«With this discovery, instead of facing the challenge of how to use only the electrons on the surface of a material, now you can just cut the material open and you have light -
like electrons flowing in three dimensions inside the materials,» said M. Zahid Hasan, a professor of physics at Princeton, who led the discovery.
Rather
like electrons flowing without electrical resistance, at temperatures close to absolute zero, some atoms turn superfluid, flowing with no friction or physical resistance.
Not exact matches
In the electrical currents that
flow in the microcircuits of today's gadgets, the
electrons behave
like particles and follow classical, predictable laws of heat transfer.
If, however, the gap size was 8 microns or larger, the researchers observed a phase transition, in which bacteria in every well synchronized,
flowing in the same direction,
like aligned
electrons in a magnetic field.
The effect and its brethren — with names
like the spin Hall effect, the spin Seebeck effect and the spin Peltier effect — allow scientists to create
flows of
electron spins, or spin currents.
Neutrons are ideal tools for identifying and characterizing magnetism in almost any material, because they,
like electrons, exhibit a
flow of magnetism called «spin.»
This direct observation confirms a long - held suspicion that the static
electron arrangement and associated nanoscale fluctuations impair the free
flow of
electrons —
like ice on a river impairs the
flow of liquid water, Davis said.
Table - salt -
like TiN is metallic, which means it can conduct a
flow of
electrons that makes up a current.
For example, some metallic nanoparticles convert light into plasmons, waves of
electrons that
flow like a fluid across a particle's surface.
Like a wave, the
electrons can split at the fork and
flow on both roads simultaneously.
Confirmed within the past few years, topological insulators possess interiors that behave
like insulators, blocking the
flow of
electrons.
LANP researchers study light - capturing nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles that convert light into plasmons, waves of
electrons that
flow like a fluid across the particles» surface.
A bandgap is an energy barrier, essential for controlling the
flow of
electrons,
like an on / off switch.
Rice's new drawbridge method for color switching incorporates metal nanoparticles that absorb light energy and convert it into plasmons, waves of
electrons that
flow like a fluid across a particle's surface.
It can also increase the general
flow of restoring
electrons to free radicals, and protect a variety of different oxidised tissues
like proteins and also some lipids despite not even being fat soluble.
Electromagnetic induction is really cool, and the basics are that if you move an electrically conductive material,
like a coil or winding, in the presence of a magnetic field you make
electrons flow.