This is
the largest microbiome study in companion animals to date, highlighting the potential importance of diet on gut bacteria and enabling future companion animal studies to further understand pet health and nutrition.
Not exact matches
Some small
studies have suggested that synbiotics could provide benefits to a range of other conditions influenced by the gut
microbiome as well, including obesity, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but
larger - scale clinical trials focusing on each of those conditions are needed.
It was the
largest scientific campaign ever at the time and responsible for collecting microbiotic samples from 2,500 people — the
largest study that's ever been done on the
microbiome.
In a previous
study of 24 healthy women, vaginal
microbiome composition became less diverse between the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and just before delivery was enriched with Lactobacillus species, likely contributing to vertical transmission of these bacteria during vaginal birth.21 In a
study of 10 newborns in Venezuela, within hours of delivery, the intestinal tracts of infants born vaginally were colonized by Lactobacillus and Prevotella, whereas infants delivered operatively acquired bacteria present on the mother's skin and the hospital environment, such as Staphylococcus, Proprionibacterium, and Corynebacterium.15 Quiz Ref ID Our findings, based on a
large group of 6 - week - old infants, indicated that Lactobacillus also contributes to the microbial environment of the gut but to a lesser extent than Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, and Streptococcus.
Although the vast majority of research on the gut
microbiome has focused on bacteria in the
large intestine, a new
study — one of a few to concentrate on microbes in the upper gastrointestinal tract — shows how the typical calorie - dense western diet can induce expansion of microbes that promote the digestion and absorption of high - fat foods.
«These are the best - done and
largest assessments of how the
microbiome may influence therapeutic outcome» from those drugs, says immunotherapy researcher Jeffrey Weber of New York University in New York City, who was not involved in the
studies.
In one of the
largest longitudinal
studies of the
microbiome to date, researchers from the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), and the DIABIMMUNE
Study Group have identified a connection between changes in gut microbiota and the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D).
But we now know that bacteria — and in a
larger sense, the
microbiome — are beneficial to maintaining good health,» says Charles H. Jones, the
study's other co-lead author.
The delicate balance between the human
microbiome and the development of psychopathologies is particularly interesting given the ease with which the
microbiome can be altered by external factors, such as diet, 23 exposure to antimicrobials24, 25 or disrupted sleep patterns.26 For example, a link between antibiotic exposure and altered brain function is well evidenced by the psychiatric side - effects of antibiotics, which range from anxiety and panic to major depression, psychosis and delirium.1 A recent
large population
study reported that treatment with a single antibiotic course was associated with an increased risk for depression and anxiety, rising with multiple exposures.27 Bercik et al. 28 showed that oral administration of non-absorbable antimicrobials transiently altered the composition of the gut microbiota in adult mice and increased exploratory behaviour and hippocampal expression of brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), while intraperitoneal administration had no effect on behaviour.