According to Sigmund,
liberation theology needs to move into a third phase, one of «dialogue with liberalism.»
Not exact matches
Liberation theology type B responds to both of these issues — the determination of
theology by the
needs of a community and the claim of privileged and exclusive access to theological existence.
«We
need to move toward a dialogical
theology in which the praxis of dialogue together with that of human
liberation will constitute a true locus theologicus, i.e., both a source and basis for theological work.»
The first three sections of this paper have illustrated this, indicating the changes
needed on the side of process
theology as it responds to the truth of what
liberation theologians are saying.
Seminaries, especially those that have been influenced by
liberation theologies, recognize that professional ministerial education should not be defined only as meeting the institutional
needs of the churches.
Some of the insights provided by the first phase of
liberation theology seem too important to let slip between the cracks — for instance, the centrality of the category «the poor» for biblical interpretation; the awareness of structural, not just individual, evil; the use of the social sciences as dialogue partner for theological discourse; and the
need to apply a hermeneutic of suspicion to
theology itself.
Jon Sobrino has written that as long as there is suffering, poverty, exclusion and premature death on an immense scale — which is ever more the case in Latin America — there will be
need for a
theology (whatever its name) that poses the kinds of questions posed by
liberation theology.
He contends, first, that
liberation theology should free its social analysis from a preoccupation with global «dependent capitalism» and move toward more specific analyses of land reform and of other pressing
needs which would help popular Christian movements be «more politically effective at a national level.»
If perestroika is to come to the Americas, and not just be celebrated «over there» in Eastern Europe, then
liberation theology in the U.S.
needs to become embodied in coordinated movements of resistance that bring to an end our government's decades - long rituals of domination in Latin America.
In challenging process
theology to state explicitly that God sides with the oppressed, and to do so in a way that does not rule out the possibility of righteous counterviolence, I understand Jones to be challenging process
theology to explicate the social - ethical consequences of accepting certain metaphysical truths in order that black
theology might measure its ethical content against the
needs of the struggle for
liberation.
Theology which is based on the gospel can be timely, only as it assumes new and bold forms in relation to the actual historical situation and the particular
needs of the people in their own time» (
Liberation Theology and Marxism).
If
liberation theology arose out of a consciousness of the oppression of the people by the capitalist system, then there is surely greater
need of a
theology of
liberation in this age of globalization.
This global perspective contrasts not only with political
theologies of the past which correlated
theology with the
needs of particular states, but also with
liberation theologies.
Not even the opening papal address contained the salvos against
liberation theology that the conservatives had hoped for (despite erroneous impressions to the contrary given by the New York Times), and the Puebla documents, though a mixed bag, gave ongoing support to the major concerns of this
theology, particularly in the emphasis on the
need for the church to make «a preferential option for the poor.
Its author, the Uruguayan Jesuit Juan Luis Segundo (1925 — 96), was particularly concerned with rejecting North American death - of - God
theology, but already present were the beginnings of an awareness that the church
needs to lend its resources not to the reinforcement of society and its present (repressive) values but to its
liberation.16
The de-idealized reading of Hegel
needed to utilize his thought in the context of
liberation theology, it is argued, is suggestive in the case of Whitehead too.
But if his thought is to offer any kind of basis for
liberation theology, a more flexible interpretation will be
needed in which the emergence of the state will take place in each society in its own tune.
Liberation theology emerged in the early 20th century, sprouting out of the
needs of the social communities, particularly the Black community in the United States.
But Miller said Pentecostal churches «have been more successful [than the «base communities» of
liberation theology] in dealing with the felt
needs of poor people — and especially women.»
A strong emphasis in current
liberation theology is the imperative to let the oppressed speak for themselves and to define their own
needs, and not have this done for them, however well - intentioned the outsiders.
Rather, they resulted from an often ad hoc process in which the spiritual and physical
needs of the poor, the teachings of Vatican II, the intentions of the Brazilian hierarchy (running both for and against the emerging agenda of
liberation theology), the brutal repression perpetrated by Brazilian dictators, and the work of academics all played a part.
In other words, one can insist that all persons
need liberation and thereby blunt the concrete issues raised by particular
liberation theologies.
But the deeper thesis of the book is the
need for process
theology for its own sake and for the sake of the gospel to become a political
theology, a
need unlikely to have been realized without the stimulus and challenge of the
theologies of
liberation and of political
theology.
But the deeper thesis of the book is the
need for process
theology for its own sake and for the sake of the gospel to become a political
theology, a
need unlikely to have been realised without the stimulus and challenge of the
theologies of
liberation and of political
theology.
Once the idea of
liberation theology was established, it became clear that it could take, even
needed to take, many more forms.