Being able to study things
like black hole mergers through gravity will shed light on some of the «darkest yet most energetic events in our universe,» said Albert Lazzarini, deputy director of the LIGO Laboratory, in an American Physical Society press release.
LIGO's detection of this event, plus another, fainter signal that also looks
like a black hole merger, means we can conclude that black hole binaries this size can and do form in nature.
When an energetic event occurs (
like a black hole merger or neutron star collision), spacetime becomes violently disturbed and energy is carried away from the event in the form of gravitational waves — like ripples traveling across the water's surface after dropping a pebble in a pond.
Not exact matches
A
black hole merger in a massive galaxy
like M87 would yield detectable gravitational waves for 4 million years, for instance, while a more modest galaxy such as the Sombrero Galaxy would offer a 160 - million - year window.
The other aspect is that space - time is incredibly stiff: that's why you need a cataclysmic event
like the
merger of two
black holes to produce a distortion that we can measure.
A year ago, LIGO confirmed a prediction made by Albert Einstein a century earlier: that violent cosmic events,
like the
merger of two
black holes, would wrench the fabric of spacetime and emit ripples.
Supermassive
black holes like the one in galaxy M87 probably grow not only by feeding on infalling gas and stars but also by
mergers of smaller
black holes.
That's because no one knows whether such supergiants grow from scratch within star - forming regions, or whether,
like supermassive
black holes and galaxies, they reach their enormous mass through
mergers.
Gravitational waves are ripples in space - time caused by events
like the
merger of two
black holes.
Other theories,
like mergers of smaller
black holes, remain viable, and researchers aren't quite sure yet how many
black holes there really are in the early universe.
If galaxies that have never been through a
merger,
like NGC 4178 — detectable by their lack of stellar bulges — have their own central
black holes, their properties could help tell the story.
Like the historic first detection announced this past February, these gravitational waves were also generated by the
merger of two
black holes.
Mészáros notes that the gravitational waves looked
like they came from objects smaller in mass than
black holes, which pointed to neutron stars, and that the electromagnetic emissions separately correlated to the event provide two ways to show proof - positive that this is a neutron star
merger.
The group in which he works is involved in the instrumental development for the LISA PathFinder mission (ESA), a technology precursor mission for a future space - based gravitational - wave observatory, LISA, which will detect the gravitational radiation from low frequency sources
like massive
black hole mergers, inspiraling stellar compact objects into massive
black holes, and galactic binaries.
The increasing amplitude and frequency of the waves during the
merger if converted to audio sound waves would make a sound
like a chirp of a bird, so the LIGO scientists refer to it as the chirp of a
black hole merger.
This latest detection originated from a
merger creating a
black hole of 49 solar masses (another «heavy»
black hole like the first one), but the
merger happened over twice as far away than previous events.
Indian scientists made direct contributions — ranging from designing algorithms used to analyse signals registered by detectors to ascertain those from a gravitational wave to working out parameters
like estimating energy and power radiated during
merger, orbital eccentricity and estimating the mass and spin of the final
black hole and so on.