Sentences with phrase «like signaling pathway»

Tatar's research, along with simultaneous independent work by Linda Partridge of University College London, U.K., and her colleagues, demonstrated that an insulin - like signaling pathway controls diapause and aging in flies — similar to what had already been found in the roundworm Caenorhabiditis elegans (see «Growing Old Together»).

One pathway — the insulin - like signaling pathway — was much less active in the left knee joint of the mice.

The authors discuss the effects of various compounds on steroid - like signalling pathways, especially estrogen.

Not exact matches

Computing today runs, well, like clockwork: A circuit's signal is forced onto a pathway made of regular intervals.

However, if you don't see those [Earth - like] signals, you can't conclude that there isn't life, because the life may be completely different; it may proceed in some chemical pathway that we might mistake for nonbiotic processes, for geologic processes.

However, little is known about the specific growth - signaling pathways affected by DNA methyltransferase enzymes like DNMT3B.

Gerontologists are very familiar with the insulin / IGF (insulin - like growth factor) signalling pathway.

A signalling pathway is a biological method of transferring information, and via those pathways, the cell can respond to external conditions like the state of food supply.

The Hippo signaling pathway, which is highly conserved up to humans, was known to play a critical role in organ size determination, like, for example, in the liver, but has not been demonstrated to influence neural stem cells in the central nervous system.

Like a cascade, after the first molecule in a pathway receives a signal, it activates another molecule and so forth until the cell function is carried out.

The Drosophila melanogaster gene chicoencodes an insulin receptor substrate that functions in an insulin / insulin - like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway.

We conclude that juvenile hormone deficiency, which results from InR signal pathway mutation, is sufficient to extend life - span, and that in flies, insulin - like ligands nonautonomously mediate aging through retardation of growth or activation of specific endocrine tissue.

Golombek speculates that this happened because a different signaling pathway in the hypothalamus governs adaptation to phase delays, like those experienced when entering a time zone that's a few hours behind their body clock.

Role of adaptor TRIF in the MyD88 - independent Toll - like receptor signaling pathway.

Signaling pathways involve molecules in a cell that control cell functions — like cell division — by cooperation.

Signaling pathways function a bit like very accurate games of molecular telephone.

This is one of many methods of modestly slowing aging connected to the well - studied growth hormone / insulin - like growth factor - 1 signaling pathway.

Toll - like receptor signalling in macrophages links the autophagy pathway to phagocytosis.

Numerous studies have demonstrated activity of these agents against a wide variety of cancers, especially cancer stem cell - like subpopulations, by a host of different mechanisms which comprise inhibition of signaling pathways, of mitochondrial respiration, as well as of cellular stress responses and others.

This gene is believed to signal availability of other substances, like oxygen, and to interact with intracellular pathways regulating growth and nutrient uptake in other tissues of the body.

Kontoyiannis D., Boulougouris G., Manoloukos M., Armaka M., Apostolaki M., Pizarro T., Kotlyarov A., Forster I., Flavell R., Gaestel M., Tsichlis P., Cominelli F., Kollias G., 2002, «Genetic dissection of the cellular pathways and signaling mechanisms in modeled tumor necrosis factor - induced Crohn's - like inflammatory bowel disease», JEM, 196, 1563 - 74.

In particular, research with the roundworm C. elegans, aided by its short lifespan and easily manipulated genetics, has identified a number of pathways that regulate aging, such as insulin / insulin - like signaling, dietary restriction, heat shock resistance, and reproductive and sensory signaling pathways.

This is in accordance with previous reports that decitabine and 5 - azacytidine produce a marked synergistic effect in combination with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and romidepsin in T - lymphoma cell lines by modulating cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.26, 27 As a mechanism of action, KMT2D mutations of B - lymphoma cells promote malignant outgrowth by perturbing methylation of H3K4 that affect the JAK - STAT, Toll - like receptor, or B - cell receptor pathway.28, 29 Here our study indicated that dual treatment with chidamide and decitabine enhanced the interaction of KMT2D with the transcription factor PU.1, thereby inactivating the H3K4me - associated signaling pathway MAPK, which is constitutively activated in T - cell lymphoma.13, 30,31 The transcription factor PU.1 is involved in the development of all hematopoietic lineages32 and regulates lymphoid cell growth and transformation.33 Aberrant PU.1 expression promotes acute myeloid leukemia and is related to the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma via the MAPK pathway.34, 35 On the other hand, PU.1 is also shown to interact with chromatin remodeler and DNA methyltransferease to control hematopoiesis and suppress leukemia.36 Our data thus suggested that the combined action of chidamide and decitabine may interfere with the differentiation and / or viability of PTCL - NOS through a PU.1 - dependent gene expression program.

Although no signaling molecules that act downstream of the Slif / TOR pathway have been identified yet, these fat body - derived signals ultimately regulate the production of insulin - like peptides (Drosophila insulin - like peptides; Dilps) secreted from the brain [10][9].

Angiopoietin - Like 4 Confers Resistance to Hypoxia / Serum Deprivation - Induced Apoptosis through PI3K / Akt and ERK1 / 2 Signaling Pathways in Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Titles: 1) Angiopoietin - Like 4 Confers Resistance to Hypoxia / Serum Deprivation - Induced Apoptosis through PI3K / Akt and ERK1 / 2 Signaling Pathways in Mesenchymal Stem Cells

The notion that a Nanog positive, ICM - like population of high probability self - renewing cells is a developmental ground state is supported by the expansion of this state in the presence of a blockade on the major signalling pathways known to promote ES cell differentiation, the MAP kinase / ERK cascade and GSK3β [42], [50].

Like in the Wnt signaling pathway, ligands bind to the EGFR on the cell surface and initiate a cascade of events in the cell that in this case lead to regulation of genes that control cell cycle progression.

For example, the insulin receptor substrate and phosphotyrosine binding proteins GAB1 / GAB2 emerged on the metazoan stem after the divergence of choanoflagellates, indicating that an insulin - signalling - like pathway may have been a key regulator of growth in early animals by tying into the ancient PDK1 and Akt kinases (Fig. 2b).

Novel Role for the Innate Immune Receptor Toll - Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) in the Regulation of the Wnt Signaling Pathway and Photoreceptor Apoptosis.

The broad conservation of neurohormonal signaling pathways between mammalian systems and C. elegans such as insulin - like signaling, serotonin, etc., validates studying the cell non-autonomous control of protein homeostasis by the nervous system of C. elegans to instruct our understanding of age - related human disease.

This might be because adaptor molecules like RhoH and SLP76 can affect the signaling events downstream of calcium release from the ER, or might indicate the existence for a possible positive feedback pathway from calcium signaling to the upstream of adaptor molecules.

In short, this means that repeated access to sugar over time leads to prolonged dopamine signalling, greater excitation of the brain's reward pathways and a need for even more sugar to activate all of the midbrain dopamine receptors like before.

Then, signals are sent to the brain, lighting up reward pathways and causing a surge of feel - good hormones, like dopamine, to be released.

«There are multiple interactive pathways and molecular mechanisms by which CR (calorie restriction) and IF (intermittent fasting) benefit neurons including those involving insulin - like signaling, FoxO transcription factors, sirtuins and peroxisome proliferator - activated receptors.

mTORC1 is the central component of the insulin - signaling cascade [insulin / insulin - like growth factor (IGF)-- phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase (PI3K) pathway)(Fig. 1) that regulates protein synthesis and mRNA translation through 2 primary mechanisms: 1) inactivation of the repressor of mRNA translation, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein 1 (eIF4E - BP1), and 2) the activation of 70 - kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase.

In order to achieve the petite size of toy breeds, breeding efforts have selected and consolidated genetic variation that limits growth potential through mechanisms thought to impair growth hormone and insulin - like growth factor (IGF1) signaling pathways [38,39].