Sentences with phrase «level cloud cover»

RSW reconstructed from increasing low - level cloud cover, if reliable, leads to an increase in net upward radiation at low latitudes.

«Global mean time series of surface - and satellite - observed low - level and total cloud cover exhibit very large discrepancies, however, implying that artifacts exist in one or both data sets... The surface - observed low - level cloud cover time series averaged over the global ocean appears suspicious because it reports a very large 5 % - sky - cover increase between 1952 and 1997.

Unfortunately observational low - level cloud cover data is somewhat lacking and even yields contradictory results.

So the jury is still out regarding whether or not there's a long - term trend in low - level cloud cover.

High - level cloud cover exhibited the least amount of valid correlation tests of any cloud cover altitude.

Cross correlation between (a) Low cloud cover anomalies versus mid-level cloud cover anomalies and (b) Low cloud cover anomalies versus high - level cloud cover anomalies.

Cross correlation coefficients between low - level cloud cover versus mid-level and high - level cloud cover are depicted in Figure 6.

The total cloud cover layer exhibits very similar patterns to low - level cloud cover.

As with low level and total level cloud cover, no variable achieves a valid correlation coefficient over the entire domain for high cloud cover.

However, the ENSO total cloud cover correlations more accurately reflect its mid-level and high - level cloud cover patterns for land, with a correlation coefficient of 0.135.

The IPCC acknowledges three potential drivers of climate change: (1) changes in incoming solar radiation (e.g. due to changes in the Earth's orbit or the Sun); (2) changes in reflected solar radiation (e.g. due to changes in low - level cloud cover); and (3) changes in outgoing longwave radiation (e.g. due to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations).

Empirical associations between solar - modulated cosmic ray ionization of the atmosphere and globally averaged low - level cloud cover remain ambiguous.

All of these features, as well as the cloud cover amount in the control simulation, presumably come into play when determining a model's particular low level cloud cover response.

One suggestion is that a warmer climate would have increased precipitation efficiency, causing more moisture to rain out, with less detrainment and a smaller area of upper - level cloud cover, limiting the positive longwave forcing (Lindzen et al. 2001).

High - level cloud cover in the tropics with significant optical thickness is predominantly associated with deep convection, and clouds of this nature play the second most important role in accounting for model differences (Webb et al. 2006).

Decreased low - level cloud cover in the Northeast Pacific region amplifies increases in sea surface temperatures.

Some studies have shown co-variation between GCR and low - level cloud cover using global satellite data over periods of typically 5 — 10 years (Marsh and Svensmark, 2000; http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.5004

Some studies have shown co-variation between GCR and low - level cloud cover using global satellite data over periods of typically 5 — 10 years (Marsh and Svensmark, 2000; Pallé Bagó and Butler, 2000).

The reduction in surface - observed upper - level cloud cover between the 1980s and 1990s is also consistent with the decadal increase in all - sky outgoing longwave radiation reported by the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS).

Although substantial interdecadal variability is present in the time series, long - term decreases in upper - level cloud cover occur over land and ocean at low and middle latitudes in both hemispheres.

«This study examines variability in zonal mean surface - observed upper - level (combined midlevel and high - level) and low - level cloud cover over land during 1971 — 1996 and over ocean during 1952 — 1997.

Discrepancies occur between time series of EECRA and ISCCP low - level cloud cover due to identified and probable artifacts in satellite and surface cloud data.

Consistency between EECRA upper - level cloud cover anomalies and those from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) during 1984 — 1997 suggests the surface - observed trends are real.

Under these conditions, low - level cloud cover and its reflection of solar radiation increase, despite an increase in global mean surface temperature.

«Global mean time series of surface - and satellite - observed low - level and total cloud cover exhibit very large discrepancies, however, implying that artifacts exist in one or both data sets... The surface - observed low - level cloud cover time series averaged over the global ocean appears suspicious because it reports a very large 5 % - sky - cover increase between 1952 and 1997.

They tend to believe that as the planet warms, low - level cloud cover will increase, thus increasing planetary albedo (overall reflectiveness of the Earth), offsetting the increased greenhouse effect and preventing a dangerous level of global warming from occurring.

However, radiation changes at the top of the atmosphere from the 1980s to 1990s, possibly related in part to the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, appear to be associated with reductions in tropical upper - level cloud cover, and are linked to changes in the energy budget at the surface and changes in observed ocean heat content.

Low - level clouds cover more than a quarter of the Earth's surface and exert a strong cooling effect.

Not exact matches

The 40 % shade level criteria of the 2010 version of the SAN Standard has proven to be a challenge in many coffee producing regions, especially areas with heavy cloud cover, high rainfall and high humidity.

Then he notes the wind, humidity, cloud cover, water level and rainfall.

The analysis of high - frequency surface air temperature, mean sea - level pressure, wind speed and direction and cloud - cover data from the solar eclipse of 20 March 2015 from the UK, Faroe Islands and Iceland, published today (Monday 22 August 2016), sheds new light on the phenomenon.

Unless low - level cloud albedo substantially decreased during this time period, the reduced solar absorption caused by the reported enhancement of cloud cover would have resulted in cooling of the climate system that is inconsistent with the observed temperature record.»

ONE perent change in cloud cover is about equivalent to doubling CO2 from pre-industrial levels.

«we estimate that less than 23 %, at the 95 % confidence level, of the 11 - year cycle changes in the globally averaged cloud cover observed in solar cycle 22 is due to the change in the rate of ionization from the solar modulation of cosmic rays.»

Photo pack — Colourful A4 poster pack showing key things related to the water cycle, such as sun, snow, rain, ocean etc Water cycle diagram to label and colour Several versions of images showing the complete water cycle with varying levels of difficulty Extra large images to make a full water cycle display — eg A4 size sun, clouds, rain drops, etc Fact cards — half 4 size with facts about water and the water cycle — great for reading or display Key word cards — half A4 size showing all words relating to the water cycle Water cycle booklet to complete Presentation to make with cue cards for pupils to complete Draw a water cycle worksheet Acrostic poem to complete True or false quiz Sentence writing sheet to summarise topic understanding Mind map Weather types matching cards to use as memory card game World map to demonstrate size of oceans Long banner to head display Extra large patterned lettering to head wall display (patterned with raindrops) 3 patterned and plain display borders Writing booklet cover to keep pupils project work together Writing border with water cycle image to use for generic writing tasks Word search Sack tag to keep resources organised

Weather wise outside this morning there was light cloud cover but that is starting to burn off now at 8.45 AM, The mercury is already sitting on 28 degree's Celsius with the Humidity level at 83 %.

For example, nearly all recent model intercomparisons show that AOGCMs poorly reproduce precipitation in 30 ° S - 30 ° N, they still diverge for cloud cover evolution at different levels of the vertical column, and I don't clearly understand for my part how we can speculate on long term trends of tropospheric T without a good understanding of these convection - condensation - precipitation process.

Others include, the role of the Sun (being the main heat source), the vast oceans which cover over 70 % of the Earth's surface (and the natural factors which determine the storage and release of CO2 back into the atmosphere), water - vapour being the dominant greenhouse gas comprising 98 % of the atmosphere, the important role of low - level clouds which is thought to be a major factor in determining the natural variation of climate temperatures (P.S. Significantly, computer - models are unable to replicate cloud - formation and coverage — which again — injects bias into model).

... Conclusions Since 1950, global average temperature anomalies have been driven firstly, from 1950 to 1987, by a sustained shift in ENSO conditions, by reductions in total cloud cover (1987 to late 1990s) and then a shift from low cloud to mid and high - level cloud, with both changes in cloud cover being very widespread.

Oh - and somethingi've just discovered via a discussion on another blog is galactic radiation levels - there's an inverse relationship between solar output and GRL's, which is interesting as GR affects cloud cover!

And how can sea level albedo increase with cloud - cover increasing above them?

The four primary climatic variables affecting North Cascade glaciers are ablation season temperature, accumulation season precipitation, summer cloud cover and May and October freezing levels (Tangborn, 1980; Pelto, 1988).

Sato et al 2018 suggest that the lower measured than calculated relationship between sulfate and cloud cover was the the result of poorly modeled cloud level evaporation and condensation.

The more recent investigation finds it to be nearer 39.5 SSN, but as you say, the value will shift around depending on length and provenance of sst dataset, cloud cover variation feedback to temperature and solar activity levels etc..

ONE perent change in cloud cover is about equivalent to doubling CO2 from pre-industrial levels.

It actually covers climate modeling, solar and atmospheric physics, temperature measurement, phenomena of clouds, precipitation, sea levels, and glaciology, as related to climate change.

If this happens during northern winter, surface pressure falls in the Arctic (rising AO) the night jet stalls, NOx injection falls away, stratospheric ozone levels increase, the coupled circulation is invigorated and pressure falls at 50 - 60 ° north and this is associated with cloud loss (when global cloud cover is at its maximum value) and a strong rise in global sea surface temperature.

I'll go out on a limb and speculate that cosmic rays might alter the vertical distribution of water droplets and shift cloud cover from high to low level while keeping shortwave albedo the same.

Of course, the authors also discuss the effects of terrestrial factors such as CO2 levels, cloud cover and rainfall.

The run of strong El Ninos that we have had since 1978 has diminished the level of humidity in the troposphere and with it cloud cover.