effects on atmospheric carbon dioxide and habitat loss or fragmentation as large - scale deforestation.

By characterizing atmospheric gas mixing ratios (volume of gas per volume of air) across the North Slope, scientists hope to improve the estimates of the volume of gases like carbon dioxide and methane being emitted from biological sources such as Alaska's permafrost layer which stores large amounts of carbon.

As a result, the new model found that the increase in carbon uptake by more vegetation will be overshadowed by a much larger amount of carbon released into the atmosphere.

Even if we find a way to curb emissions of fossil fuels, the study said nature would still add large amounts of greenhouse gases by itself, as billions of tons of carbon are locked in the sub-Arctic permafrost.

I do know a few things about basic physics and the greenhouse effect, so dumping large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere strikes me as unwise.

Smaller but still large methane hydrate amounts below shallow waters as in the Arctic Ocean are more vulnerable; the methane may oxidize to CO2 in the water, but it will still add to the long - term burden of CO2 in the carbon cycle.

Along with organizations such as the Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA) Philippines and Greenpeace Southeast Asia, we oppose these «waste to energy technologies» because they release large amounts of carbon dioxide that contribute to global warming, along with toxic chemicals that pollute the environment.

The mechanisms behind these hyperthermals are poorly understood, as discussed below, but they are characterized by the injection into the surface climate system of a large amount of carbon in the form of CH4 and / or CO2 on the time scale of a millennium [205]--[207].

As the mortality rate increased, the basal area - the cross-sectional area at a height of 1.3 m of all trees larger than 10 cm in diameter, and an indicator of the amount of carbon stored - decreased.

Despite the troubles of recent years, forests continue to take up a large amount of carbon, with some regions, including the Eastern United States, being especially important as global carbon absorbers.

Achieving that goal will be more than twice as hard as staying below 2 C and it would involve making sharp adjustments to rich - country lifestyles, large amounts of foreign aid and deploying carbon dioxide removal measures like bioenergy carbon capture and storage on a massive scale.

Natural gas, generally, emits half the amount of CO2 per unit of electricity as oil does, so it makes sense for big petroleum companies to lean on this resource more as a way to position their respective asset mixes as lower carbon and secure an even larger piece of the global carbon budget.

And biomass burning — which occurs mainly as a result of tropical forest fires, deforestation, savannah and shrub fires — emits large amounts of organic carbon particles that block solar radiation.

Large amounts of carbon stored in forests can quickly be released as a result of forest fires, logging or disease.

According to a new study of 28,000 measurements collected between 2000 and 2006 and analyzed by NOAA's CarbonTracker system, only about a third of the carbon dioxide is absorbed by carbon sinks such as the soil and forests; a large portion of it ends up in the atmosphere - but that still leaves a significant amount unaccounted for.Interestingly, the CarbonTracker found carbon emissions to be highest in the Midwest; that single region released more carbon dioxide than any other country - except Russia, China, India and, of course, the U.S. Carbon dioxide was found to be most readily absorbed east of the Rocky Mountains and in northern Canada.

(trouble is 35 is for carbon dioxide concentration, and 65 is for forcing, so if that's the calculation it was indeed a typo in a spreadsheet) Actually CO2 as a percentage of all radiative forcing would be: 43/65 * 100 = 66 % You messed up the link (I think) so that it actually leads back to this page rather than the FAQ section http://illconsidered.blogspot.com/2006/02/whats-wrong-with-warm-weather.html Never mind, as you know, I don't think the costs imposed by that change are large, not as long as sea level rise is only 50 cm over a hundred years (and the midpoint for the scenarios I consider most policy relevant, ie those excluding lots of coal burning after 2050, is somewhat lower still) and the change in «weather extremes» largely amounts to nothing more than what would be expected from moving south a few hundred kilometres.

Although solar (mainly PV) is the largest single energy source by that time, total carbon consumed through fossil fuel use amounts to 800 billion tonnes carbon by the end of the century, just a bit less than current proven reserves (900 billion tonnes as indicated above).

As soon as any tree, especially the most profitable large ones, is harvested the carbon it contains is released back into the atmosphere very quickly and will not be removed again until the same amount of tree mass regrowAs soon as any tree, especially the most profitable large ones, is harvested the carbon it contains is released back into the atmosphere very quickly and will not be removed again until the same amount of tree mass regrowas any tree, especially the most profitable large ones, is harvested the carbon it contains is released back into the atmosphere very quickly and will not be removed again until the same amount of tree mass regrows.