Failing to do so is not an option, as it would shamefully leave New York as one
of only two states where 16 year olds are charged as adults and would perpetuate
bad outcomes with increased
likelihood of youth re-offending and decreased public safety.
Research has shown that the relationship is bi-directional: Depression may result in
worse outcomes for people with heart disease, while the presence
of heart disease may increase the
likelihood that someone will develop depression.
Three prospective, longitudinal (1 - 3 years), naturalistic studies
of panic disorder7 - 10 found that the presence
of a PersD was associated with
worse outcome of panic disorder symptoms and functioning; 1 study found an association with a lower
likelihood of remission.9, 10 These studies are limited by use
of self - report PersD instruments, 7,9,10 only 1 follow - up assessment, 8 follow - up
of only1 year, 7,9,10 and retrospective recall.8 Only 1 study9, 10 used DSM - III - R criteria for the PersDs, although with a self - report instrument.