DHA may be necessary for the formation of neurons and for the synthesis of the important brain
lipid phosphatidylserine; it is also the precursor to an important compound that protects neurons when they are assaulted by oxidative stress.
Stahelin and co-investigator Smita Soni, a postdoctoral researcher at the Indiana University School of Medicine, found that VP40 is able to assemble in vitro (i.e., in a test tube), without any human cells present and mediate formation of virus - like particles when the human
lipid phosphatidylserine is found in solution with VP40, but not other control lipids.
Not exact matches
It interacts with a human plasma - membrane
lipid,
phosphatidylserine, to facilitate replication of the virus.
«This means, in conjunction with our previous research papers, that Ebola virus VP40 can assemble and interact with human
phosphatidylserine to generate the
lipid coat of the virus,» Stahelin said.
They found that the virus's surface was studded with
phosphatidylserine, a
lipid that also flags dead cells as garbage.
Removing
lipids from the virus's surface stopped infection, and recoating the virus with
phosphatidylserine restarted it.
Using standard enzyme - linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) assays, researchers discovered that unlike previously described human antibodies to
lipids, WR321 did not react with any of 17 other
lipids it was tested against, including cholesterol, glycolipids, and other phospholipids such as cardiolipin and
phosphatidylserine, but it bound specifically only to two phosphoinositides.
During programmed cell death («apoptosis»), a
lipid usually found on the inner side of the cell membranes, specifically
phosphatidylserine (PS), shifts to the surface, making itself readily available to any passing cellular stranger.