«Research» must be given a large and
liberal interpretation in order to ensure that users» rights are not unduly constrained.
Their reasoning that «research» must be given a large and
liberal interpretation in order to ensure that users» rights are not unduly constrained should equally apply to the other categories (private study, criticism, review, news reporting).
The Court began its analysis by noting that the standard of review of jury verdicts is «exceptionally high» and that a jury's verdict is entitled to a «fair and
liberal interpretation in light of the evidence and of the circumstances».
Not exact matches
Whether one views constitutional
interpretation as grounded
in a theory of original meaning or the traditional
liberal theory of judicial restraint and neutral principles, the distinctive nature of this approach is that it is legal
in nature.
Putting this
in the most politic light possible, the National
Liberal League resolved that «the Christian or anti-Christian character of this movement is solely a question of private
interpretation.»
First, our
interpretations (regardless of whether fundamentalist, conservative, moderate,
liberal or whatever) are not necessarily correct; we all have feet of clay, but
in the synthesis of give - and - take, truth often emerges.
hey G, I am acquainted with your theory there... it is called Preterism... it is the standard
interpretation of Revelation given by
liberals... I walked away from that belief and the church I was raised
in when I found out what they are teaching... Nope, the book of revelation is not a «code» for the events of the day at the time of the fall of Jerusalem.
During the periods of eclipse, however, Muslims adhered to texts
in their
liberal form and closed the door against rational
interpretation — ijtihad —
in the fundamentals and the consequences of the Faith.
When President Bush nominated Judge Clarence Thomas to a vacancy on the United States Supreme Court,
liberals opposed to confirming the nomination at first directed critical scrutiny to statements the nominee had made
in favor of employing «natural law»
in constitutional
interpretation.
Valuable
interpretation in John E. Smith, Royce's Social Infinite (New York:
Liberals Arts Press, 1950).
Others among the Sufis held fast to shari`a, but understood it
in ways which were much wider and more
liberal than the
interpretation of the orthodox, looking upon the law as either a system of self - discipline or as a set of symbols representing hidden religious meanings.
This is shown by the popularity of Adolf von Harnack's lectures of 1900, The Essence of Christianity,
in which he presented the most
liberal interpretation of Christian thought to date.
If the left insists on the
liberal interpretation of our constitutional and political institutions
in an uncompromising effort to defend the ever - expanding role of the state to secure the practical liberty of individuals, the right defends the free - market system and uncompromisingly rejects any restraint on the unfettered economic choices of individuals.
Therefore, after our imaginative
interpretations are made with vigor
in dispute with others
in the church, we must regularly, gracefully and with modesty fall back from our best extrapolations to the sure apostolic claims that lie behind our extremities of imagination,
liberal or conservative.
Every ideological passion,
liberal or conservative, may be encased
in scripture itself or enshrined
in longstanding
interpretation until it is regarded as absolute and trusted as decisive authority.
God is still sovereign even
in the science of biblical
interpretation, and both
liberal and conservative exegetes need to acknowledge this anew.
He is editor - elect of Religious Education, editor of Philosophy of Education 1992, and the author of numerous articles, including «Science and Spirituality: Tradition and
Interpretation in Liberal Education,» which will appear
in Curriculum Inquiry.
The
liberal interpretation of the Gospel rarely did justice to the place of the divine forgiveness
in human life.
Nevertheless,
in spite of the
interpretations offered by
liberal thought, ancient or modern, the doctrine of divine choice did
in actuality work out as a prolific source of national arrogance.
For my part I have been very much taken with — I should say, won over by — the eschatological
interpretation that Jurgen Moltmann gives to the Christian kerygma
in his work The Theology of Hope.1 As we know, Johannes Weiss and Albert Schweitzer are at the origin of the reinterpretation of the whole of the New Testament, starting with the preaching of the Kingdom of God and of the last things and breaking with the moralizing Christ of the
liberal exegetes.
If we now can go this far
in discovering within the actual orders of our life the saving work of God we may seem to be returning to the
liberal interpretation of the coming of the Kingdom of God on earth.
Though nothing new is here, the discussion of questions of context (
liberal, modern, neo-orthodox; ecumenical, realist, biblical), texts and contexts (matters of biblical
interpretation) and the way
in which Christian affirmations are appropriately translated into particular settings is stimulating.
This type of
interpretation starts with Schleiermacher, the father of modern
liberal theology,
in the early part of the nineteenth century.
Moreover, he shares the
liberal concern that interpreters of the Bible should be
in dialogue with all that has gone on
in «the great romance of culture «13 and all that is happening
in contemporary experience,
in Ricoeur's hands
interpretation is always confronted with the perspective of «counter disciplines»: physiology, psychoanalysis sociology, anthropology, linguistics, the history of philosophy.
Actually these figures are high since the census bureau was very
liberal in its
interpretation of the meaning of college or seminary.35
The
liberal interpretation does not favour the use of preferential measures («positive discrimination»)
in situations of social inequality.
Their approval or disapproval alone distinguished their otherwise parallel
interpretations of the course of modern history since the Renaissance, for the
liberals ascribed all virtue to
liberal Christianity and all vice to authoritarian Catholicism while their ultra-conservative colleagues
in debate simply reversed the order.
Here we can not go into the analyses of each of these trends or the adequacy of Ferré's
interpretation of the recent trends
in American theology, except to say that theologians of different persuasions, with the possible exception of the so - called
liberals, while recognizing the usefulness of the history of religions, nevertheless agree with Professor Hendrik Kraemer
in stating that only theology «is able to produce that attitude of freedom of the spirit and of impartial understanding, combined with a criticism and evaluation transcending all imprisonment
in preconceived ideas and principles as ultimate standards of reference.»
But the meaning of the parable is,
in fact, not difficult to grasp, once we banish from our minds the varied
interpretations known to us, from early Christian allegorizing to the «parables of growth»
interpretation of
liberal theology.
While Western - type
liberal democracies remain one of the most effective and tested forms of government
in history, what is needed, globally, is not necessarily a transition to
liberal democracy but rather a more careful consideration of the fundamental human quest for dignity, which often bears
interpretations that are «endogenous» and adapted to various socio - cultural settings.
But sources told DNAinfo New York that even a
liberal interpretation of the law did not provide Schneiderman will the grounds to step
in.
«Either he had a miraculous recovery or it's a symbol of a very
liberal interpretation of a disability
in the Fire Department pension system.»
These include the need for a purposively broad,
liberal and benevolent
interpretation of the Constitution as a whole, so far as the language of the constitution would admit, having due regard to the underlying values and principles that need to be promoted to safeguarded our system of participatory democracy, the principle that the constitution is a document sui generis, and allied to this, the principle that the constitution must be interpreted
in the light of its own words, and not words found
in some other written constitution» (Writ No: JI / 15/2015 [unreported] pages 23 & 24).
It has been just six months since the general election and the creation of a coalition government that will profoundly change the way
in which we live - and already we are being offered a jabber of competing
interpretations of what happened during those five days of talks between the
Liberal Democrats and the Conservatives and the Lib Dems and Labour.
(On the other hand, the figures were, as Stanley Temple has said, «not actual data» [6]
in the first place, so I suppose that does allow for some rather
liberal interpretation.)
This early on
in its lifecycle it's hard to say which modes will end up being the most common, but right now it seems that developers are taking a
liberal interpretation of what «Xbox One X enhanced» actually means.
Each project questions the formalist and invariable
interpretations of the Qu» ran prevalent
in the Saudi judicial systems that sit opposed to more
liberal undercurrents within contemporary Saudi society.
Does the
liberal mixing of their paintings
in the exhibition influence viewer's
interpretation of the art?
As the New York Times explains, you're going to have to be a little bit
liberal with your
interpretation of «costs» to include things like the economic value of improved human health from cleaner air — invaluable, to some, but not exactly the sort of thing the fossil fuel industry includes
in its bottom line.
Although the Court of Appeal shared the sympathies which Mr Justice McCombe had previously expressed for police officers «who have to confront day
in and day out the realities of life rather than the black letter law which this court has to apply» (see Bonner v DPP [2004] EWHC 2415 (Admin), [2004] All ER (D) 74 (Oct)-RRB-, it recognised, as indeed it must, that if the law were to be changed, it was to be achieved by Parliament using the legislative process rather than by the courts according the statutory provision a «
liberal» (or illiberal)
interpretation.
As this provision triggers a substantial monetary penalty, we must guard against a
liberal interpretation that extends the scope of the essential elements, which are already quite broad, given the fact that the person who has committed the violation has absolute liability, that the prosecutor has a considerably reduced burden of proof and that the person who has committed a violation risks higher penalties
in the event of a subsequent violation (see sections 5 and 6 and Schedule 3 of the AMPs Regulations).
A review of the long line of Supreme Court decisions descending from Chief Justice Dickson's and Mr. Justice LaForest's decision
in Sparrow
in 1990 shows a Court that began its consideration of these matters by describing s. 35 (1) «as a promise» and that promises needed to be considered with a
liberal and generous purposive
interpretation.
The court accepted that the notion of substantive proceedings may have to be given a
liberal interpretation to ensure international judicial co-operation, but, on any view, however
liberal, the New York proceedings were directed solely at assets
in New York, and proceedings
in England directed at assets
in England can not be ancillary to such New York proceedings; they are parallel.
The Privy Council
in Edwards accepted the Lambe proposition as being generally valid, but added that the BNA Act should not be construed strictly, as penal or tax statutes are, and should instead be given a
liberal interpretation since it was «passed to ensure the peace, order and good government of a British Colony.»
In Kazakewich v. Kazakewich, [1936] A.J. No. 10 (C.A.), the Alberta Court of Appeal summed up the ratios in Lambe, Severn and Edwards in this way at paragraph 86: I take it then that in approaching the interpretation of the pertinent sections of The B.N.A. Act with respect to the administration of justice, a Court should keep in mind that these sections are embodied in an Imperial statute to which the ordinary rules for the interpretation of statutes apply, that therefore the intention of the framers of this Imperial statute must be ascertained as at the date of the enactment by having regard to the words employed without extraneous aids to interpretation where the language is unambiguous, and that having regard however to the nature of the statute, a great constitutional charter, the widest and most liberal construction of the words used should be adopted with a view to giving effect to the whole scheme of Canadian union [Emphasis Added
In Kazakewich v. Kazakewich, [1936] A.J. No. 10 (C.A.), the Alberta Court of Appeal summed up the ratios
in Lambe, Severn and Edwards in this way at paragraph 86: I take it then that in approaching the interpretation of the pertinent sections of The B.N.A. Act with respect to the administration of justice, a Court should keep in mind that these sections are embodied in an Imperial statute to which the ordinary rules for the interpretation of statutes apply, that therefore the intention of the framers of this Imperial statute must be ascertained as at the date of the enactment by having regard to the words employed without extraneous aids to interpretation where the language is unambiguous, and that having regard however to the nature of the statute, a great constitutional charter, the widest and most liberal construction of the words used should be adopted with a view to giving effect to the whole scheme of Canadian union [Emphasis Added
in Lambe, Severn and Edwards
in this way at paragraph 86: I take it then that in approaching the interpretation of the pertinent sections of The B.N.A. Act with respect to the administration of justice, a Court should keep in mind that these sections are embodied in an Imperial statute to which the ordinary rules for the interpretation of statutes apply, that therefore the intention of the framers of this Imperial statute must be ascertained as at the date of the enactment by having regard to the words employed without extraneous aids to interpretation where the language is unambiguous, and that having regard however to the nature of the statute, a great constitutional charter, the widest and most liberal construction of the words used should be adopted with a view to giving effect to the whole scheme of Canadian union [Emphasis Added
in this way at paragraph 86: I take it then that
in approaching the interpretation of the pertinent sections of The B.N.A. Act with respect to the administration of justice, a Court should keep in mind that these sections are embodied in an Imperial statute to which the ordinary rules for the interpretation of statutes apply, that therefore the intention of the framers of this Imperial statute must be ascertained as at the date of the enactment by having regard to the words employed without extraneous aids to interpretation where the language is unambiguous, and that having regard however to the nature of the statute, a great constitutional charter, the widest and most liberal construction of the words used should be adopted with a view to giving effect to the whole scheme of Canadian union [Emphasis Added
in approaching the
interpretation of the pertinent sections of The B.N.A. Act with respect to the administration of justice, a Court should keep
in mind that these sections are embodied in an Imperial statute to which the ordinary rules for the interpretation of statutes apply, that therefore the intention of the framers of this Imperial statute must be ascertained as at the date of the enactment by having regard to the words employed without extraneous aids to interpretation where the language is unambiguous, and that having regard however to the nature of the statute, a great constitutional charter, the widest and most liberal construction of the words used should be adopted with a view to giving effect to the whole scheme of Canadian union [Emphasis Added
in mind that these sections are embodied
in an Imperial statute to which the ordinary rules for the interpretation of statutes apply, that therefore the intention of the framers of this Imperial statute must be ascertained as at the date of the enactment by having regard to the words employed without extraneous aids to interpretation where the language is unambiguous, and that having regard however to the nature of the statute, a great constitutional charter, the widest and most liberal construction of the words used should be adopted with a view to giving effect to the whole scheme of Canadian union [Emphasis Added
in an Imperial statute to which the ordinary rules for the
interpretation of statutes apply, that therefore the intention of the framers of this Imperial statute must be ascertained as at the date of the enactment by having regard to the words employed without extraneous aids to
interpretation where the language is unambiguous, and that having regard however to the nature of the statute, a great constitutional charter, the widest and most
liberal construction of the words used should be adopted with a view to giving effect to the whole scheme of Canadian union [Emphasis Added].
The real «right» at issue
in Edwards was not the right of women to be appointed to the Senate; it was whether «the Governor General has a right to summon women to the Senate,» 11 and for this reason section 24 warranted a
liberal interpretation.
There can be no doubt that the Privy Council's analysis eschewed a «narrow and technical» approach
in favour of a «large and
liberal»
interpretation.
While they acknowledged that the legislation ought to be given a broad and
liberal interpretation, the justices held that «a
liberal and purposive
interpretation can not supplant a textual and contextual analysis simply
in order to give effect to a policy decision different from the one made by Parliament.»
At worst, torturing the sports metaphors still further, some judges might have an «expanded strike zone,» allowing for a
liberal interpretation and others a more restrictive «narrow strike zone» but even
in those cases, the judge / umpire equally applies that zone to both teams.
[24]
In numerous decisions, the Supreme Court of Canada has ruled that a broad, policy - based and
liberal interpretation must be given to human rights legislation and the policies behind such legislation: see Canadian National Railway Co. v. Canada (Canadian Human Rights Commission), 1987 CanLII 109 (SCC), [1987] 1 S.C.R. 1114; Quebec (Commission des droits de la personne et des droits de la jeunesse) v. Boisbriand (City), 2000 SCC 27 (CanLII), [2000] 1 S.C.R. 665; B. v. Ontario (Human Rights Commission), 2002 SCC 66 (CanLII), [2002] 3 S.C.R. 403 at para. 44.