Some experts say making sense of bitcoin's fluctuations requires
a longer period of observation.
This demonstrates how
longer periods of observation, along with the complete ARGO network, are critical to derive more accurate long - term ocean trends.
On the whole and over
long periods of observation, publicly traded equities are typically fairly valued, usually skewing slightly toward bullish or bearish at any given time.
Santiago Muñoz's work arises out of
long periods of observation and documentation, in which the camera is present as an object with social implications and as an instrument mediating aesthetic thought.
Not exact matches
For Canadians, it is important that our political parties start discussing and debating the policy actions a «new» government should take to respond to the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
observation, that the global economy, and therefore the Canadian economy, could be entering a
long period of economic stagnation, characterized by slow growth, high unemployment and increasing income inequality.
«The goal here is to drive those numbers down through rules changes, culture changes, protocol changes, through greater
observation and treatment over a
longer term
period of time.»
These
observations are consistent with current research if we assume the researchers were observing babies with a fairly typical nursing pattern, where baby has a
longer sleep
period at night and gradually decreases the amount
of time between nursing as the day progresses.
On the basis
of these
observations, authors concluded that the infants in cot cried for a significantly
longer time than the babies in skin - to - skin contact during all
observation periods.
Observations of sleep - sharing breastfeeding infants show that they nurse more frequently, and for
longer periods than breastfeeding infants who do not sleep next to their mothers, but nonetheless routinely bedsharing mothers obtain as much or more sleep as those who sleep apart from their breastfed babies.
Our study also covered a
longer time
period, and included more in - situ
observations of deep - sea debris than any previous study I'm aware
of.»
Detailed
observations of lake chemistry over
long periods of time are rare.
The data came from WISE
observations of 164 cometary bodies — including 95 Jupiter family comets and 56
long -
period comets.
If the BICEP2
observations hold up, they would be the first direct peek at the
long - hypothesized epoch
of inflation, a
period of explosive cosmic expansion that followed the birth
of the universe (SN: 4/5/14).
I hope maintaining these two custom - built transporters properly will make it possible to continue ALMA
observations on the land
of Atacama for 25 years, 35 years, or for a
longer period of time.
In addition, when correlations were constrained to the time
period that satellite burned area
observations were available from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)(2001 - 2012), and thus where estimates
of land - use change carbon emissions were more certain2, correlations between fire weather season length,
long fire season affected area and net land carbon fluxes increased substantially to ρ = − 0.797 and ρ = − 0.825, respectively, n = 12, P < 0.01).
In fact, the calculation has been done very carefully by Hansen and co-workers, taking all factors into consideration, and when compared with
observations of ocean heat storage over a
period long enough for the observed changes to be reliably assessed, models and
observations agree extremely well (see this article and this article.).
Here we report Kepler spacecraft
observations of a single Sun - like star that reveal six transiting planets, five with orbital
periods between 10 and 47 days plus a sixth one with a
longer period.
Long Period Comets (Non-periodic comets) are comets that do not have confirmed
observations at more than one perihelion passage and generally have orbital
periods of 200 years or more.
«It's only a matter
of time before more Kepler
observations lead to smaller planets with
longer period orbits, coming closer and closer to the discovery
of the first Earth analog.»
Careful participant selection, close
observation, and relatively short treatment
period would minimize the opportunity to abuse the drug and would also reduce the risks
of long - term cardiovascular complications.»
This mixing
of reported and operating earnings, coupled with an arbitrary extension
of a medium - term
observation to a very -
long - term historical
period, leads to dubious conclusions.
A
long - term study (published in the Journal
of the American Veterinary Medical Association in 2003)
of a Trap - Neuter - Return program noted that 83 %
of the cats present at the end
of the
observation period had been there for more than six years — meaning that the cats» lifespans were comparable to the mean lifespan
of 7.1 years for pet cats.
Another
observation of concern was that the cats urinated less frequently and for
longer periods in the clinical setting.
Satellite
observations of the Greenland ice sheet, which are made daily, have shown that the
period when snow melted during 2006 was 10 days
longer than the average for the previous 18 years.
Even the admirable Revkin doesn't get it quite right: On horizontal surfaces,
observations and modeling show a role for melting in both the baseline ablation and the sensitivity
of ablation to precipitation and temperature; melting is the dominant ablation mechanism on vertical ice cliffs; and though Kaser et al find «no evidence» about rising temperatures, it is only because the in situ studies don't cover a
long enough
period to detect trends.
What
observations do you offer that would encourage this other than claiming the last 3 years (2005 hottest) or last twelve (’98 hottest) equal global cooling when they are all among the hottest years in the last 2 million (a fundamentally flawed assertion that shows 100 % ignorance, or willful disregard,
of basic scientific principles, namely that a three — twelve year
period is not a
long - term trend, but is variability until proven otherwise.)
The hydrologic cycle can change because
of changes in plant cover — it's a common
observation that after a forest fire or logging, streams and springs will flow higher and
longer for a
period of years.
As a general
observation my claim is, however, that every scenario that leads through scientifically justifiable arguments to very severe consequences over very
long periods does that also over a
period of about 100 years.
Regular variation in the solid runoff
of Antarctic glaciers with the
period of 18.6 years is revealed as a result
of long - term
observations.
So what we did with the model is: stretch the input
of the carbon over
longer and
longer periods of time until we get a match between the
observations and the carbon cycle and climate models.
Satellite
observations may have resolved many
of the spacial / temporal resolution issues surrounding proxy measurements
of earlier
periods there is a
long way to go before we have sufficient data suitable for prediction.
«The question is again being discussed whether recent and
long - continued
observations do not point to the advent
of a second glacial
period, when the countries now basking in the fostering warmth
of a tropical sun will ultimately give way to the perennial frost and snow
of the polar regions.»
In fact, most uncertainties in the alarmist pseudo-science are internal contradictions and consequences
of its shoddy practices: cherry picking data, making conclusions based on statistically insignificant
observations, declaring trends based on variations that are within error margins, relying on computer models that contradict principles
of the information theory, forging forecasts for unreasonably
long time
periods, etc..
Nitsche also applauded the coring methodology the researchers used as a means
of investigating the history
of ice shelves for
longer time
periods than remote sensing and ship - based
observations provide.
Based on previously reported analysis
of the
observations and modelling studies this is neither inconsistent with a warming planet nor unexpected; and computation
of global temperature trends over
longer periods does exhibit statistically significant warming.
Instead
of plotting individual year datapoints for observed temperatures, plotted 3 - year (36 - month averages ending in December): this reflects an expectation that models can't predict accurately every annual
period, but over
longer 3 - year
periods the model and
observation trends should better match.
...
observations suggested the bears drowned in rough seas and high winds and «suggest that drowning - related deaths
of polar bears may increase in the future if the observed trend
of regression
of pack ice and / or
longer open water
periods continues.»
This time
period is too short to signify a change in the warming trend, as climate trends are measured over
periods of decades, not years.12, 29,30,31,32 Such decade -
long slowdowns or even reversals in trend have occurred before in the global instrumental record (for example, 1900 - 1910 and 1940 - 1950; see Figure 2.2), including three decade -
long periods since 1970, each followed by a sharp temperature rise.33 Nonetheless, satellite and ocean
observations indicate that the Earth - atmosphere climate system has continued to gain heat energy.34
Nic and Pekka, I would also caution about the difficulties in estimating the persistence
of CO2 in the atmosphere from direct measurements, as
long as you have processes with latencies that are much
longer than the
observation period.
True, but fails to explain why the
longer - term mean about which those cycles fluctuate is trending up other than curve - fitting an «approximation by three sinusoids
of periods 1000 years, 210 years and 60 years,» ANSWER: The curve fitting exercise is labeled as such «heuristic»; the lengths
of the cycles are from other
observations, some displayed on figures 5 - B & C; only the amplitudes and phase
of the 215 and 60 years sinusoids are subject to optimization; Singular Spectrum Analysis has been applied by Diego Macias et al (note 18) to the HadCRUT series with equivalent results, and among many others by Liu Yu et al..
Using a
longer period would made the match
of surface and radiosonde
observation to models much worst in the
period before 1979.
The short 6 - year
period 1979 to 1984 might, by chance, be on the high or low side
of the
longer term trend
of either the model or the
observations, creating a biased comparison.
The determination
of climate sensitivity will always retain this basic nature although the accuracy may improve dramatically after a
long enough
period of detailed
observations (a much better estimate may be available in 2100).
The following graph compares models to
observations over the
period 1979 - 2013,
long enough to place the 1998 El Nino in the middle, but excluding the earlier hiatus
of the 1950s and 1960s.
Reviewing my post: — my introduction describes recent statements and seems accurate to me; — my account
of IPCC First and Second Draft seems accurate to me and, in any event, unaffected by new papers; — likewise my comments on the SPM and gatekeeping
of skeptic submissions on the discrepancy; — my
observations about 20th century history also seem accurate to me and not vulnerable to new papers; — I asked questions about the
long past hiatus and deep ocean during that
period.
WebHubTelescope: The beauty
of the SOI is that it contributes no bias to
observations, as by definition it reverts to a mean
of zero over
long time
periods.
The beauty
of the SOI is that it contributes no bias to
observations, as by definition it reverts to a mean
of zero over
long time
periods.
Direct
observations of the sunspots since 1610 reveal an irregular activity cycle with an average
period of about 11 years, which is modulated on
longer timescales.
This study reconstructs a century -
long SAMOC index, from 1870 to present, using sea surface temperature (SST) from 1993 to present, the
period for which Expendable Bathythermographs (XBT) and satellite altimetry
observations of SAMOC are available.
Based on
observations made about hundreds
of couples over a
period of 40 years, the researchers at the Relationship Research Institute are able to identify the signs that show if a couple is in a
long lasting relationship.