Not exact matches
A renowned campaigner against the rising
level of poverty in the U.S., his rivals were left speechless after the media reported that he had paid more than $ 400 on two separate
occasions for a trim at a popular Rodeo Drive salon.
What all this means,
of course, is that entrepreneurship has become an accepted occupational choice in the United States,
occasioning a continuing boom
of company building that fluctuates modestly with economic conditions but persists at a generally high
level.
I actually spoke to one
of the members
of the Board
of Governors, it was a social
occasion and I was kinda tweaking her a little bit and said «you guys are insolvent every now and then depending on the
level of interest rates because you have all these 10 - year notes,» and she said «no we're not.»
Income
levels are likely to affect whether wearing make - up is part
of the morning routine or saved for special
occasions.
The once - booming controversial financial sector, which has on many
occasions caught the ire
of regulators, appears to be showing distinct signs
of faltering as evidence mounts
of investors withdrawing from those savings products that once helped to bolster the shadow - banking sector to unprecedented, dangerous
levels of leverage.
As has been stated on a number
of occasions, the Bank intends to abstract from the price -
level effect
of the tax changes and will seek to ensure that ongoing inflation remains consistent with the target once the tax changes have been absorbed.
As it was mentioned earlier and on many different
occasions, the 61.8 %
level of retracement is obligatory in those kinds
of patterns and there are different types
of flat patterns and those types depend on the length
of the reversal or the length
of the retracement.
But it is consistent with Whitehead's statement elsewhere in Process and Reality that «agency belongs exclusively to actual
occasions» (PR 31/46) and it does circumvent the charge
of reductionism (atomism) which Ivor Leclerc and others have
leveled against Whitehead in the past (NPE 289 - 91; PN 118 - 22).4
And yet, with the emergence
of consciousness at the
level of regnant human
occasions, the struggle for justice becomes ingredient in the achievement
of the richest harmony
of experience attainable.
Subordinate nexus, on the other hand, are groups
of occasions whose character is derived exclusively from the role which they play in the structured society; hence, when and if that «
level of social order» dissolves, they, too, go out
of existence.
Gallagher, to be sure, thinks
of these other living
occasions as «subordinate nonconscious «living persons,»» (PS 4: 264), i.e., as strands
of living
occasions with a modest degree
of social order below the
level of consciousness.
Further, the transmission within the body is one which introduces increased emphasis from
occasion to
occasion as the experience rises to the
level of the final percipient, which we maintain need not be a member
of the dominant nexus.
What carries over from word to word is in part continuity
of a lower -
level set
of occasions in the «nonsocial» nexus.
Hence the act
of understanding language is partially a case
of high -
level conceptual
occasions, and partially one
of reiterative expectations.
The first description points to a
level of mental functioning in which bodily experience is merely registered without much enhancement
of the mental pole in the
occasions other than perhaps a general feeling tone; the second points to an habitual form
of bodily unity; and only the third suggests a flight from environmental obligations in the interest
of greater depth
of experience.
In his main work, Difference and Repetition (1968), he has shown why the conception
of concrete immediacy in and between
occasions must not be considered naive in a post-Hegelian sense, but post-Hegelian altogether.15 In order to achieve this aim, Deleuze replaces the categorization
of the world into the general and the individual in favor
of the distinction
of the universal and the singular.16 On the
level of abstraction, «mediation» describes the analysis
of that which is subjected to a «law.»
Corpuscular societies consisting
of low —
level occasions, such as rocks and billiard balls, display little originality, thereby providing ideal instances
of efficient causality for mechanistic science.
At the macroscopic
level societies
of occasions are preserved in their dominant patterns through adaptation to their environment.7 This adjustment is pursued ultimately not for its own sake, but for the sake
of providing a stable actual world in which the constituent
occasions may be nurtured toward the achievement
of greater intensities
of self - realization.
The evangelicals, who run through every denomination, are fun to hang out with on
occasion, but they anticipate a
level of enthusiasm out
of me that I just can't muster up every day — I am a person who is chipper some times and acerbic others; I can't handle being happy clappy all the time as some sort
of faith statement.
The principle is that in regard to the presentation
of subjective aims, God has to «speak» to each actual
occasion in its own «language,» that is, at its own
level, in a manner harmonious with the character
of the sort
of data which are in general operative in the aesthetic synthesis which is the concrescence
of the actual
occasion in question.
Such a miracle would involve the suspension
of the laws
of nature at the
level of primitive actual
occasions, but if we accept the principle that God «speaks» to a given actual
occasion in its own «language,» and if the «language»
of primitive actual
occasions in nature is such that the character
of the data available for aesthetic synthesis in the concrescence
of such
occasions admits only
of absolutely miniscule contrasts with the givenness
of the character
of the past, then God has no leverage via subjective aims to introduce shifts in the social structures conditioning the possibilities available for aesthetic synthesis in the concrescences
of such primitive actual
occasions.
We have already seen that Whitehead says that «in all probability» electrons and protons are structured societies — this warns us both that (1) he is not ready to die in the last ditch over this issue, but (2) he is pretty certain that at the
level of electrons and protons we have not yet gotten down to personally ordered, serial strands
of actual
occasions.
They open up the possibility for God to be related to the creation, and in this instance at the
level of human existence, in the light
of the new
occasion, by the responsiveness
of God to that event and by his employment
of that event to bestow upon his human children still further «graces and mercies».
But how this is a problem can be seen only after we first descend to the
level of an ordinary temporal
occasion, A, and ask how it can prehend a past
occasion, X, which is part
of A's actual world.
In a simple, unstructured environment oblique
occasions will offer no significant alternatives to the aim presented by the dominant past entity and concrescence will be essentially reiteration
of prior forms
of definiteness experience will be at the
level of what Whitehead calls, technically, physical purposes.
At the human
level, there is what we style «sin» — willful choice, with its consequences,
of that which is self - centered, regardless
of other
occasions, content to remain stuck in the present without concern for future possibilities — and this is an obstacle which is like an algebraic surd.
The building block electronic and protonic actual
occasions are, in the case
of human beings, swept into vastly more complex, Chinese box - like sets
of containing societies within which there are social
levels that can be identified with cells, others which answer to Aristotle's
levels of tissues and organs, and which finally are presided over by what Whitehead refers to as the regnant nexus, a social thread
of complex temporal inheritance which, Whitehead suggests, wanders from part to part
of the brain, is the seat
of conscious direction
of the organism as a whole, and answers to what in Plato and Aristotle is called the soul.
They also say, «Individual
occasions in God eventually lose their individuality as their experience
of the future fades into insignificance and they imperceptibly merge with the next lower
level... «7
At the molecular
level there are such actual
occasions moment by moment in the molecules
of the pen.
It differs, however, in distinguishing between mereological emergence in aggregational wholes, in which the emergent properties and causal powers are fully a function
of the properties and powers
of the parts» and the emergence
of regnant
occasions of experience in compound individuals, in which the higher -
level emergent exerts causality — both final and efficient —
of its own.
The panexperientialist version
of physicalism can affirm this belief because its «physical entities» are phyk4 - riseatd entities, and because there are various
levels of such entities, one
level of which is that
of the dominant
occasions of experience constituting the human mind.
Imagine the prehensive relations across
levels of a structured society in which presiding
occasions have durations a million times longer than do subordinate
occasions.
What I should claim, however, is that in a manner appropriate to the particular
level and in a fashion suitable for the particular
occasion, however «large» or «small», there is such «decision» as entails a «cutting off»
of this or that possibility for actualization and an «acceptance»
of this or that other possibility.
Even here his account indicates that he thought
of the dominant monads as spatially minuscule in extension rather than as spatially inclusive
of the
occasions at lower
levels.
I see no reason to insist upon this absolute difference, and could even suggest that at the highest
levels of their intellectual functioning human
occasions may be able to conceive possibilities directly.
The temptation to determinism in our thinking arises from the fact that the bulk
of nature, the mineral
level studied by geology, physics or inorganic chemistry is constituted by aggregates
of occasions so conforming to their past that any present state in this inert realm seems to be the purely passive recipient
of a series
of events leading up to it.
From the point
of view established in Process and Reality, if prehensions are attributed to organs and cells and molecules, then there are actual
occasions at these successive
levels.
Despite the indications, just noted, that there are
occasions at various
levels, such as subelectronic, electronic, and molecular, his most detailed analysis indicates that the larger units are societies
of mutually external smaller entities and do not have the unity
of actual
occasions.
In consequence we have a description
of the world that allows room for decisions made by particular «
occasions» or moments — and these decisions, whether at the conscious
level in man or at lower or nonconscious
levels elsewhere, make a difference.
This is because there is no one series
of higher -
level actualities («dominant
occasions») within the society which can coordinate the activities
of the myriad members.
But that kind
of intimacy between different societies
of actual
occasions, one
of which is scaled up to the divine
level, seem counter-intuitive.
Despite Hall's appeal to the Whiteheadian separation
of «practical» and «speculative» reason, 11 I think that on a more fundamental
level Whitehead too regards knowing (or more broadly the relation
of any actual
occasion to its «environment») as an active process in which the aim
of the subject at its own attainment
of value partially determines how it will respond to the objects
of which it is aware.
When John Cobb suggested that a chemical molecule might properly be regarded as an «enduring object» (CNT 89), Donald Sherburne rejected the idea, maintaining that «electrons and protons are structured societies» and stating that it was Whitehead's opinion that «at the
level of electrons and protons we have not yet gotten down to personally - ordered strands
of actual
occasions» (PPCT 89).
The objective possibilities for the
occasion's self - constitution are already present in the field; God's role is to make clear on a feeling -
level which
of those possibilities are to be preferred and in what order.6
God, in other words, is communicating with the actual
occasion in its process
of self - constitution through a feeling -
level evaluation
of the de facto situation in which the
occasion finds itself.
Even at «this
level the actual
occasion, which is the smallest reality considered in process thought, is the unity
of many prehensions.
Whitehead finds subjectivity in all
occasions, placing the basic elements
of existence in molecules and mountains in the same sense that Sartre or Merleau - Ponty attribute it to men and women — in the sense that there is a trivial but true
level of subjectivity,
of feeling,
of decision, in all
occasions.
When, therefore, God passes his judgment, it is on the
occasion of this social choice, but at the
level of its deepest motive (the attitude to God) and not the more superficial and secondary ethical motive.
When one entity causally influences another at the fundamental
level of cosmic occurrence, it does so by perishing and handing itself over as an objective datum to be appropriated in an indeterminate way by subsequent
occasions.
Beginning with the lowest
level, there are societies
of electrons, and there are the
occasions in cellular «empty space» which account for the life
of the body.