The influx could slow down or shut off the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation, the driving factor behind the conveyor belt current known as thermohaline circulation, which brings
large amounts of warm water to the North Atlantic region.
The IPCC gives the whole range of things that could happen, some that involve a small amount of warming and some involving rather
large amounts of warming.
One of the things that people (particularly from an engineering background) have trouble with is the idea that the feedback from a small amount of warming can give rise to a much
larger amount of warming, and this seems, from an «enginering perspective» on the meaning of «feedback», to result in an uncontrolled «runaway» response.
As it skirts along the East Coast of Australia it carries
a large amount of warm tropical water from the equator southward.
In very short form (recognizing that I will write somewhat loosely for purposes of brevity in this setting), Weitzman's central claim is that the probability distribution of potential losses from global warming is «fat - tailed», or includes high enough odds of very
large amounts of warming (200C or more) to justify taking expensive action now to avoid these low probability / high severity risks.
Meanwhile, the logarithmic effect of CO2 is excellent «concession» to make in the rhetorical sense, since it concedes the obvious state of our knowledge about the effects of CO2, while at the same time providing us with the solid argument that even if we double atmospheric CO2 levels from 400ppm to 800 ppm over the next 100 years
the largest amount of warming possible — assuming all else remains the same and Gaia has no homeostasis negative feedback systems which tend to moderate any runaway trends — is 1.2 c.
While two of the models eventually realized a slow shutdown of the AMOC under RCP8.5 (the scenario with
the largest amount of warming), none exhibited an abrupt change of the AMOC.
They explain that termination shock is most likely to occur if a solar geoengineering effort aimed at suppressing
a large amount of warming — say, the 0.5 degrees Celsius per decade expected in the high - end (RPC 8.5) carbon emissions scenario — was phased out suddenly and completely.
Not exact matches
However, February's outsized rise may have been enhanced by unseasonably
warm weather, with the number
of additional construction jobs rising by the
largest amount in several years.
With soap and
warm water, throughly clean an airtight glass container that is
large enough to hold the
amount of lemons you are making.
To assemble salad, grab a
large bowl & toss 5C arugula, 1 / 2C
warm quinoa, baked broccoli, 1/2 avocado diced & 1 / 2C drained chickpeas — toss with preferred
amount of dressing (I had a ton left over for future salads) & serve!
With Arctic temperatures
warming twice as fast as the global average, scientists estimate thawing permafrost could release
large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere through the end
of the century with significant climate impacts.
The
warming also indicates that a
large amount of heat is being taken up by the ocean, demonstrating that the planet's energy budget has been pushed out
of balance.
Most electricity in the United States is generated at power plants that run on coal and natural gas — fossil fuels that contribute significantly to global
warming by emitting
large amounts of carbon dioxide.
The period
of intense climate
warming, related to the emplacement
of large amounts of basalt
of the Siberian Traps and which we previously thought was responsible for the extinction
of marine species, in fact happened 500,000 years after the Permian - Triassic boundary.
But the
warming that would result from adding such
large amounts of carbon to the climate system would be much greater today than during the PETM and could reach up to 10 degrees.
Consequently,
large amounts of carbon have been emitted into the atmosphere in the form
of CO2 contributing to global
warming.
Dr Stephen Grimes
of Plymouth University, who initiated the research project, highlighted the climate changes that must have caused this increase in sediment erosion and transport — «We have climate model simulations
of the effect
of warming on rainfall during the PETM event, and they show some changes in the average
amounts of rainfall, but the
largest change is how this rainfall is packaged up — it's concentrated in more rapid, extreme events —
larger and bigger storms.»
Industrial and agricultural activities produce
large amounts of methane, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global
warming.
«The deep Pacific is such an enormously
large volume
of water that [this
warming] reflects the input
of a tremendous
amount of energy into the global system.»
Phytoplankton are tiny organisms that are critical in offsetting climate change because they undergo a process called photosynthesis, whereby they absorb
large enough
amounts of heat - trapping carbon dioxide to cool Earth's
warming environment while releasing much
of oxygen we breathe.
This finding might imply that
warming trends will drive local microbes to produce
larger amounts of methane.
While the water under the Antarctic ice is not itself related to global
warming, the suprisingly
large amount of water, the surprising speed with which it moves, and its effect
of «lubricating» the movement
of the Antarctic ice, may affect how the ice sheets respond to
warming.
The net effect
of human - generated aerosols is more complicated and regionally variable — for example, in contrast to the local
warming effect
of the Asian Brown Cloud, global shipping produces
large amounts of cooling reflective sulphate aerosols: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1999/08/990820022710.htm
We also know that if we continue to emit
large amounts of greenhouse gases, the planet will continue to
warm.
«One demanding test
of the validity
of the computer simulations
of the climate
of the earth is based on temperature records from the Arctic... When tested against the Arctic temperature record, therefore, the computer forecasts are seen to exaggerate the projected
warming by a
large amount.»
Despite continuous injection
of a
large amount of very cold (− 15 ◦ C) water in these pure freshwater experiments, substantial portions
of the ocean interior become
warmer.
Surrounding molecular gas is heated by shock wave induced by the jet and
large amounts of HCN molecules are generated in the
warm gas.
As humans release ever -
larger amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, besides
warming the planet, the gas is also turning the world's oceans more acidic — at rates thought to far exceed those seen during past major extinctions
of life.
Ironically, though, the
large amounts of lake effect snow have been linked to the
warming of the lake, resulting in more evaporation, convective lift and, therefore, snow than previously seen.
Fill your bathtub (or a
large bucket) with a small
amount of warm water and add two tablespoons
of baking soda per liter
of water in the tub.
-- raw nuts and seeds contain «anti nutrients» which prevent untimely sprouting and being «exterminated» by all the nut lovers like insects, animals and us included — If you eat raw nuts and nut butters daily, in
larger amounts, you SHOULD soak the raw nuts and seeds in
warm water with a couple
of teaspoons
of seasalt over night and then thorougly rinse, drip dry and dehydrate in the oven at about 150 degrees Fahrenheit — Wilderness Family sells nutbutters from soaked and dehydrated nuts, but it is spendy!
that's okay Grease a
large skillet with a generous
amount of butter and heat over medium - low Pour about 1/4 c batter into the skillet ***, swirling gently for about 10 seconds, until it is evenly spread around the skillet Cook for a minute or two, watching carefully — when the edges start to brown, loosen the edges with a small spatula, and then flip Cook for another 20 - 30 seconds on the other side Remove from the skillet and place on a plate in a
warm oven while you cook the other crepes.
They also force our heart to beat faster and to pump
larger amounts of blood through our body, which makes us feel
warm.
The combination came out just perfect — I get to eat a
large amount of raw veggies mixed with spicy,
warm and comforting oat bran porridge leaving me full, happy and satisfied.
If you don't want to
warm the entire pouch, you can
warm a smaller portion by pouring the desired
amount into a bowl, then placing that bowl into a slightly
larger bowl
of warm water.
Unlike conferences, where
large amounts of money are required to participate in all the events taking place, including hotel costs, and airfare charges, I find retreats offer cozier accommodations and fewer attendees that make the atmosphere
warmer than conferences will.
Add a small
amount (a couple
of tablespoons)
of something tasty, like chicken broth, or one
of the commercially available canine gravies, to a
large bowl
of warm water.
All the villas and apartments are traditional in design, with a
large amount of effort in keeping the rooms cool during the summer, but
warm during the winter.
* The Global Coral Reef Alliance says global
warming of surface waters is already killing
large amounts of coral.
Earlier in the year, secretary Ban flew over the Antarctic Peninsula (which was covered with exceptionally
large amounts of snow at the time) and reported that he had «seen the devastation»
of global
warming in Antarctica.
First, there is room for disussion regarding whether a modest
amount of global
warming is bad, but I don't believe there can be much debate that a
large amount of global
warming would be horrible — there is no easy work - around for the relocation
of a third
of the world's major cities due to sea - level rise.
Before allowing the temperature to respond, we can consider the forcing at the tropopause (TRPP) and at TOA, both reductions in net upward fluxes (though at TOA, the net upward LW flux is simply the OLR); my point is that even without direct solar heating above the tropopause, the forcing at TOA can be less than the forcing at TRPP (as explained in detail for CO2 in my 348, but in general, it is possible to bring the net upward flux at TRPP toward zero but even with saturation at TOA, the nonzero skin temperature requires some nonzero net upward flux to remain — now it just depends on what the net fluxes were before we made the changes, and whether the proportionality
of forcings at TRPP and TOA is similar if the effect has not approached saturation at TRPP); the forcing at TRPP is the forcing on the surface + troposphere, which they must
warm up to balance, while the forcing difference between TOA and TRPP is the forcing on the stratosphere; if the forcing at TRPP is
larger than at TOA, the stratosphere must cool, reducing outward fluxes from the stratosphere by the same total
amount as the difference in forcings between TRPP and TOA.
Also, because, by their very nature, extreme events are rare, it would not be possible to have a meaningful statistical trend until a
large amount of global
warming had already happened.
After all, who's going to expend a
large amount of time and effort to curb IAGW (Inconvenient Anthropogenic Global
Warming) or BAGW (Beneficial Anthropogenic Global
Warming)?
The total
amount of cooling ranges from 0.65 C up to 0.75 C — a value
large enough to wipe out nearly all the
warming recorded over the past 100 years.
The total
amount of cooling ranges from 0.65 C up to 0.75 C — a value
large enough to wipe out most
of the
warming recorded over the past 100 years.
Therefore, if switching to natural gas from coal reduces the
amount of CO2 you emit, you can tolerate quite a
large amount of leakage and still come out ahead, because the
warming caused by the leakage will go away quickly once you eventually stop using natural gas (and other fossil fuels), whereas the
warming you would get from all the extra CO2 you'd pump out if you stuck with coal would stay around forever.
Apart from these last concerns, the WAIS is much less worrying than the GIS, because the huge thermal inertia and albedo effect
of the EAIS, the antarctic continent itself, and the
large amount of antarctic sea ice in the southern winter, all act to reduce the degree
of warming for the WAIS (whereas the GIS is the victim
of various unfortunate circumstances which amplify
warming there).
The water temperature is still extremely
warm for this time
of year, and the visibility is very limited because
of a
large amount of biological material (easy to see when you are diving).