Sentences with phrase «large organisms»

The result suggests that structural errors accumulate in large organisms such as humans due to random genetic drift.

In large organisms with relatively small population sizes, such as humans, only in the order of 1 % of the genomic information is shaped by the environment via natural selection.

In eukaryote organisms (almost all large organisms, such as animals, plants, and fungi, but not bacteria), DNA forms a complex with proteins that are called histones.

For unicellular organisms the respiratory surface is simply the cell membrane, but for large organisms it usually is carried out in respiratory systems.

«What we wanted to know is why these large organisms appeared at this particular point in Earth's history,» said Dr Jennifer Hoyal Cuthill of Cambridge's Department of Earth Sciences and Tokyo Tech's Earth - Life Science Institute, the paper's first author.

The chance of large organisms evolving is insanely small, to the point of basically being impossible.

Biology, he said, was the study of large organisms and physics was the study of small organisms.

The larger the organism, the longer it takes the many, many, minute mutations to result in a visible change.

We anticipate some sort of growth toward increased complexity: increasingly larger organic macromolecules, then the convergence of many macromolecules to constitute a simple living system, either as a cell with its protective wall and vital nucleus or as some functional analogue, then the convergence of many cells to form larger organisms.

This binds them together in larger organisms such as animals, and since these are internally related to one another as well, larger groupings too have an organic character.

That means also that the cell as cell interacts with other cells in the larger organism.

Larger organisms are complex unities of smaller organisms.

He held that, while biology studies the larger organisms, physics studies the smaller ones.

Soccer crowds become part of one large organism, symbiotic, made up of disparate elements whose individuals are totally involved in the life of the thing itself, like a Portuguese man - of - war.

Going by the name Pando (Latin for «I spread»), one particular colony of male aspen trees in Utah is not only the largest organism on earth (weighing in at over 6,000 tons), it is also the oldest, estimated to be 80,000 years old.

As some biology textbooks and studies continue to sidestep the details of the amoeba and other microbes in favor of focusing on larger organisms, Spiegel sees a tragic irony: Amoebas and their ilk can best position budding researchers to explore the costs of sex, its evolution and alternatives to problems it may or may not solve.

You only have to look at mainstream conservation journals to see the macrobial bias: only 2 per cent of papers relate to microbes, and even then mostly as threats to larger organisms rather than being concerned with their preservation.

However, many ecosystems are neglected in conservation strategies simply because of the absence of larger organisms, for instance desert soil crusts, glaciers or unusual geological formations.

Despite these startling stats, though, they are not the largest organisms on Earth.

And by, you know, biomagnifications in the food chain [the accumulation of substances in increasingly high concentrations as larger organisms feed on smaller ones].

«We think of plankton as the tiny alphabet soup of the ocean, floating around passively while larger organisms eat it,» says biologist Gregory Gavelis, who lead the study while a researcher at the University of British Columbia (UBC).

Viral infections simultaneously reduce the amount of nutrients and materials available to larger organisms by killing microbial cells, but also stimulate microbial activity through the release of organic matter and nutrients, which provides increased biomass available for larger organisms including fish.»

Much attention has been given to migration of vermin on board ships, and the transport of larger organisms such as algae and jellyfish in ballast water.

They lived in the shadow of the Rangeomorphs, he says, but when these larger organisms went extinct the small Ediacarans may have flourished, evolving into familiar animals.

The real surprise was [the DNA] sequences indicating larger organisms like clams and jellyfish.

Larger organisms, such as some types of crabs and fishes, are most likely opportunistic feeders living on other living or dead vent organisms.

Some are microscopic, and others are over 300 feet tall and are among the largest organisms on the planet.

The larger the organism and the more complicated the proteins, the more local inflammation results after the injection, and this sometimes translates into a firm knot or bump at the injection site.

Given it's the largest organism in the world and among the most popular tourist destinations in Australia, it is little wonder that the Great Barrier Reef is also the premier diving location in the country.

With more than 11 per cent of the entire continent protected, including the planet's largest organism, the Great Barrier Reef, as well as dozens of huge national parks, Australia remains a world leader in eco tourism.

«I saw a poetic contradiction in the notion that some of the smallest organisms in the world were reclaiming the instruments of much larger organisms.

Curiously, the fungi that feed on trees have evolved to beat the whales, winning the prize for the largest organism ever found.

This would come at the expense of other food webs with larger organisms as oxygen levels plummet and energy flows divert towards phytoplankton.

Lastly, biological processes need to be better understood, including the microbial processes in OMZs, as well as how much larger organisms are affected and can adapt to the changes in OMZs.

Not exact matches

Like a biological organism, every product is made up of materials and the properties of those materials, in large part, determine how the product functions and performs.

Essentially the model reproduces the inner workings of all of the proteins within the organism and allows scientists to see everything from how cells interact with each other to the functions of genes in a larger context that had not been previously understood.

The single cell organism has an ancestor who probably came to earth frozen ice attached to a meteor that was blown off a distant plant due to some sort of plantary collision between a comet and a planet or two planets, or even a large meter collision... Evolution does not require that you believe to exist, it simply exists.

This miniscule chemical aberration may cause a large or small change in the encoded organism.

Complete certainty exists among essentially all biochemists that the other characteristics of living organisms (for example, selective permeability across all membranes, muscle contraction, and the hearing and memory process) will all be completely understood in terms of the coordinative interactions of large and small molecules.2

Cells with nuclei, called eukaryotic cells (which make up virtually all multi-cellular organisms) are much larger and more complex that prokaryotic cells and likely resulted from the early combining of prokaryotic cells.

Not only must one view the individual patient as an operating biological organism, one must also seek to understand both the environing medium for that person, which includes all other persons with whom functional activity occurs, and the specific culture that to a large extent shapes the perceptual patterns by which that individual experiences the world.

A decentered Whiteheadian vision suggests a world where larger and larger patterns of meaning and order emerge gradually, fitfully, and unevenly from the churning multiplicity of value centers constituted by the sophisticated occasions regnant in living organisms.

And just as man turns away from Being, so entire large social organisms turn away from it... For this reason we may observe how social, political and state systems, and whole societies, are inevitably becoming alienated from themselves.

And as any system or organism is always a part of some larger system, organism or ecology, it in turn fulfils a certain function, or set of functions - which is often interpreted as having a certain «purpose» within that largersystem.

Another factor to consider, the Great Flood: It would have buried large amounts of carbon from living organisms.

The degree of contrast and richness of experience depends in large measure, as we have seen, upon the environments of which organisms are a part and with which they interact.

Along with the importance of these relationships are several other key features: the nested hierarchies of organisation at hundreds - if not thousands - of different levels on this planet... the same laws of physics and chemistry function throughout the universe, and everything is related to everything else... as any system or organism is always a part of some larger system, organism or ecology, it in turn fulfils a certain function, or set of functions - which is often interpreted as having a certain «purpose» within that larger system.

All living organisms not only possess an internal living system but also constitute with their environment a larger living system, which could be called a «life field».

Developments in the «new biology,» which deals with wholes of increasing complexity in the organization of interrelated parts rather than with discrete and isolated segments, especially in molecular biology and the growing field of ecology, with its discoveries about the basic interdependence of living organisms with other living organisms and with its larger environmental context, have further undermined these traditions assumptions.

The feeling had something of the quality of a very large tearing vital pain spreading chiefly over the chest, but within the organism — and yet the feeling was not pain so much as abhorrence.