Sentences with phrase «levels of problem behaviours»

In the Raine Study sample, children who experienced adverse prenatal environments experienced increased levels of problem behaviours in childhood, and more problematic mental health trajectories.

For example, it is clear that effortful control is linked to positive development, even in the first five years of life, since it has been associated with lower levels of problem behaviours and has been found to correlate with and predict low levels of negative emotion, highly committed compliance, high levels of social competence, and conscience.

Mothers» current or recent welfare participation is linked with poor cognitive achievement, and preschoolers of recent welfare leavers have the most elevated levels of problem behaviour.

Not exact matches

That shows a huge level of biblical illiteracy among folks out there who don't have a problem with that or who wouldn't see that as questionable behaviour.

A substantial body of research now indicates that high levels of involvement by fathers in two parent families are associated with a range of desirable outcomes in children and young people, including: better peer relationships; fewer behaviour problems; lower criminality and substance abuse; higher educational / occupational mobility, relative to that of parents; capacity for empathy; non-traditional attitudes to earning and childcare; more satisfying adult sexual partnerships; and higher self - esteem and life - satisfaction (for reviews see Flouri 2005; Pleck and Masciadrelli 2004).

For example, when a father is involved in low - level antisocial behaviour, his child will exhibit more conduct problems if s / he doesn't live with him than if s / he does; when the father is engaged in high levels of antisocial behaviour, the child who lives with him will exhibit more conduct problems than the child who lives in another household (Jaffee et al 2003, cited by Flouri 2005).

Low family income during the early childhood has been linked to comparatively less secure attachment, 4 higher levels of negative moods and inattention, 5 as well as lower levels of prosocial behaviour in children.2 The link between low family income and young children's problem behaviour has been replicated across several datasets with different outcome measures, including parental reports of externalizing and internalizing behaviours,1 - 3, 7 -9,11-12 teacher reports of preschool behavioural problems, 10 and assessments of children based on clinical diagnostic interviews.7

Finally, a Finnish trial of universal home visiting by nurses35 and two U.S. programs implemented by master's degree - level mental health or developmental clinicians have found significant effects on a number of important child behavioural problems.36, 37 Additionally, a paraprofessional home visitation program found effects on externalizing and internalizing behaviours at child age 2; however due to the large number of effects measured in this study, replication of the findings is warranted.38

The psychosocial outcome receiving the most attention from researchers is problem behaviour, with most studies finding perceived negative reactivity in infancy to predict problem behaviour in childhood33, 34 and adolescent.35 Specifically, infants prone to high levels of fear, frustration, and sadness, as well as difficulty recovering from such distress, were found to be at increased risk for internalizing and externalizing problem behaviours according to parental and / or teacher report.

He suggested that despite high levels of concern about the problem anti-social behaviour does not have the same status in police officers» minds as «crime».

Mr Coussens says for some years, clinicians had thought that behaviour problems seen in children with sleep - related breathing problems - like sleep apnoea (stopping breathing briefly while sleeping)- were related to a desaturation of blood oxygen levels.

Summer - born children were perceived by teachers to have lower levels of language ability and have more instances of behaviour problems.

Job demands on principals have increased, staff and student mental health issues are on the rise and unacceptable levels of offensive behaviour, bullying and violence are often part of the growing problem.

For example, compared to controls at post-test, pupils in SEL programmes demonstrated superior SEL skills and prosocial attitudes, higher levels of prosocial behaviour, reduced levels of conduct problems and emotional distress, and enhanced academic performance including up to an 11 percentile gain in school achievement.

A study from 2004 showed that dogs trained with more rewards showed higher levels of obedience, and that dogs trained with more punishment exhibited more problem behaviours.

Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine: Evaluation of Plasma Cortisol Levels and Behavior in Dogs Wearing Bark Control Collar Animal Behavior Resources Institute: AVSAB Guidelines: The Use of Punishment for Dealing with Animal Behavior Problems The Humane Society of the United States: Dog Collarshttp: / / www.humanesociety.org/animals/dogs/tips/collars.html University of Bristol Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Anthrozoology Institute: Dog Training Methods: Their Use, Effectiveness and Interaction With Behaviour and Welfare

From the point of view of the children of separating families, the costs of conflict can include: impaired brain development; higher incidences of truancy and delinquency, alcohol and drug use and other maladaptive behaviours; higher levels of stress and psychological disorder; and, in their lives as adults, problems forming stable, trusting relationships and dispute resolution strategies modelled on their parents» approaches.

The highest level is for parents of children with concurrent child behaviour problems and family dysfunction such as relationship conflict.

A total difficulties score ranging from 0 to 40 was derived by summing all subscales excluding prosocial behaviours.16 Total difficulties scores are considered to provide an indicator of level of risk for emotional or behavioural problems.

Most adolescents (69.8 %) continued to meet full criteria for ADHD, were known to specialist services and exhibited high levels of antisocial behaviour, criminal activity and substance use problems.

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Low family income during the early childhood has been linked to comparatively less secure attachment, 4 higher levels of negative moods and inattention, 5 as well as lower levels of prosocial behaviour in children.2 The link between low family income and young children's problem behaviour has been replicated across several datasets with different outcome measures, including parental reports of externalizing and internalizing behaviours,1 - 3, 7 -9,11-12 teacher reports of preschool behavioural problems, 10 and assessments of children based on clinical diagnostic interviews.7

Clear policies and guidelines will help to shift the focus away from reacting to individual incidents on the level of personal problems and behaviour to preventing them from happening on a systemic level by addressing the context that allows those incidents to happen.

The families who consented to enter the trial were representative of eligible families from a socioeconomic point of view and they were also more likely to have a child with clinical level behaviour problems than were those who refused.

«The review showed there are strong and consistent relationships between racial discrimination and a range of detrimental health outcomes such as low self - esteem, reduced resilience, increased behaviour problems and lower levels of wellbeing.»

Enhanced Triple P (Level 5) Parents of children with concurrent child behaviour problems and family dysfunction such as parental depression or stress or conflict between partners.

Health service resources spent on children with conduct disorder are considerable: 30 % of child consultations with general practitioners are for behaviour problems, 8 and 45 % of community child health referrals are for behaviour disturbances - with an even higher level at schools for children with special needs and in clinics for children with developmental delay, where challenging behaviour is a common problem.9 Psychiatric disorders are present in 28 % of paediatric outpatient referrals.10 Social services departments expend a lot of effort trying to protect disruptive children whose parents can no longer cope without hitting or abusing them.

The remaining participants were divided into three mutually exclusive subgroups, reflecting different levels of severity of childhood antisocial behaviour: no behavioural or emotional problems on screening or parental interview; high scores on screening, with a predominance of antisocial problems but no disorder on parental interview; and high scores on screening, with a diagnosis of conduct disorder on parental interview (table 1).

[3] We now know that negative, inconsistent parental behaviour in families with high levels of adversity are associated with emergence of problems in early childhood and later life.

In addition, child maltreatment has been shown to have lifelong adverse health, social, and economic consequences for survivors, including behavioural problems; increased risk of delinquency, criminality and violent behaviour; increased risk of chronic diseases; lasting impacts or disability from physical injury; reduced health - related quality of life; and lower levels of economic well - being.

At a scientific level, comparability across studies is critical and requires clear definitions of severe problem behaviour.

Two posthoc tests of interaction provided no evidence of differential effects of intervention on externalising or internalising behaviour problems by preintervention risk based on (1) a maternal mental health problem (clinical - level depression, anxiety or stress) or (2) infant difficult temperament.

If, for example, child behaviour problems explain heightened levels of psychological distress and coping strategies explain or contribute to resilience, then interventions that effectively ameliorate behaviour problems and / or equip parents with effective coping strategies should reduce psychological distress and family dysfunction.

A key research finding is that (a) children with ID are more likely to exhibit internalising and externalising behaviour problems in comparison with typically developing children, and (b) in the absence of significant child behaviour problems, parents of children with ID do not, on average, report heightened levels of distress [4 •, 16, 27, 28].

This hypothesis was well supported: Families with high levels of social support and low levels of financial hardship typically enjoyed average or above average family life congruence even when the number and intensity of child behaviour problems were high.

The observation that the level of interest in attending programmes was predicted, not by social class, but by the presence of behaviour problems, suggests that a universal programme would preferentially attract many of the parents most in need.

We have investigated the extent to which interest in attending parenting programmes is determined by factors such as socioeconomic status, educational level, and the presence of behaviour problems among the children, in a survey of a representative sample of parents of 2 — 8 year olds in Oxford.

This pathway is characterized by three elements: the onset of conduct problems (such as developmentally excessive levels of aggression, noncompliance, and other oppositional behaviour) in the preschool and early school - age years; a high degree of continuity throughout childhood and into adolescence and adulthood; and a poor prognosis.1, 2 The most comprehensive family - based formulation for the early - starter pathway has been the coercion model developed by Patterson and his colleagues.3, 4 The model describes a process of «basic training» in conduct - problem behaviours that occurs in the context of an escalating cycle of coercive parent - child interactions in the home, beginning prior to school entry.

In 2001 PTUK introduced the «Spectrum of Needs» and «Therapeutic Play Continuum» concepts that recognise that children have a wide range of emotional, behaviour and mental health problems and that professionals with a variety of interventions and skill levels can safely and effectively alleviate these conditions.

Children who have disorganized attachment with their primary attachment figure have been shown to be vulnerable to stress, have problems with regulation and control of negative emotions, and display oppositional, hostile - aggressive behaviours, and coercive styles of interaction.2, 3 They may exhibit low self - esteem, internalizing and externalizing problems in the early school years, poor peer interactions, unusual or bizarre behaviour in the classroom, high teacher ratings of dissociative behaviour and internalizing symptoms in middle childhood, high levels of teacher - rated social and behavioural difficulties in class, low mathematics attainment, and impaired formal operational skills.3 They may show high levels of overall psychopathology at 17 years.3 Disorganized attachment with a primary attachment figure is over-represented in groups of children with clinical problems and those who are victims of maltreatment.1, 2,3 A majority of children with early disorganized attachment with their primary attachment figure during infancy go on to develop significant social and emotional maladjustment and psychopathology.3, 4 Thus, an attachment - based intervention should focus on preventing and / or reducing disorganized attachment.

Studies demonstrating the efficacy of PMT interventions show improvements in parental perceptions and parenting skills, improvements in children's social skills and school adjustment, and reductions in behaviour and attention problems.66, 67 PMT interventions are associated with large effect sizes, 68 the effects often generalize to a variety of home and community settings, 69,70 they are maintained over time, 71 and are associated with high levels of consumer satisfaction.72 PMT has been successfully used with two - biological - parent families, step - parents and single parents.

From a socio - cultural viewpoint, cognitively responsive behaviours (e.g. maintaining versus redirecting interests, rich verbal input) are thought to facilitate higher levels of learning because they provide a structure or scaffold for the young child's immature skills, such as developing attentional and cognitive capacities.9 Responsive behaviours in this framework promote joint engagement and reciprocity in the parent - child interaction and help a child learn to assume a more active and ultimately independent role in the learning process.10 Responsive support for the child to become actively engaged in solving problems is often referred to as parental scaffolding, and is also thought to be key for facilitating children's development of self - regulation and executive function skills, behaviours that allow the child to ultimately assume responsibility for their well - being.11, 12

16 Parental knowledge is thought to provide a global cognitive organization for adapting to or anticipating developmental changes in children.17 Mothers who are knowledgeable respond more sensitively to their child's initiations, 18 while mothers with inaccurate expectations about their child's development tend to be more harsh.19, 20,21 Studies have indicated that when mothers have higher knowledge of infant and child development, they show higher levels of parenting skills, 16,22,23 their children have higher cognitive skills, 16,24 and there are fewer child behaviour problems.16 Furthermore, a positive association has been found between parental self - efficacy and parenting competence when knowledge of child development is high.

Although the results of earlier studies are somewhat inconsistent, there is empirical evidence for elevated levels of both internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems in children of PPD mothers [15, 38, 39, 40].

A systematic review of neighbourhood characteristics and health outcomes only identified one study that considered mental disorders.12, 13 Recent studies have shown that neighbourhood social disorganisation is associated with depressive symptoms14 and that living in socioeconomically deprived areas is associated with depression, 15,16 with higher levels of child problem behaviour, 17 with a higher incidence of non-psychotic disorders.18 A randomised controlled trial that moved families from high poverty neighbourhoods to non-poor neighbourhoods showed that both parents and children who moved reported fewer psychological distress symptoms than did control families who did not move.19

This study also demonstrated that within a sample of children with antisocial behaviour problems there is a relationship between CU traits and peripheral serotonin levels that is independent from antisocial behaviour severity.

Participants were a subset of a larger sample who met formal criteria for: 1) DSM - IV diagnosis [40] of antisocial behaviour problems (ODD or CD) using DISCAP structured interview [41]; 2) aged from 3 — 16 years for the genetic sample (M = 7.61, SD = 3.12) and aged 4 — 12 years for the serum sample (M = 6.89, SD = 2.25); 3) no major neurological / physical illness; 4) IQ > 75; 5) have at least one set of measures of serotonin system SNPs or serum serotonin levels; 6) all known (at least 3) grandparents of Caucasian background (for participants included in the genetics sample); 7) provided written parental consent.

Our findings were mostly in agreement with a dose response relationship, in which increasing levels of difficult temperament and behaviour problems in early childhood are associated with increasing severity (frequency and persistence) of bedwetting.

This paper reports on the effects of the mindfulness intervention provided for mothers (Stage 1) and children (Stage 2) as demonstrated by the level of mindfulness, parenting stress, and family quality of life for mothers, and problem behaviours for children.

Participants completed a series of gambling vignettes designed to elicit data on reported bet size according to different prize levels and debt sizes; the Eysenck Impulsivity Scale (Eysenck and Eysenck 1977); the Canadian Problem Gambling Index; and an author - constructed questionnaire eliciting data on demographic and gambling behaviours.