This is because clouds have more - complex microphysics than the open sky, so even small errors in the models can cascade into
large uncertainties in the forecast.
Professor Curry has led debate in the science community about the process of reviewing climate change, including giving testimony before the US house subcommittee on environment this year, remarking on the many
large uncertainties in forecasting future climate.
Projecting the future water balance and moisture state of Arctic soils — and thus the ratio of CO2 to CH4 production — contributes
the largest uncertainty in forecasting methane emissions from Arctic land surfaces.
Not exact matches
Both studies came to the same basic conclusion: that the risks and
uncertainties involved
in budget
forecasting were simply too
large to allow for a high level of
forecast accuracy.
But there is
uncertainty associated with all the
forecasts and some forecasters are trying to estimate the extent of that
uncertainty, which
in turn can be used to calculate probabilities of particular events (hung parliament,
largest party, etc..)
«While there is some
uncertainty regarding the size, position and timing of this year's hypoxic zone
in the Gulf, the
forecast models are
in overall agreement that hypoxia will be
larger than we have typically seen
in recent years.»
As we mentioned briefly, that leads to a «sweet spot» for
forecasting of a couple of decades into the future where the initial condition
uncertainty dies away, but the
uncertainty in the emission scenario is not yet so
large as to be dominating.
These
forecasts have
uncertainty that,
in most cases, is
larger than the alpha
forecast.
In other words, it is possible that the the climate system does exhibit some kind of long - term chaos in some circumstances, but that the forcing is strong enough to wipe out any significant uncertainty due to initial conditions — at least if one is content to forecast statistical quantities such as, for example, decadal mean January temperatures in some suitably large region, or perhaps temperature variances or quartiles taken over a similar perio
In other words, it is possible that the the climate system does exhibit some kind of long - term chaos
in some circumstances, but that the forcing is strong enough to wipe out any significant uncertainty due to initial conditions — at least if one is content to forecast statistical quantities such as, for example, decadal mean January temperatures in some suitably large region, or perhaps temperature variances or quartiles taken over a similar perio
in some circumstances, but that the forcing is strong enough to wipe out any significant
uncertainty due to initial conditions — at least if one is content to
forecast statistical quantities such as, for example, decadal mean January temperatures
in some suitably large region, or perhaps temperature variances or quartiles taken over a similar perio
in some suitably
large region, or perhaps temperature variances or quartiles taken over a similar period.
The models don't by any means capture the
uncertainty in their
forecasts, and their are a
large number of other sources of
uncertainty in the models used to
forecast emissions from concentrations).
For example, a storm embedded
in a confluent
large - scale flow (i.e. one whose streamlines tend to converge) will generally have less directional track
forecast uncertainty, though the timing of the progress of the storm along its track may suffer.
While climate science can effectively inform us about the range of possible consequences of a warming world, there is a
large amount of irresolvable
uncertainty inherent
in climate
forecasting.
You have to remember that the 5 year
forecast is derived from a
large number of individual runs each with slightly different starting conditions matching the range of the observational
uncertainty in the real starting conditions.
My experience
in working extensively with temperature measurements and temperature
forecasting leads me to believe that our best estimates of global temperature anomalies based on surface measurements have a much
larger degree of
uncertainty than has been implied by most users of these estimates.
well, if it turns out to be useful for weather
forecasting and dynamics at that level, perhaps it would prove useful
in reducing the rather
large uncertainty the GCM have with clouds and aerosols?
As has been amply documented
in the IPCC reports and elsewhere, there remains a
large number of
uncertainties about Earth's past climate, climate dynamics, and
forecasts of future climate.
Decadal climate prediction is immature, and
uncertainties in future forcings, model responses to forcings, or initialisation shocks could easily cause
large errors
in forecasts.
This is where differences
in data assimilation methodology and implementation create the
largest analysis differences or
uncertainty — which is related to future
forecast error.
As we mentioned briefly, that leads to a «sweet spot» for
forecasting of a couple of decades into the future where the initial condition
uncertainty dies away, but the
uncertainty in the emission scenario is not yet so
large as to be dominating.