This yielded transgenic cassavas with 60 % to 94 %
less linamarin in their leaves.
This combination of results is ideal, because the plants have enough
linamarin in their leaves to deter pests, but not so much that it will be transported to the roots, Sayre says.
Raw flax seeds naturally contain cyanogenic glycosides - such
as linamarin, linustatin, and neolinustatin.
The pair disrupted two leaf - specific genes that produce enzymes active in the first step of
making linamarin.
The roots and leaves of fresh cassava are loaded with a chemical
called linamarin, which wards off herbivores.
These transgenic plants are a «useful cassava prototype for further studies,» he says, although field tests are required to make sure they'll reliably have
less linamarin.
Likewise, flaxseed oil (Linum usitatissimum) has also been extensively used for this purpose, although its human consumption remains controversial because of the potential toxicity of
linamarin, one of its active compounds.
Linamarin and lotaustralin are two of the primary cyanogenic glycosides in flaxseeds, and like the thiocyanates in cruciferous vegetables, both of these compounds can contribute to cyanide metabolism in humans.