Not exact matches
The negative phase brings higher - than - normal pressure over the
polar region and lower - than - normal pressure at about 45 degrees north
latitude.
I am arguing that because the area of the
polar region (higher than
latitude 60) is approximately a third of the area of the tropics (lower than
latitude 30), then the global temperature will be dominated by that of the tropics.
Over the last 35 years, our research team has recovered ice - core records of climatic and environmental variations from the
polar regions and from low -
latitude high - elevation ice fields from 16 countries.
In the case of Saturn the temperatures predicted by models of solar heating are 200 K, compared to temperatures of 400 K observed independently in the
polar regions and at 306
latitude.
This helps the middle
latitude jet stream to blow strongly and consistently from west to east, thus keeping cold Arctic air locked in the
polar region.
By convention, the high index polarity of the annular modes is defined as lower than normal pressures over the
polar regions and westerly wind anomalies along ~ 55 - 60 degrees
latitude.»
In the very high latitudes of the north
polar region the temperature change is declining with
latitude rather than increasing.
T0 can be taken as more or less constant near 255 K while P0 is
latitude dependent near 400 mbar at the equator, and near the ground in the
polar regions (as there there is very little water vapour and the optical thickness of the air on most of the thermal infrared spectrum is low).
It is, however, projected that some low -
latitude and
polar regions will experience net costs even for small increases in temperature.
Since the major dust sources are located in northern subtropical latitudes, the direct effect is mainly concentrated in these
regions (11), although
polar regions are sensitive to amplified high -
latitude variability in dust concentrations (12).
Figure 3 compares the GISS analysis of global temperature change with the case in which the
polar regions, specifically
regions poleward of 64 degrees
latitude, are excluded from the analysis.
As expected, amounts of precipitable water are greatest over warm, equatorial
regions and decrease more or less continuously with increasing
latitude down to very low values over the cold,
polar regions.
Middle
latitude monthly temperature variation is greater than in
polar or tropical
regions.
In contrast to the
polar regions, the network of lower
latitude small glaciers and ice caps, although making up only about four percent of the total land ice area or about 760,000 square kilometers, may have provided as much as 60 percent of the total glacier contribution to sea level change since 1990s (Meier et al. 2007).