Sentences with phrase «like ocean carbon»
The values derived by the ECS represent a stabilization of temperatures, and when systems like ocean carbon sinks are added to the mix, stabilization can take millennia.
https://www.scientificamerican.com/ Not exact matches
These sensors could reveal patterns that help explain why the tropical Pacific emits carbon dioxide, rather than absorbing it like most of the rest of ocean.
In addition to temperature, wind, and solar radiation data, the Pacific saildrones are measuring how the ocean and air exchange gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen, and they are using Doppler instruments to gauge currents coursing up to 100 meters below the surface.
The researchers also studied variables related to other ocean plant groups, like diatoms, which build glass shells that carry carbon to the deep sea, sequestering it from the atmosphere.
Hurricane - force winds whip the ocean so fiercely that the seawater belches dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere like a shaken bottle of soda, scientists have discovered.
The seas» absorption of human - generated carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is well documented, along with the harm it is causing ocean creatures like shellfish.
«Recent studies have shown that there's substantial lateral carbon exports from these ecosystems toward the coastal ocean and that is something that we also would like to understand,» said Vargas.
For example, he has said in recent years that vast carbon dioxide emissions might ultimately cause a runaway greenhouse effect like on Venus that would boil the oceans and make Earth uninhabitable, the Times reported.
It survived in hydrogen and carbon dioxide levels like those there, and coped with temperatures from 0 °C to 90 °C, and pressures up to 50 Earth atmospheres — both likely to be found in its oceans (Nature Communications, doi.org/ck2q).
That's a process playing out throughout the Southern Ocean, but scientists don't have a good grasp on it or how sudden changes like the loss of a huge hunk of ice will alter carbon uptake.
In applying them, they found that a more realistic representation of the marine ecosystem helped the ocean to take up and store carbon at similar rates regardless of global changes in physical properties, like temperature, salinity and circulation.
Carbon sinks will become carbon emitters - like forests, permafrost, and the oceans.
C. Carreau, ASPERA - 4 & MAG teams, Venus Express, ESA Annotated image illustrating loss of hydrogen through plasma wake Venus may have lost oceans of water due to a runaway greenhouse effect which evaporated water into the upper atmosphere, where ultraviolet light dissociated water into ionized atomic hydrogen and oxygen (some later incorporated into carbon dioxide) that were blown away by the Solar wind due to the lack of a strong magnetic field like the Earth's (more).
They need to know: what a GHG is and how the GHE works; the carbon cycle; how climate has changed over the entire geologic history of the planet; how the climate has changed recently (relatively speaking); the main variables of climate like temperature, rainfall, etc.; the role of the sun, atmosphere and oceans on climate.
There are other factors (changes in the natural sources of emissions in a warmed environment, changes in the function of traditional carbon sinks in a warmed environment, tipping points like increase forest fire activity in a warmed environment, etc.) that also play a significant role in the truly important number, which is accumulation of CO2 / e in the atmosphere and ocean acidification.
While factors like the possible climate buffering influence of the oceans are imperfectly understood, the academy panel said, «if carbon dioxide continues to increase, the study group finds no reason to doubt that climate changes will result and no reason to believe that these changes will be negligible.»
Flannery's book suggests that covering something like 9 % of the world's oceans with seaweed farms could sequester the equivalent of the entire world's carbon emissions one day.
For example, using chemicals to make the planet more reflective might cool things a bit, but it would do nothing to reduce other greenhouse - gas impacts, like rising acidity in the oceans as they absorb more carbon dioxide.
I'd like to ask a general question: since the oceans are taking up about 1/3 of the anthropogenic carbon emissions, what is the opinion now of the scientific community about when the ocean surface layers will get saturated and this carbon sink (on relatively short timescales) will start to diminish?
We continue to see study after study showing the negative effects of too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, in the oceans, and yet some would like to believe that's a good thing.
Obviously the «cap and trade» approach to putting out the fire will subsidize all sorts of dubious projects like carbon - sequestration in the oceans as the fire still burns.
Because while these may seem like distinct issues, our oceans are actually being hit by a double whammy when it comes to carbon emissions:
Like all such research, the study offers a measure of how little we know of the mechanics of life, atmosphere, ocean and rock − and, in particular, the carbon cycle.
As acids go, H2CO3 is relatively innocuous — we drink it all the time in Coke and other carbonated beverages — but in sufficient quantities it can change the water's pH. Already, humans have pumped enough carbon into the oceans — some hundred and twenty billion tons — to produce a.1 decline in surface pH. Since pH, like the Richter scale, is a logarithmic measure, a.1 drop represents a rise in acidity of about thirty per cent.
The study will use a combination of complex computer models to replicate past weather patterns in the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf, and use the results, along with estimates of future production of man - made greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane to predict Gulf hurricane activity.
Expecting less than 5 % of Earths surface to filter the air mass from the other 95 % given actual air circulation patterns is patently absurd compared to natural CO2 scrubbing mechanisms like the biological carbon cycles, or Henry's law (which is leading to ocean acidification.
In between the atmosphere and what we release, there is the ocean which acts like a buffer or think a battery which first soaks up most of released carbon.
«Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued carbon dioxide emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society,» the report said.
Instead, world leaders have pandered and caved to the powerful fossil fuel lobby: rubber stamping massive carbon - intensive infrastructure, unlocking billions of tonnes of new carbon in hard - to - reach places like the deep offshore ocean, the arctic, or hard - to - extract resources like tar sands, and proceeded to design energy policy around scenarios incompatible with a safe global climate.
Instead, world leaders have pandered and caved to the powerful fossil fuel lobby: rubber stamping massive carbon - intensive infrastructure, unlocking billions of tonnes of new carbon in hard - to - reach places like the deep offshore ocean,
And while indicators like ocean heat content may respond more quickly or dramatically to the carbon emissions that cause climate change, surface temperature is more closely related to the effects of climate change — and the effects, after all, are what climate policies at any level are intended to ease.
«[The research] demonstrates that proposed technological solutions, like CDR, to the problems of global warming and ocean acidification are no substitute for reducing carbon emissions, which remains the safest and most reliable path for avoiding dangerous climate change.»
In tranquil, well - behaved parts of the ocean like near the Galapagos, it would be probably easier to document changes in the carbon content of the upper ocean than it would be on land.
«natural causes can only produce — volcanoes popping off and things like that and coming out of the ocean — only produce about one gigaton per year, so there's just no question that human activity is producing a massively large proportion of the carbon dioxide.»
Transparent jellyfish - like creatures known as a salps, considered by many a low member in the ocean food web, may be more important to the fate of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide in the ocean than previously thought.
When atmospheric carbon dioxide is absorbed into the ocean, it reacts to produce carbonic acid, increasing the acidity of seawater and diminishing the amount of a key building block (carbonate) used by marine species like shellfish and corals to make their shells and skeletons.
And natural causes can only produce — volcanoes popping off and things like that and coming out of the ocean — only produce about one gigaton per year, so there's just no question that human activity is producing a massively large proportion of the carbon dioxide.
For me, that means I'd like to see it broken down, which Coby has done well so far, by (these are just examples i'd like to see): Factors and evidence supporting or effectively debunking a) ocean acidity, which in itself has produced a number of alarming effects including less saline density in turn causing a slowing of thermohaline circulation (such as the gulf stream) b) photosynthesis - carbon sinks vs. sources or any direction that you'd like to take using what science knows CO2 to have an effect on.
Broader economic approaches, however, can attach monetary values to non-market impacts, referred to as externalities, placing an economic value on ecosystem services like breathable air, carbon capture and storage (in forests and oceans) and usable water.
Carbon - removal strategies, as the name implies, remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it through various means, such as in soils, trees, underground reservoirs, rocks, the ocean and even products like concrete and carbon fiber.
This change in patterns of deep - ocean sedimentation will result in a curious, dark band of carbonate - free rock — rather like that which is seen in sediments from the Palaeocene - Eocene thermal maximum, an episode of severe greenhouse warming brought on by the release of pent - up carbon 56m years ago.
The combination of all these forces — consumption, deforestation, agriculture and food, emissions — underscores more than ever the value of a comprehensive measure like the Ecological Footprint that takes into account all competing demands on the biosphere, including CO2 emissions and the capacity of our forests and oceans to absorb carbon.
The first place that carbon moves from the atmosphere into the ocean is at its sun - warmed surface, where microscopic floating plants called phytoplankton consume carbon dioxide for energy (just like grass and trees).
Acting like a massive sponge, the oceans pull from the atmosphere heat, carbon dioxide and other gases, such as chlorofluorocarbons, oxygen and nitrogen and store them in their depths for decades to centuries and millennia.
The main carbon sink is ocean calcareous phytoplankton like coccolithophores, and diatoms.
It may address a more narrow issue like ocean acidification or the carbon cycle.
Acting like a massive sponge, the ocean pulls from the atmosphere heat, carbon dioxide, and other gases (e.g., chlorofluorocarbons, oxygen, and nitrogen) and stores them in their depths for decades to centuries and millennia.
A central hurdle is that carbon dioxide accumulates in the atmosphere like unpaid credit card debt as long as emissions exceed the rate at which the gas is naturally removed from the atmosphere by the oceans and plants.
Including a match with other observations like the mass balance, the 13C / 12C and 14C / 12C trends, the oxygen balance, the increase of carbon species in the ocean surface and vegetation, etc...
That sounds like a lot, but it only adds up to the equivalent emissions of about 200 cars annually (900 tonnes), and is a drop in the ocean compared to the 40 billion tonnes or so of carbon humans put into the atmosphere every year.