Sentences with phrase «larger near the surface»

On a global scale, the ocean warming is largest near the surface, and the upper 75 m warmed by 0.11 [0.09 to 0.13] °C per decade over the period 1971 — 2010.

On a global scale, ocean warming is largest near the surface.

Not exact matches

Wyoming, with rich reserves of low - sulfur coal near the surface, is the largest coal - producing - state and has the most coal still in the ground at producing mines.

NASA is currently developing concepts for the redirect mission that will employ a robotic spacecraft, driven by an advanced solar electric propulsion system, to capture a small near - Earth asteroid or remove a boulder from the surface of a larger asteroid.

But when feeding near the surface, whales tended to use the larger, more acrobatic roll to the left.

In the weeks since, NASA officials have started sketching out how that effort might unfold — from a series of small commercial landers, to larger NASA landers, to a multinational space station near the Moon that could serve as a base for robots and astronauts travelling to the lunar surface.

The ocean contains the largest active pool of carbon near the surface of the Earth, but the deep ocean part of this pool does not rapidly exchange with the atmosphere.

It is not a surprise that weather events or salinity changes might cause fluctuations in near - surface currents but «why we also find intensified current fluctuations at very large depths is an open question that still needs to be investigated,» Kanzow notes.

One such spot «is looking quite promising,» he says: Arcadia Planitia, a smooth plain on Mars that appears to have large quantities of ice near the surface.

Before that he and his shipmates had seen how buoyant the hydrate was: As they worked off the coast, large blocks of it sometimes bobbed to the surface near the ship.

In contrast, similar earthquake swarms that occur near the surface can take hours or days to finish, and would likely include a large number of small aftershocks.

Little bones near the surface on the main trail might point you to caches of larger, buried ones.

It was found that near the surface of an ultra-compact star with a radius slightly larger than the Schwarzschild radius there is a «potential hole» — an area of space where particles fall into a gravitational «trap.»

On an end table near the sofa rests a large oval rock, with one half polished black so that its surface resembles the Chinese yin - yang symbol.

With the Florida harvester - ant nest, for instance, the largest chambers are near the surface and closely spaced, becoming smaller and farther apart deeper in the ground.

The first took place from June to August 2011, when large numbers of diatoms (a type of microscopic alga) bloomed near the surface, then sank rapidly to the seafloor.

This has strong implications for astrobiology and planetary habitability as any putative life forms near the surface would be exposed to large radiation doses capable of sterilizing the top ~ 20 cm of the Martian subsurface (Simonsen & Nealy 1993; Mileikowsky et al. 2000; Pavlov et al. 2002; Dartnell 2011; Dartnell et al. 2007a, 2007b, 2010).

A composite of several Cassini images shows Titan's varied surface, including possibly a remnant of an old impact basin (large circular feature near the center of Titan's disk).

The study, published in Geophysical Research Letters, adds three new members to the list of craters near Mercury's north pole that appear to harbor large surface ice deposits.

The warmth was due to the near - record strong El Niño that developed during the Northern Hemisphere spring in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific Ocean and to large regions of record warm and much warmer - than - average sea surface temperatures in parts of every major ocean basin.

A best fitting model for the inner rim in which large grains in the disk mid-plane reach to within 0.25 AU of the star, while small grains in the disk surface create a puffed - up inner rim at ~ 0.7 - 0.8 AU, is able to reproduce all the data, including the near - infrared visibilities.

Using its three main science instruments, Odyssey has mapped the global distribution of many minerals and chemical elements across the Martian surface, found evidence of large amounts of buried water ice near the planet's poles and measured the radiation environment in low Mars orbit, which could help NASA plan out future manned missions to the Red Planet.

The world's two largest radio telescopes have combined to make detailed radar images of the cloud - shrouded surface of Venus and of a tiny asteroid that passed near the Earth.

Dawn was orbiting Vesta from from the day side to the night side, and its image captured the large raised structure near Vesta's South Pole that was prominently visible in previous images, although more of Vesta's surface beneath the spacecraft was in night; s shadow.

Don't put it near large appliances, mirrors, or metallic surfaces.

For example, squirrel - fish can be found hiding in coral branches or coves, sandtile fish can be found living in burrows in the sand of the sea floor, houndfish and barracudas can be found swimming near the surface of the water, large groupers can be found hiding in overhangs or caves, and moray eels can be found hiding in holes and crevices within the corals.

These are large flows of basaltic lava that correspond to low - albedo surfaces covering nearly a third of the near side.

If you were diving in Bali, near the surface at Nusa Penida, you might see this large almost flat, awkward looking creature appearing just like a large head equipped with long sweeping fins atop and below.

Diving with sunfish will provide you with an unforgettable memory - the odd looking flat disc lolling near the surface staring at you with its large dopey eyes.

These spacious rooms have adaptive equipment including hand rails, lowered work surfaces, wet room shower, plus LCD flat screen television, desk located near the large window at the far end of the room from the door, mini bar and tea and coffee making facilities.

There is nothing like coming face to face with this odd looking flat disc lolling near the surface staring at you with large, dopey eyes.

A life is lost if both balloons are popped by enemy Balloon Fighters, if the player falls in the water, gets eaten by the large piranha near the surface of the water, or is hit by lightning.

A large footed bowl from 1881, for example, features a pair of lively crabs entangled near its lip, their delicate modeling in contrast to the brutish facture of the bowl and the splash of greenish - black glaze over its otherwise unglazed surface.

This means that as the dense cold air flows towards the low spot and pools there the influence of the large scale wind decreases to zero in a shallow layer near the surface.

(1) Most of the warming would actually occur near the surface in areas with shallow cold dry air masses, such as in Siberia and northern Canada where it would not have a large effect.

My guess on why was shown at RC a few weeks ago in comment # 12... Wayne, if it's true as you indicated in 9, that upper air temperatures are increasing at a much stronger rate than near the surface, it seems to me the departure would explain at least part of what seems to be a large increase in world area having minimal rainfall and drought... at: http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2006/07/peter-doran-and-how-misleading-talking-points-propagate/

Radiative equilibrium at small LW optical thickness occurs when the whole atmosphere has a temperature such that the Planck function is about half of that of the surface (a skin temperature), whereas at larger LW optical thicknesses, the equilibrium profile has a signficant drop in the Planck function through the atmosphere, approaching half the OLR value at TOA and approaching the surface value towards the surface — of course, convection near the surface will bring a closer match between surface and surface - air temperatures.

But the upward flux from the surface (assuming a perfect blackbody) is isotropic, which means that in order for the upward flux per unit area to fit the T ^ 4 pattern, the intensity will be anomalously small (relative to the T ^ 4 pattern) in a range of directions near vertical, and anomalously large in a range of directions closer to horizontal.

The ability of a band to shape the temperature profile of the whole atmosphere should tend to be maximum at intermediate optical thicknesses (for a given band width), because at small optical thicknesses, the amounts of emission and absorption within any layer will be small relative to what happens in other bands, while at large optical thicknesses, the net fluxes will tend to go to zero (except near TOA and, absent convection, the surface) and will be insensitive to changes in the temperature profile (except near TOA), thus allowing other bands greater control over the temperature profile (depending on wavelength — greater influence for bands with larger bandwidths at wavelengths closer to the peak wavelength — which will depend on temperature and thus vary with height.

An apparent lag in temperature seen in the Greenland ice cores might be an artifact of the proximity of the large Laurentide Ice Sheet, which would have limited the near surface air temperature to the freezing point, as happens over summer sea - ice now.

As more optical thickness is added to a «new» band, it will gain greater control over the temperature profile, but eventually, the equilibrium for that band will shift towards a cold enough upper atmosphere and warm enough lower atmosphere and surface, such that farther increases will cool the upper atmosphere or just that portion near TOA while warming the lower atmosphere and surface — until the optical thickness is so large (relative to other bands) that the band loses influence (except at TOA) and has little farther effect (except at TOA).

The two most important large - scale variables severe thunderstorms are convective available potential energy (CAPE - a thermodynamic measure) and the vertical wind shear (magnitude of the difference between the horizontal winds near the surface and aloft, say, near 6 km above the ground.)

«Barring a major volcanic eruption, most 15 - year global mean surface temperature trends in the near - term future will be larger than during 1998 - 2012,» according to the 127 - page Technical Summary dated June 7 and obtained by Reuters.

«Barring a major volcanic eruption, most 15 - year global mean surface temperature trends in the near - term future will be larger than during 1998 - 2012,»

««Barring a major volcanic eruption, most 15 - year global mean surface temperature trends in the near - term future will be larger than during 1998 - 2012...» --- That sounds about right.

As it is, I don't care much for the overly large focus on near - surface tropospheric temperatures, as most of our weather and climate is going to be based on ocean dynamics and ocean heat content.

Convection is based on the VERY near surface temperature whereas SB is based on the temperature of the larger air mass in radiative exchange with the surface.

However, detection and attribution analyses based on climate simulations that include these forcings, (e.g., Stott et al., 2006b), continue to detect a significant anthropogenic influence in 20th - century temperature observations even though the near - surface patterns of response to black carbon aerosols and sulphate aerosols could be so similar at large spatial scales (although opposite in sign) that detection analyses may be unable to distinguish between them (Jones et al., 2005).

The sea ice in the Siberian Arctic is peaking, its effect on the meridional temperature gradient strong, promoting increased zonal flow of large - scale winds, which advect warm air and moisture over the Eurasian continent from the Atlantic and disrupt vertical stratification near the surface and promote high cloudiness, both of which lead to increasing temperatures — greatest at low altitudes and high latitudes.

The regions of large precipitation are determined by the atmospheric circulation: the near - surface atmospheric flow converges near the subsolar point, leading to strong ascending motion and condensation (see Merlis and Schneider (2010) for a detailed discussion).