The discrepancy between community property and common law became even more pronounced at higher income levels, in particular when there was
a large difference in income between spouses.
Not exact matches
Note, for example, that respondents who «strongly agreed» that
differences in income were too
large estimated a much
larger pay gap between CEOs and unskilled workers (12.5:1) than respondents who «strongly disagreed» (6.7:1; Table 2).
Even there, the
difference is not
large - median
incomes, overall, have fallen 7 percent
in real terms since 1976; median
incomes of single non-elderly men have fallen 10 percent.
Think of a substantial amount of migration taking place within a
larger country with significant
differences in income levels
in different parts of the country, but a still federal but somewhat homogenized legal system.
So if, as our research suggests, dog intelligence is structured similarly to ours, studying a species that doesn't smoke, drink, use recreational drugs and does not have
large differences in education and
income, may help us understand this link between intelligence and health better.
Schools, teacher quality and family
income all play a
large role
in student success, but these factors do not fully explain the academic
differences seen
in the U.S. between whites and disadvantaged racial / ethnic minorities, including blacks and Hispanics.
Differences between low - and high - income children in reading and math achievement are much larger now than they were several decades ago, as are differences in college gradua
Differences between low - and high -
income children
in reading and math achievement are much
larger now than they were several decades ago, as are
differences in college gradua
differences in college graduation rates.
Given that there are
large difference in outcomes by socioeconomic status within broad
income groups
in the United States, this condition clearly does not hold
in reality.
We find
larger effects for low -
income children, such that these reforms narrowed adult socioeconomic attainment
differences between those raised
in low - vs. high -
income families.
In response to large within - state differences in per - pupil spending across wealthy / high - income and poor districts, state supreme courts overturned school finance systems in 28 states between 1971 and 2010, and many states implemented legislative reforms that spawned important changes in public education fundin
In response to
large within - state
differences in per - pupil spending across wealthy / high - income and poor districts, state supreme courts overturned school finance systems in 28 states between 1971 and 2010, and many states implemented legislative reforms that spawned important changes in public education fundin
in per - pupil spending across wealthy / high -
income and poor districts, state supreme courts overturned school finance systems
in 28 states between 1971 and 2010, and many states implemented legislative reforms that spawned important changes in public education fundin
in 28 states between 1971 and 2010, and many states implemented legislative reforms that spawned important changes
in public education fundin
in public education funding.
We may not all agree on which reforms have been proven effective, but we could all agree that at least some of these reforms, perhaps used
in combination, could make a
large difference in the academic achievement of low -
income and minority students.
The median household
income for black families
in 2001 was $ 33,600, while it was $ 54,100 for whites, a
difference that can be attributed
in part to the
large number of black families headed by a single parent (see Figure 2).
Women and non low -
income students also graduated from these early college high schools
in larger numbers, but the
difference was only 2 percentage points.
«On average, summer vacation creates a three - month gap
in reading achievement between students from low - and middle -
income families... even small
differences in summer learning can accumulate across the elementary years, resulting
in a
large achievement gap by the time students enter high school.»
Research shows clearly that high quality teachers make a very
large difference in the academic success of their students, more so for low
income students.
Although racial / ethnic
differences in private school enrollment are largely explained by
income differences, the urban / suburban and regional
differences in private school enrollment patterns are
large even among families with similar
incomes.
The
large difference between the two figures was due to the overrepresentation of high -
income households
in the survey.
I don't understand how taxing a
larger portion of your
income could ever mean paying less
in taxes, if the only
difference is the amount of
income.
I often see CPP splitting overlooked during marriage breakups, which is unfortunate, since it can amount to a
large difference in someone's
income at retirement.
According to their modeling studies, the
difference in the amount of
incoming solar radiation,
in this case, primarily
in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths, during the minima and maxima of the 11 - yr solar cycle are
large enough to produce a characteristic change
in the winter circulation pattern of the atmosphere over North America... When the NAO is
in its negative phase, more cold air can seep south from the Arctic and impact the lower latitudes of Europe and the eastern U.S., which helps spin up winter storm systems.
My colleague Sean Reardon, for example, focused on the educational impact, demonstrating that «the
difference in average academic skills between high and low -
income students is now 30 — 40 percent
larger than it was 30 years ago» (while providing links to his research paper).
The program of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses, tested with a primarily white sample, produced a 48 percent treatment - control
difference in the overall rates of substantiated rates of child abuse and neglect (irrespective of risk) and an 80 percent
difference for families
in which the mothers were low -
income and unmarried at registration.21 Corresponding rates of child maltreatment were too low to serve as a viable outcome
in a subsequent trial of the program
in a
large sample of urban African - Americans, 20 but program effects on children's health - care encounters for serious injuries and ingestions at child age 2 and reductions
in childhood mortality from preventable causes at child age 9 were consistent with the prevention of abuse and neglect.20, 22
In the long term, those participating children are more likely to be employed and less likely to be dependent on government assistance.9 The positive effects are larger, and more likely to be sustained, when programs are high quality.10 In addition, the impact is greatest for children from low - income families.11 Differences in children's cognitive abilities by income are evident at only nine months old and significantly widen by the time children are two years old.12 Children living in poverty are more likely to be subject to stressful home environments — which can have lifelong impacts on learning, cognition, and self - regulation — while parents living in poverty have limited resources to provide for their families and high barriers to accessing affordable, high - quality child care.13 High - quality early learning programs staffed by warm and responsive adults can help mitigate these effects, offering a safe and predictable learning environment that fosters children's development.
In the long term, those participating children are more likely to be employed and less likely to be dependent on government assistance.9 The positive effects are
larger, and more likely to be sustained, when programs are high quality.10
In addition, the impact is greatest for children from low - income families.11 Differences in children's cognitive abilities by income are evident at only nine months old and significantly widen by the time children are two years old.12 Children living in poverty are more likely to be subject to stressful home environments — which can have lifelong impacts on learning, cognition, and self - regulation — while parents living in poverty have limited resources to provide for their families and high barriers to accessing affordable, high - quality child care.13 High - quality early learning programs staffed by warm and responsive adults can help mitigate these effects, offering a safe and predictable learning environment that fosters children's development.
In addition, the impact is greatest for children from low -
income families.11
Differences in children's cognitive abilities by income are evident at only nine months old and significantly widen by the time children are two years old.12 Children living in poverty are more likely to be subject to stressful home environments — which can have lifelong impacts on learning, cognition, and self - regulation — while parents living in poverty have limited resources to provide for their families and high barriers to accessing affordable, high - quality child care.13 High - quality early learning programs staffed by warm and responsive adults can help mitigate these effects, offering a safe and predictable learning environment that fosters children's development.
in children's cognitive abilities by
income are evident at only nine months old and significantly widen by the time children are two years old.12 Children living
in poverty are more likely to be subject to stressful home environments — which can have lifelong impacts on learning, cognition, and self - regulation — while parents living in poverty have limited resources to provide for their families and high barriers to accessing affordable, high - quality child care.13 High - quality early learning programs staffed by warm and responsive adults can help mitigate these effects, offering a safe and predictable learning environment that fosters children's development.
in poverty are more likely to be subject to stressful home environments — which can have lifelong impacts on learning, cognition, and self - regulation — while parents living
in poverty have limited resources to provide for their families and high barriers to accessing affordable, high - quality child care.13 High - quality early learning programs staffed by warm and responsive adults can help mitigate these effects, offering a safe and predictable learning environment that fosters children's development.
in poverty have limited resources to provide for their families and high barriers to accessing affordable, high - quality child care.13 High - quality early learning programs staffed by warm and responsive adults can help mitigate these effects, offering a safe and predictable learning environment that fosters children's development.14
Unhappy spouses who divorced were statistically more likely to be younger, had lower household
incomes, were more likely to be employed, and to have children
in the home, but these
differences (with the exception of age) were not
large.
Recent research conducted
in mainland China found that obesity prevalence was higher among children in wealthier families, 4 but the patterns were different in Hong Kong with higher rates of childhood obesity among lower income families.4 5 Hong Kong, despite having a per capita gross domestic product of Hong Kong dollar (HK$) 273 550, has large income differences between rich and poor as reflected by a high Gini coefficient of 0.539 reported in 2016; approximately 20 % of the population are living in poverty as defined by a monthly household income below half of the Hong Kong median.6 It is widely accepted that population health tend to be worse in societies with greater income inequalities, and hence low - income families in these societies are particularly at risk of health problems.7 In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low - income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stres
in mainland China found that obesity prevalence was higher among children
in wealthier families, 4 but the patterns were different in Hong Kong with higher rates of childhood obesity among lower income families.4 5 Hong Kong, despite having a per capita gross domestic product of Hong Kong dollar (HK$) 273 550, has large income differences between rich and poor as reflected by a high Gini coefficient of 0.539 reported in 2016; approximately 20 % of the population are living in poverty as defined by a monthly household income below half of the Hong Kong median.6 It is widely accepted that population health tend to be worse in societies with greater income inequalities, and hence low - income families in these societies are particularly at risk of health problems.7 In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low - income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stres
in wealthier families, 4 but the patterns were different
in Hong Kong with higher rates of childhood obesity among lower income families.4 5 Hong Kong, despite having a per capita gross domestic product of Hong Kong dollar (HK$) 273 550, has large income differences between rich and poor as reflected by a high Gini coefficient of 0.539 reported in 2016; approximately 20 % of the population are living in poverty as defined by a monthly household income below half of the Hong Kong median.6 It is widely accepted that population health tend to be worse in societies with greater income inequalities, and hence low - income families in these societies are particularly at risk of health problems.7 In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low - income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stres
in Hong Kong with higher rates of childhood obesity among lower
income families.4 5 Hong Kong, despite having a per capita gross domestic product of Hong Kong dollar (HK$) 273 550, has
large income differences between rich and poor as reflected by a high Gini coefficient of 0.539 reported
in 2016; approximately 20 % of the population are living in poverty as defined by a monthly household income below half of the Hong Kong median.6 It is widely accepted that population health tend to be worse in societies with greater income inequalities, and hence low - income families in these societies are particularly at risk of health problems.7 In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low - income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stres
in 2016; approximately 20 % of the population are living
in poverty as defined by a monthly household income below half of the Hong Kong median.6 It is widely accepted that population health tend to be worse in societies with greater income inequalities, and hence low - income families in these societies are particularly at risk of health problems.7 In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low - income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stres
in poverty as defined by a monthly household
income below half of the Hong Kong median.6 It is widely accepted that population health tend to be worse
in societies with greater income inequalities, and hence low - income families in these societies are particularly at risk of health problems.7 In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low - income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stres
in societies with greater
income inequalities, and hence low -
income families
in these societies are particularly at risk of health problems.7 In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low - income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stres
in these societies are particularly at risk of health problems.7
In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low - income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stres
In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low -
income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children
in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stres
in the population at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 % of the parents having a known history of mental illness and 18.2 % of them reporting elevated level of stress.
Similar patterns were also seen
in relation to area deprivation although the
differences between those
in the least and most deprived groups were not as
large as
in relation to household
income (68 % compared with 54 % respectively).
But it must not be too
large of a burden, because they are legally obligated not only make up the
difference in parenting but balance out the loss of household
income as well.