The domination of the British Empire did not prevent the outbreak of the 1st World War and the national
liberation struggles of the peoples of the nations subject to its domain.
To paraphrase The Nation,
the liberation struggles of the past are cross-dressing.
But what about God's relation to the suffering in
the liberation struggle of the actual world?
Not exact matches
As such, Walker's central challenge to process thought becomes his own theological
struggle for coherence in a metaphysical scheme that denies what he affirms as fundamental to a black
liberation theologian, i.e., that the most inclusive concept
of God is the God
of the oppressed.
Melbourne focused on the identification
of Christianity with the poor and marginalized
of the world in their
struggle for
liberation and justice.
Unless we participate in the
struggle of the poor for their
liberation, we can understand nothing about Jesus Christ....
The main
liberation movement, the ANC, long committed to nonviolent resistance under the influence
of Gandhi and its Christian roots, had by 1963 decided, after agonizing debate, to engage in an armed
struggle.
In India we need to have two kinds
of liberation struggles: first, to liberate.
In many respects Bonhoeffer's main contribution in South Africa has been his challenge to those
of us there who are socially privileged and academically trained, as he was, and therefore numbered among an elite minority — even if we have sought to be in solidarity with those who
struggled for
liberation and attempted to identify with the victims
of apartheid.
As he saw it, the
struggle against Russia was only the prelude to the
liberation of Palestine and all other lands which had once been ruled by Islam: «Jihad is now incumbent on all Muslims, and will remain so until Muslims recapture every spot that was Islamic.»
Surely the liberal christian communities would come to see the rightness
of the theologies
of liberation being generated globally by christians and others
struggling for bread and dignity.
«It was the Dominicans... on the island
of Hispañola in 1511,» concludes historian Enrique Dussel, «who began the
struggle for justice and
liberation in Latin America.»
Yet in doing so they are left with no foundation for moral knowledge, and must get by with notions
of liberation,
struggle, and propaganda.
For female theologians from Africa, Asia and Latin America, Jesus, besides identifying with the poor, is a model
of true humanity who can inspire others to
struggle for
liberation.
The most powerful tools available to us for teaching the ethic
of eco-justice are these stories built upon the analogy between human oppression and nature's oppression, between the human
struggle for
liberation and nature's
struggle for fulfillment.
In fact, U.S.
liberation movements are already under way in women's groups, community organizing efforts among the poor, the search for freedom by gay and lesbian communities, and in Native American, African American and Hispanic
struggles against U.S. racism, and in a host
of works for justice, peace and the wholeness
of creation.
No mention is made
of the past century's great movements
of liberation, or the worldwide women s movement, or
struggles for freedom and human rights.
The whole point
of Thoreau's parable — indeed,
of all his writings, including Walden, Civil Disobedience and his famous Plea for Captain John Brown — is to declare that the revolution
of 1776 is not yet over; the people and the land we love still
struggle for
liberation.
Liberation theology has tended to place special emphasis on certain portions
of the Bible, notably the story
of the Exodus, the social criticism
of the prophets, the figure
of Mary, Jesus» preaching
of the kingdom
of God, the depiction
of the liberating Christian community in Acts, and the
struggle against evil in its imperialist and cosmic guise in the Book
of Revelation.
In challenging process theology to state explicitly that God sides with the oppressed, and to do so in a way that does not rule out the possibility
of righteous counterviolence, I understand Jones to be challenging process theology to explicate the social - ethical consequences
of accepting certain metaphysical truths in order that black theology might measure its ethical content against the needs
of the
struggle for
liberation.
The necessity
of struggle against oppression can also be described through the use
of neoclassical resources.8 According to such resources, it is inevitable that the oppressed will
struggle for
liberation.
It is characteristic
of black theology to be unforgivingly critical
of any theology which fails to affirm that God favors the
struggle for
liberation.
Broadly conceived, black theology asks not only about the metaphysical status
of process theology, but also, and more importantly, can process theology illuminate social - political ethics in a way that contributes favorably to the
liberation struggle?
Thus, for the African newly chained to the deck
of a ship anchored at a West African harbor, the meaning
of liberation and the character
of the
struggle are very different from that
of the African - American who, three generations later, like Frederick Douglass and William Wells Brown, must consider how best to conduct an abolitionist campaign.
Ture says that no matter how overwhelming the might
of the oppressor, it is in the very nature
of the people that they will
struggle and
struggle and
struggle for as long as they are oppressed until at last they achieve their
liberation.6 Vincent Harding's history — There is a River — emphasizes the inevitability
of the African - American
struggle for
liberation.
Thus Vincent Harding, Kwame Ture, Winnie Mandela, and many others have spoken in accordance with the philosophy
of black power in maintaining that where there is oppression, there will also be some form
of protest and
struggle for
liberation.
The late Howard Thurman once described the necessary aspect
of the
struggle for
liberation by using an analogy from nature.7 Thurman recalled that on one occasion during his childhood in Daytona Beach, he happened upon a tiny green snake crawling along a dirt path.
In order for his appeal to be successful Douglass knew he would have to reconcile a certain pious regard for the well - being
of slave owners with supporting the slaves»
struggle for
liberation.
We might add that the meaning
of liberation and the character
of the
struggle were yet and again different for young Huey Newton (co-founder
of the Black Panther Party) as be lay hand - cuffed and under armed guard even while in surgery as the result
of being shot by two policemen in 1967.
But, again, according to the Exodus account, this is done for the sake
of contributing, in the long run, to the
struggle for
liberation.
Song also speaks
of a «theology
of the womb,» a theology
of liberation which affirms the new life
struggling to be free:
Modern civil rights and
liberation movements thus can be understood as
struggles against patriarchal deformations
of democracy.
It helps one to conceptualize women's
struggles for «civil rights» in the church and for our theological authority to shape Christian faith and community as an important part
of women's
liberation struggles around the globe.
She has formed her own theology as she has learned from a long tradition
of Chinese Christian women who
struggled «not only for their own
liberation, but also for justice in church and society
In Latin America,
liberation theology began to speak
of the hope and
struggle of the poor.
James Massey, Down Trodden: The
Struggle of India's Dalits for Identity, Solidarity and
Liberation.
To choose organized religion as a site
of struggle for
liberation presupposes a sense
of ecclesial ownership as well as repentance
of complicity with patriarchal religion.
To Jefferson and the evangelicals, perhaps those most concerned that the element
of liberation not be lost in the act
of institution, the establishment
of the Constitution was only the beginning instead
of the end
of the
struggle.
To be free
of ideological captivity is to «join the community
of struggle,» to oppose racism and sexism, to fight for human rights and women's ordination, to engage in social action, to envision «holiness as justice,» and to develop nonsexist language and imagery in order to «empower» and free the congregation to engage in the «
struggle for
liberation.»
Two such schools
of thought have been North American process theology based on the philosophy
of Alfred North Whitehead and
liberation theology which originated in the
struggles of Third World peoples for economic, political,...
As long as the scandal
of poverty and oppression exists and as long as there are Christians who live and critically reflect on their faith in the context
of the
struggle for justice and life,
liberation theology will continue to exist».
This connection — between the experience
of the burning bush, the
struggle for
liberation, and the glimpses
of a promised land — sheds light on Jesus» stark claims.
And we must
struggle with the idea that this God
of liberation is slow to be moved by injustice, for instance, when the Israelites are enslaved by the Egyptians.»
They remind us that
liberation theology has never been a new theology but rather a new way
of doing theology — from the perspective
of the poor and their
struggle for justice and
liberation.
Protestant liberalism is not infallible, but what are the alternatives: They are in recent times to retreat behind a revelation claim (neo-orthodoxy), to deny the reality
of God (death
of God), to dwell on one important yet narrow aspect
of the
struggle for justice (
liberation), or to recite stories.
Young believes that Whitehead's conception
of god is supportive
of liberation struggles because it takes contextualization seriously by making God responsive to actual conditions
of the world without resort to divine coercion.
Two such schools
of thought have been North American process theology based on the philosophy
of Alfred North Whitehead and
liberation theology which originated in the
struggles of Third World peoples for economic, political, and social independence but now has broadened to include the aspiration
of minority groups (e.g., women and blacks) even within affluent First World countries.
The basic weakness in all forms
of so - called
liberation theology is their overstress on one aspect
of the
struggle for justice.
Instead it is reduced to an aid in understanding either the unfolding cosmic drama (as with process thought) or the class
struggle of history (as with
liberation theology).
tends to view the problem
of liberation from its own narrow perspective in its own historical
struggle.