Sentences with phrase «less than the air temperature»

At saturation, the wet - bulb, dew point, and air temperatures are all equal; otherwise the dew point temperature is less than the wet - bulb temperature, which is less than the air temperature.

Not exact matches

Hot air is less dense than cold air, and the hotter the temperature, the more speed a plane needs to lift off.

, the humidity in the arena at less than 40 % and the air temperature at 68?.

Despite the strong warming trend of the past 15 years, worldwide temperatures have risen less than models predict, given the build - up of carbon dioxide in the air to 25 per cent above pre-industrial levels.

Scientists measured how much carbon dioxide the artificially warmed plants respired — released into the air via their leaves — and learned that over time, the trees acclimated to warmer temperatures and increased their carbon emissions less than expected.

They are designed to operate fully exposed in the harsh conditions of the Array Operations Site, to survive strong winds, and to keep their smooth reflecting surfaces accurate to at least 25 micrometers (less than the typical thickness of a human hair) under a wide range of air temperature of -20 to +20 degrees.

More than 90 % of global warming heat goes into warming the oceans, while less than 3 % goes into increasing the atmospheric and surface air temperature.

Hence, if the engine «believes» the coolant to be a different temperature than it is, it will put in more or less fuel than required, resulting in a faulty air / fuel ratio and potentially more CO emissions.

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To counter Cairns» warm temperatures, all YHA rooms have air - conditioning — a rare treat for a hostel that charges less than the price of avocado toast to stay the night.

Snowfall varies across the region, comprising less than 10 % of total precipitation in the south, to more than half in the north, with as much as two inches of water available in the snowpack at the beginning of spring melt in the northern reaches of the river basins.81 When this amount of snowmelt is combined with heavy rainfall, the resulting flooding can be widespread and catastrophic (see «Cedar Rapids: A Tale of Vulnerability and Response»).82 Historical observations indicate declines in the frequency of high magnitude snowfall years over much of the Midwest, 83 but an increase in lake effect snowfall.61 These divergent trends and their inverse relationships with air temperatures make overall projections of regional impacts of the associated snowmelt extremely difficult.

More than 90 % of global warming heat goes into warming the oceans, while less than 3 % goes into increasing the atmospheric and surface air temperature.

Because temperatures can rise more quickly in drier air and than moister air, does a rising air temperature indicate more heat is trapped or less moisture is available?

Given the fact the the bulk of the energy in the TOA imbalance is getting stored in the ocean, yet temperature anomalies over the ocean are less than over the land, for the above stated reasons, the global combined land and ocean (that is, air over the ocean) temperature anomalies actually tend to greatly understate to a the actual effects of the anthropogenic caused TOA anomaly.

From an OSU press release: CORVALLIS, Ore. — An analysis of 35 headwater basins in the United States and Canada found that the impact of warmer air temperatures on streamflow rates was less than expected in many locations, suggesting that some ecosystems may be resilient to certain aspects of climate change.

With 200 C skin surface, the air should less than this temperature.

On average there's less than a 1C difference between sea surface temperature and sea air temperature.

- Now the ground or skin temperature generally varies more in day to night cycle than air temperature, but this surface temperature has far less heat capacity than the atmosphere - it's couple inches of matter.

Now the ground or skin temperature generally varies more in day to night cycle than air temperature, but this surface temperature has far less heat capacity than the atmosphere - it's couple inches of matter.

One study estimates that there are likely to be places on Earth where unprotected humans without cooling mechanisms, such as air conditioning, would die in less than six hours if global average surface temperature rises by about 12.6 ° F (7 ° C).16 With warming of 19.8 - 21.6 ° F (11 - 12 ° C), this same study projects that regions where approximately half of the world's people now live could become intolerable.7

We have also shown that the lapse rate of the temperature should be about centigrade per kilometer in dry air, but somewhat less than this in wet air.

However, the gravitational potential energy of the entire air column becomes a nontrivial function that has a leading temperature dependence of minus a term that vanishes if the height of the column goes to infinity and that cancels the if the height is much less than.

«The dramatic changes in lake ice may also contribute to further warming of the entire region, because open water on lakes contributes to warmer air temperatures, albeit to a lesser extent than open seawater,» Surdu said.

At low altitude and high temperatures (greater than 30 °C or 86 °F), over the ocean, it can reach 4.3 % or more of the atmosphere and is less dense than dry air, causing it to rise.

The change in temperature with height of a parcel of air if relative humidity is less than 100 % dT / dz = g / cp Units = ms ^ -2 J ^ -1 kgK = ms ^ -2 kg ^ -1 m ^ -1 s ^ 2m ^ -1 kgK = Km ^ -1 g = gravity 9.81 ms ^ -2 cp = 1004 Jkg ^ -1 K ^ -1

These stem from a diversity of site - specific conditions, including, but not limited to: local vegetation; presence of building structures and contributions made by such structures involving energy use, heating and air conditioning, etc; exposure to winds, the wind velocities determined by climatic factors and also whether certain wind directions are more favored than others by terrain or the presence or absence thereof to bodies of water; proximity to grass, asphalt, concrete or other material surfaces; the physical conditions of the CRS itself which include: the exact location of the temperature sensors within it, the degree of unimpeded flow of external air through the CRS, the character of the paint used; the exact height of the instrument above the external surface (noting that when the ground is covered by 3 feet of snow, the temperature instrument is about 60 % closer to, or less than 2 feet, above an excellent radiating surface, much closer than it would be under snow - free conditions).

During extreme heat events, nighttime temperatures in the region's big cities are generally several degrees higher28 than surrounding regions, leading to increased heat - related death among those less able to recover from the heat of the day.36 Since the hottest days in the Northeast are often associated with high concentrations of ground - level ozone and other pollutants, 37 the combination of heat stress and poor air quality can pose a major health risk to vulnerable groups: young children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing health conditions including asthma.29 Vulnerability is further increased as key infrastructure, including electricity for potentially life - saving air conditioning, is more likely to fail precisely when it is most needed — when demand exceeds available supply.

Warmer temperatures mean less ice cover over waterways, and water evaporates more than ice will into the air.

The lapse rate (despite the temperature inversions near the surface at night and in the winter polar regions) insures that the radiation of the air absorbed by the surface is slightly less than the radiation of the surface absorbed by the air.

Hence less than 0.8 W / m ² radiated from the surface do no longer reach the cosmos [26] and are carried away by the evaporation associated with a minuscule temperature increase of the surface: for evaporation at +6 W / m ² / °C, the required temperature increase would be 0.13 °C spread over the 200 years it would take to double the CO2 content of the air at the rate of +2 ppm / year.

The land surface temperatures vary a lot more because air is less dense than water and lots of the air where the land surface temperatures are measured is less dense than sea level air.

The difference in trend between global SST and global land air temperature since 1976 does not appear to be significant, but the trend in NMAT (despite any residual data problems) does appear to be less than that in the land air temperature since 1976.

My bet is that the temperature variation is much less for climates with near saturated air than climates with very dry air.

Due to the much higher heat capacity of soil relative to air and the thermal insulation provided by vegetation and surface soil layers, seasonal changes in soil temperature deep in the ground are much less than and lag significantly behind seasonal changes in overlying air temperature.

Since common building materials like asphalt, steel, concrete, and brick retain more heat than vegetation, land development elevates surface and, to a lesser degree, air temperatures.

The statistical manipulation of raw measurement data of CO2 concentration in air from both within polar ice and atop a volcano in the middle of the pacific requires no less scrutiny by independent expert statisticians than the temperature analyses warranted.

«Over relatively short, non-climate timescales (less than 20 - 30 years), these patterns of natural variability can lead to all kinds of changes in global and regional near - surface air temperature: flat, increasing, or even decreasing trends,»

When temperature of the skin layer becomes higher than the temperature 5 cm below then we have the heat flow down (the daytime regime) while at night the temperature of the skin layer becomes less than that 5 cm below and the ocean loses energy to the air.

All that is needed is to add heat carried upwards past the denser atmosphere (and most CO2) by convection and the latent heat from water changing state (the majority of heat transport to the tropopause), the albedo effects of clouds, the inability of long wave «downwelling» (the blue balls) to warm water that makes up 2 / 3rds of the Earth's surface, and that due to huge differences in enthalpy dry air takes far less energy to warm than humid air so temperature is not a measure of atmospheric heat content.

By combining these two elements, VPD plots the unstable situation created when air holds less water vapor — or has a lower humidity — than is possible at a certain temperature.

Clouds make warmer nights because the clouds are usually warmer than the normal air temperature at that altitude and therefore the surface's rate of loss by radiation upward will be less leaving you with a warmer than normal night.

wayne said: Clouds make warmer nights because the clouds are usually warmer than the normal air temperature at that altitude and therefore the surface's rate of loss by radiation upward will be less leaving you with a warmer than normal night.

RealClimate is wonderful, and an excellent source of reliable information.As I've said before, methane is an extremely dangerous component to global warming.Comment # 20 is correct.There is a sharp melting point to frozen methane.A huge increase in the release of methane could happen within the next 50 years.At what point in the Earth's temperature rise and the rise of co2 would a huge methane melt occur?No one has answered that definitive issue.If I ask you all at what point would huge amounts of extra methane start melting, i.e at what temperature rise of the ocean near the Artic methane ice deposits would the methane melt, or at what point in the rise of co2 concentrations in the atmosphere would the methane melt, I believe that no one could currently tell me the actual answer as to where the sharp melting point exists.Of course, once that tipping point has been reached, and billions of tons of methane outgass from what had been locked stores of methane, locked away for an eternity, it is exactly the same as the burning of stored fossil fuels which have been stored for an eternity as well.And even though methane does not have as long a life as co2, while it is around in the air it can cause other tipping points, i.e. permafrost melting, to arrive much sooner.I will reiterate what I've said before on this and other sites.Methane is a hugely underreported, underestimated risk.How about RealClimate attempts to model exactly what would happen to other tipping points, such as the melting permafrost, if indeed a huge increase in the melting of the methal hydrate ice WERE to occur within the next 50 years.My amateur guess is that the huge, albeit temporary, increase in methane over even three or four decades might push other relevent tipping points to arrive much, much, sooner than they normally would, thereby vastly incresing negative feedback mechanisms.We KNOW that quick, huge, changes occured in the Earth's climate in the past.See other relevent posts in the past from Realclimate.Climate often does not change slowly, but undergoes huge, quick, changes periodically, due to negative feedbacks accumulating, and tipping the climate to a quick change.Why should the danger from huge potential methane releases be vievwed with any less trepidation?

The air particles speed up, in other words their temperature increases, the hotter air is less dense than colder air above and hence moves up (convection).

The deficiencies noted include the result in the semi-gray model of a surface air temperature less than the ground temperature.