Sentences with phrase «level radiation effects»

These include adequate uranium supply (probably necessitating immense uranium strip mines in Tennessee), almost inconceivable reactor and waste - transport accidents, low - level radiation effects from normal plant operations, and the burden of guarding both radioactive waste and outdated but radioactive nuclear plants for thousands of years.

Not exact matches

Modifying the vegetation cover alters the surface properties — such as the amount of heat dissipated by water evaporation and the level of radiation reflected back into space — which has a knock - on effect on local surface temperature.

As a result, several thousand of Fukushima's 2 million residents have been thrust into the middle of a vigorous scientific debate about the health effects of long - term exposure to low levels of radiation.

But the health effects of chronic low - level radiation exposure over years or decades are far from clear.

One real effect of the radioactive contamination is the gnawing fear — groundless or not — that low levels of radiation could harm their children.

Many who study radiation's effects on the cellular level prefer to err on the side of caution.

An international team led by researchers at Nagoya University, along with US and Swiss colleagues, has identified a new type of solar event and dated it to the year 5480 BC; they did this by measuring carbon - 14 levels in tree rings, which reflect the effects of cosmic radiation on the atmosphere at the time.

Dong has worked with SpaceX and Boeing in the past to test the effect radiation has on electronics and the recovery software necessary to make sure those devices work when exposed to space - like levels.

The problem with studying the effects of this fallout is that the world is bathed with naturally occurring low - level radiation, with sources ranging from long - distance air travel to plasma televisions.

For example, he says, the cosmic ray effect could explain why CFC and ozone levels decline during the Antarctic winter, when ultraviolet radiation is scarce.

Plant workers are being exposed to much higher levels of radiation than the general population, and will be monitored for long - term health effects.

eBM models organ - level marrow toxicity responses and protective effects of radiation countermeasure drugs, whereas conventional bone marrow culture methods do not.

She educates about the health effects of wireless radiation, the impending cancer tsunami and PEMF (pulsed electromagnetic fields) that restore human health on the cellular level.

Reducing heavy metal levels can also help minimize the destructive effects and symptoms of artificial EMFs (a form of radiation exposure), produced by cell phones, laptops, cell phone towers and Wi - Fi networks.

A multi-center study of German breast cancer patients showed that IV therapy alongside chemo and radiation keeps vitamin C levels where they should be and counteracts the oxidative stress that cancer treatments cause, reducing side effects and enhancing quality of life during and after treatment.

The United Nations organizations (WHO, IAEA, UNWTO, WMO, IMO, ICAO, ILO) closely monitoring the effects of the damaged Fukushima Daiichi plant remain confident that radiation levels do not present health or transportation safety hazards to passengers and crew.

The warming trends in looking at numerous 100 year temperature plots from northern and high elevation climate stations... i.e. warming trends in annual mean and minimum temperature averages, winter monthly means and minimums and especially winter minimum temperatures and dewpoints... indicate climate warming that is being driven by the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere — no visible effects from other things like changes in solar radiation or the levels of cosmic rays.

Adding CO2 increases the height distribution from where radiation can escape to space, so the Earth looks colder to space at wavelengths where the effect is not already saturated at the tropopause level.

I got mixed up and made it sound as if the increase in downward radiation subtracted from the effect of decreased upward radiation, but the opposite is of course true — both effects contribute to a decrease in the net upward radiation at the tropopause level.

The downward radiation to the surface increases mainly because the low level air temperature increases, not because of the direct effect of increased CO2 in the air.

The reduction in CO2 - cooling (of a layer between TOA and some other level) assumes the increased downward emission at the base of the layer from the non-CO2 absorber within the layer is greater than the decreased OLR at TOA, which is the absorption of radiation from below the layer minus the emission from the layer reaching TOA (refering to the «baseline effects» that would remain if the preexisting CO2 were removed).

The effect where, adding a «new» absorption band and increasing the absorption, there may initially be warming of the colder layers, etc, followed by a stage of upper level or near - TOA cooling — this includes the warming from absorption from increased radiation from the surface + troposphere — which will be greater when more of the spectrum, especially near wavelengths where the emitted spectral flux change is greatest, has a greater amount of absorption.

There is non-radiative heat flux in the atmosphere though and energy can be transported above the level where the greenhouse effect is dominant but eventually must be lost by thermal radiation.

The levels of exposure to radiation following the leaks and explosions at the earthquake - damaged Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station in 2011 were so low that they led today to this important conclusion from experts convened in Vienna by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation:

Special health examinations will be given to workers with exposures above 100 mSv including annual monitoring of the thyroid, stomach, large intestine and lung for cancer as a means to monitor for potential late radiation - related health effects at the individual level.

Opposition to Smart Meters runs high — any health problem experienced by Liberals here seems to attach itself to the ill effects of low - level radiation immediately.

The casual disregard of the internal variations / cycles and the «elmination» of any external factors (galactic radiation effects are a very very interesting for me at the moment - especially due to the inverse relationship with solar output) disguise the level of ignorance that we have about the climate as a whole.

Downwelling long - wave infrared (LWIR) radiation (DLR) is supposed to increase evaporation and evapotranspiration according to AGW due to increasing GHG effect from CO2 levels.

The cryosphere derives its importance to the climate system from a variety of effects, including its high reflectivity (albedo) for solar radiation, its low thermal conductivity, its large thermal inertia, its potential for affecting ocean circulation (through exchange of freshwater and heat) and atmospheric circulation (through topographic changes), its large potential for affecting sea level (through growth and melt of land ice), and its potential for affecting greenhouse gases (through changes in permafrost)(Chapter 4).

52 • Immune system suppression Natural Capital Degradation Effects of Ozone Depletion Human Health • Worse sunburn • More eye cataracts • More skin cancers • Immune system suppression Food and Forests • Reduced yields for some crops • Reduced seafood supplies from reduced phytoplankton • Decreased forest productivity for UV - sensitive tree species Wildlife • Increased eye cataracts in some species • Decreased population of aquatic species sensitive to UV radiation • Reduced population of surface phytoplankton • Disrupted aquatic food webs from reduced phytoplankton Figure 20.21 Natural capital degradation: expected effects of decreased levels of ozone in the stratosphere.

As more water vapor enters the atmosphere, that in turn absorbs more SW radiation, and, as this recent MIT study has shown, we might actually see that we have a seemingly paradoxical effect of the bulk of the warming then being in the SW, even as net LW actually increases with increasing GH gas levels:

Then that state of thermodynamic equilibrium acquires a reduced gradient due to the temperature levelling effect of inter-molecular radiation and other radiation associated with those molecules.

However, radiating molecules do radiate to each other and have a temperature levelling effect that means that the overall state of thermodynamic equilibrium (taking this radiation into account) has a less steep gradient.

«This H2O negative - feedback effect on CO2 is ignored in models that assume that warm moist air does not rise and form sunlight - reflecting clouds, but remains as humid air near sea level, absorbing infrared radiation from the sun, and approximately doubling the temperature rises predicted from atmospheric CO2 increases.

However, even though surface temperatures of land and ocean may experience feedback effects, there are few possible feedbacks posited for the level of the atmosphere where the net radiation to space takes place, and this means that the 1.2 degrees C heating effect must be absorbed within the boundaries of the atmosphere somewhere.

There is no «safe» level for exposure to ionising radiation — just a level at which the effects are equal to natural the background level.

But, were the Sun's activity and total radiation to drop in the coming century to levels of the Maunder Minimum, solar effects might reduce the expected surface temperature effects of enhanced greenhouse warming — by at most about 0.5 °C.

60 • Immune system suppression Natural Capital Degradation Effects of Ozone Depletion Human Health • Worse sunburn • More eye cataracts • More skin cancers • Immune system suppression Food and Forests • Reduced yields for some crops • Reduced seafood supplies from reduced phytoplankton • Decreased forest productivity for UV - sensitive tree species Wildlife • Increased eye cataracts in some species • Decreased population of aquatic species sensitive to UV radiation • Reduced population of surface phytoplankton Figure 20.21 Natural capital degradation: expected effects of decreased levels of ozone in the stratosphere.

If you bothered to read my book, you would see that I am saying that there is already enough CO2 in the atmosphere to absorb all the IR radiation that it can absorb, i.e., increasing the level of CO2 will have little effect.

He was right about so many things — the background nineteenth - century CO2 concentration level and its increase over the twentieth century; the importance of high - quality temperature data and the warming trend observed over much of his lifetime; the infrared spectroscopy of CO2 and its effect on «sky radiation»; and more.

There is no consistent evidence of human health effects from exposure to extremely low - frequency electromagnetic radiation at much higher levels than is present near wind farms.

We use the 9 climate variables of surface air temperature (SAT), sea level pressure (SLP), precipitation (rain), the top of atmosphere (TOA) shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) full - sky radiation, clear - sky radiation (CLR, radiative flux where clouds do not exists), and cloud radiative forcing (CRF, radiative effect by clouds diagnosed from the difference between full - sky and clear - sky radiation, Cess et al. 1990).