Sentences with phrase «last millennium»

While some national jurisdictions readily incorporate customary law, or aspects of it into their legal landscapes, (127) most countries colonised by imperialist European nations in the latter half of the last millennium transplanted their own common law systems to the lands they settled and continue to operate under a singular common law system.

It wasn't taught, for obvious reasons, when I was in law school in the last millennium.

Everybody who realizes that 2009 isn't the last year of the decade, for the same reason ttat 1999 wasn't the last year of the last millennium, needn't respond.

Unfortunately, many are stuffy and text - heavy, full of jargon and lists of accomplishments dating back to the last millennium.

Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has distributed over # 14 billion in Research and Development tax credits since the turn of the last millennium, to encourage innovation and forward - thinking across the board.

It feels like it was written last year, not last millennium.»

Back at the end of the last millennium, the Centre de recherché en droit public (CRDP), along with colleagues from the Centre de recherches informatique et droit (CRID) and the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) obtained a research grant from the European Commission's Directorate General for Health and Consumers to develop what would become the ECODIR (Electronic Consumer Dispute Resolution) ODR platform.

Once upon a time in the last millennium — as it happens, the first year of the first decade of the last century — a judge of the now - defunct judicial branch of the House of Lords decided to let a not - too - small cat out of the bag.

I am really hoping that the AR5 will do a better job of providing a useful analysis and assessment of the paleodata for the last millennium.

Jone's statement «The other odd thing is that they seem to think that you can reconstruct the last millennium from a few proxies, yet you can't do this from a few instrumental series for the last 150 years!

J. Liu, B. Wang, Q. Ding, X. Kuang, W. Soon, E. Zorita «Centennial variations of the global monsoon precipitation in the last millennium: Results from ECHO - G model», Journal of Climate, submitted (2008).

Including tests with simulations of the last glacial maximum, the Mid-Holocene or the Last Millennium greatly expands the range of model evaluation (see Schmidt (2010) for more discussion).

Pederson, D.C., D.M. Peteet, D. Kurdyla, and T. Guilderson, 2005: Medieval Warming, Little Ice Age, and European impact on the environment during the last millennium in the lower Hudson Valley, New York, USA.

Schmidt, G.A., J.H. Jungclaus, C.M. Ammann, E. Bard, P. Braconnot, T.J. Crowley, G. Delaygue, F. Joos, N.A. Krivova, R. Muscheler, B.L. Otto - Bliesner, J. Pongratz, D.T. Shindell, S.K. Solanki, F. Steinhilber, and L.E.A. Vieira, 2011: Climate forcing reconstructions for use in PMIP simulations of the last millennium (v1.0).

Reliance can not be placed on paleoclimate proxy - based estimates of ECS — the AR4 WG1 report concluded (Box 10.2) that uncertainties in Last Glacial Maximum studies are just too great, and the only probability density function (PDF) for ECS it gave from a last millennium proxy - based study contained little information.

Storch (Editor at the time of the Soon et al 2003 paper in question), said in his resignation letter, that «the methodological basis for such a conclusion (that the 20th century is probably not the warmest nor a uniquely extreme climate period of the last millennium) was simply not given.»

The abstract of that paper claimed that «Across the world, many records reveal that the 20th century is probably not the warmest nor a uniquely extreme climatic period of the last millennium.»

Atmospheric CO2 fluctuations during the last millennium reconstructed by stomatal frequency analysis of Tsuga heterophylla needles (Geology, v. 33; no. 1; p. 33 - 36, January 2005)- Lenny Kouwenberg, Rike Wagner, Wolfram Kürschner, Henk Visscher, at http://geology.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/33/1/33

b) CO2 (CH4) sharp jiggles in last millennium especially, caused by plagues (and maybe wars with CH4), after population was large enough for such to have effects.

The GHG changes are taken into account when modelling the last millennium but they aren't dominant until you get to the 20th C. — gavin]

High - resolution palaeoclimatology of the last millennium: A review of current status and future prospects

We find that there is at least one entirely plausible temperature reconstruction for the last millennium that shows comparable excursions.

Over the last millennium the agreement between the tree - ring data and volcano / ice - core data is high: years of ring - width minima can be matched with known volcanic eruptions or ice - core volcanic signals in 86 % of cases.

Without a shred of evidence («but climategate») you imply that the paleo - scientists studying the last millennium are not interested in the truth and are hiding uncertainty.

Prof Allen said the change «reflects greater uncertainty about what was happening around the last millennium but one».

The LML sedimentary record provides a well - controlled and annually - resolved record of category 2 — 3 hurricane activity in the Boston area over the last millennium.

Alkenone and diatom results for the last millennium have been available for about 10 years.

Here we briefly discuss the radiative forcing estimates used for understanding climate during the last millennium, the mid-Holocene and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)(Section 9.3) and in estimates of climate sensitivity based on palaeoclimatic records (Section 9.6.3).

The following passage contains an almost verbatim quote from the referenced 2001 paper by Jones et al (The Evolution of Climate Over the Last Millennium from Science), but is not block quoted.

Hence, it appears that hurricane activity was more frequent in the first half of the last millennium when tropical Atlantic SSTs were warmer and eastern equatorial Pacific SSTs were cooler than in subsequent centuries.

«Across the world, many records reveal that the 20th century is probably not the warmest or a uniquely extreme climatic period of the last millennium.»

«The current California drought is exceptionally severe in the context of at least the last millennium and is driven by reduced though not unprecedented precipitation and record high temperatures.»

Details: The Last Millennium Reanalysis team invites your participation in its third workshop at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (Mesa Lab) in Boulder, CO..

Stevenson S. N., A. Capotondi and J. T. Fasullo (March 2017): Forced changes to twentieth century ENSO diversity in a last Millennium context.

In 2016, Dr. Pei Xing and co-authors unveiled a new method (MVDM) for calibrating low - frequency NH tree - ring data (utilizing 126 tree - ring records) for the last 1,200 years in The Extratropical Northern Hemisphere Temperature Reconstruction during the Last Millennium Based on a Novel Method.

The Last Millennium Reanalysis team invites your participation in its third workshop, to be held Oct 2 - 3 at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (Mesa Lab) in Boulder, CO..

The answer is yes, 3.7 W / m2 is equivalent to a 1 % increase in solar output, which is larger than any known solar changes in the last millennium by a factor of about five (including the estimates for the Maunder Minimum).

I was banging on about this last millennium.

«The [Hockey Stick] graph shows a long, relatively unwavering line of temperatures across the last millennium (the stick), followed by a sharp, upward turn of warming over the last century (the blade).

«The intensity of the Indian monsoon is found to have decreased during periods of solar minima during the last millennium.

However, studies of paleoclimate proxies, such as tree rings and ice cores, have shown that oscillations similar to those observed instrumentally have been occurring for at least the last millennium.

Many of the El Niño and La Niña events of the last millennium were more intense than the ones scientists have direct data on.

Professor Jones: That particular email relates to this document that I produced for the World Meteorological Organisation at the end of the last millennium in 1999.

The methods of Black Box Model Identification applied to an energy balance model provide directly the so called «equilibrium sensitivities» with respect to three inputs: CO2; solar and volcanic activities; this is shown by Prof. de Larminat in his book «Climate Change: Identifications and projections «[77] where Identification techniques well known in industrial processes, are applied to 16 combinations of historical reconstructions of temperatures (Moberg, Loehle, Ljungqvist, Jones & Mann) and of solar activity proxies (Usoskin - Lean, Usoskin - timv, Be10 - Lean, Be10 - timv) for the last millennium, with some series going back to year 843.

Evidence is presented in this statement that, at least in the Northern Hemisphere, the 20th century was most likely the warmest in the last millennium.

Accepted — text revised to stress overlap in early centuries of the last millennium.

An example: Earlier this year, Texas Rep. Joe Barton issued letters to paleoclimatologist Michael Mann and some of his co-authors seeking the details behind a taxpayer - funded analysis that claimed the 1990s were likely the warmest decade and 1998 the warmest year in the last millennium.

I used to be an organic chemist in the last millennium who reached a tipping point in 2000 and was irreversibly transformed to a computer specialist.

There has been a considerable advance in understanding of temperature change that occurred over the last millennium, especially from the synthesis of individual temperature reconstructions.

Nine years down the track there have been many papers from different groups using different methods and proxies that generally converge on the conclusion that the (NH / global) temperature of the last few decades is likely warmer than for any similar period in the last millennium.