Insect and disease damaged fruits and vegetables can quickly become unmarketable, and this might explain the relatively
low organic yields of fruit and vegetable crops compared to their conventional counterparts.
But these yield differences are highly contextual, depending on system and site characteristics, and range from 5 %
lower organic yields (rain - fed legumes and perennials on weak - acidic to weak - alkaline soils), 13 % lower yields (when best organic practices are used), to 34 % lower yields (when the conventional and organic systems are most comparable).
Not exact matches
Also, there is a limited source of
organic products because they have
lower yields.
Crowder, lead author and assistant professor of entomology at Washington State University, says he and Reganold became interested in the topic after reading a study several years ago that indicated that
organic farming produces a
lower crop
yield than conventional agriculture.
Almost 50 hectares of vineyard is planted to
low -
yielding certified
organic and biodynamic shiraz, grenache, cabernet sauvignon, mataro, durif, petit verdot, tempranillo, zinfandel, semillon, chenin blanc and viognier grapes.
The researchers say their interest was piqued after seeing a study that positioned
organic agriculture as less productive than conventional, with
lower crop
yields.
He will highlight how
organic farming practices can increase
yield while keeping emissions
low - a win - win scenario for people and planet.
Systems like this have poor production values and become easy fodder for people who believe
organic is intrinsically a
lower yield scenario.
However, critics argue that
organic agriculture may have
lower yields and would therefore need more land to produce the same amount of food as conventional farms, resulting in more widespread deforestation and biodiversity loss, and thus undermining the environmental benefits of
organic practices5.
For instance, for perennials grown on favourable soils
organic yields are just 5
lower than conventional
yields, but the
yield difference between the most comparable conventional and
organic systems is as high as 34.
Our analysis of available data shows that, overall,
organic yields are typically
lower than conventional
yields.
To say
organic farming's
yields are so
low you would have to sacrifice rainforests is misplaced.
However, there are still a number of sustainability challenges concerning
organic agricultural and horticultural systems of today and
organic farming is criticized for its, in many cases,
lower yield performances.
These expenses, combined with
lower yields and increased labor costs, are often not sufficiently offset by the price premiums paid for
organic coffee, which are typically around 20 to 25 percent.
Economically speaking, the selling price of
organic rice in the Ebro Delta is higher than conventional rice, and permits greater profit to farmers, in spite of the major cost of labour (
organic farming of this particular system needs 25 percent more than conventional farming) and
lower yields -LRB--15 percent in
organic paddy fields).
Crop
yields are generally
lower on
organic farms when compared with high input agricultural systems, especially during conversion years.
Despite
lower yields,
organic agriculture is more profitable (by 22 — 35 %) for farmers because consumers are willing to pay more.
As livestock generally provides a
lower return per hectare than crops,
organic cereal / livestock producers are doubly disadvantaged as they have
lower yields, especially during conversion, and a less favourable output mix.
While the proportion of soluble nutrient fractions is
lower on organically managed soils, there is no decrease in
organic yields since higher biological activity and higher mycorrhizal root colonization counteract nutrient deficiency.
But, he added, in order to close the import - export gap, farmers need help making ends meet during the three transition years in which they must farm organically and often experience
lower yields than under conventional methods, but do not yet qualify for the higher price premium of
organic to compensate for their losses.
Sal Gilbertie, of Gilbertie's Herb Garden in Westport, CT will discuss strategies to maximize harvests with a
low - impact, all
organic, and sustainable produce garden for gardeners with plots of all sizes during «Small Plot, High
Yield Gardening.»
To look at it another way, traditional and
lower - input approaches to farming such as
organic produce significantly
lower yields than modern methods.
We've all heard proponents of conventional agriculture claim that
organic farming is a recipe for global starvation because it produces
lower yields.
Because of the
lower yields with typical
organic farming, the amount of energy required to deliver a consumer - worthy product is typically higher but also depends on how hardy (Potatoes?)
However, even when
yields may be
lower,
organic agriculture is more profitable for farmers because consumers are willing to pay more.
Over 2 decades, the average crop
yield was about 20 %
lower in the
organic plots, the team reports in the 31 May issue of Science.
High
yields came as a surprise: «There's been criticism that
organic yields are
lower than conventional
yields,» Reganold says.
There we found that
organic farms have significantly
lower yields than their conventional counterparts..
The USDA / NASS studies tracked harvested acres without differentiating between irrigated and non-irrigated acreage; it gathered data on planted vs. harvested acres for some crops but not others; it did not account for systems in which «baby vegetable» crops (usually
organic) are grown in short rotations on the same plot (such as spinach, lettuce, and carrots) and thus have
lower yields; and it omitted some data that would have revealed too much information about individual farmers, in cases where very few growers produce a particular crop.
In essence, there's a lot here for
organic supporters to cherry - pick as evidence of
organic's
yield potential (but not cherries, which
yielded much
lower).
Perhaps most distressingly, some of the healthiest foods on the planet
yielded comparatively poorly under
organic production: 42 percent
lower for blueberries, 23 percent
lower for broccoli, and almost 40 percent
lower for tomatoes.
In those cases, where the
yields are
lower on
organic farms, comparisons made per kg of product are less fa - vourable for
organic systems (Chirinda et al., 2010b) unless N use efficiency is higher on
organic farms (cf. 4 below).
«First and foremost, we found that corn and soybean
yields were the same across the three systems,» said Pimentel, who noted that although
organic corn
yields were about one - third
lower during the first four years of the study, over time the
organic systems produced higher
yields, especially under drought conditions.
«There are people who are spokespersons for the green - revolution agriculture that have been dismissive of
organic agriculture because of
low yields,» Badgley said.
A primary criticism of
organic agriculture is
lower yield compared to non-
organic systems.
Similar to previous work,
organic crop
yields in our analysis were
lower than conventional crop
yields for most crops.
These hotspots were not associated with higher
organic yields, but rather occurred in
lower yielding regions for both conventional and
organic production [39, 40].
Because
organic agriculture and other biodiversity - friendly farming practices generally have
lower yields than industrial agriculture, REDD will therefore encourage a shift toward from more productive forms of food production.
The response of biogenic secondary
organic carbon aerosol production to a temperature change, however, could be considerably
lower than the response of biogenic VOC emissions since aerosol
yields can decrease with increasing temperature.
However, the ability of
organic agriculture to contribute significantly to the global food supply has been questioned owing to
low yields, increased land use and insufficient quantities of organically acceptable fertilizers (Badgley & Perfecto 2007).
«The real question is, if the
yields are
lower and production costs higher,» in
organic, do these numbers pencil out for farmers «without the premium?»
Organics are processed at much
lower temperatures than inorganics, and while their efficiencies are substantially
lower (about 3 percent), they can be spread over wide areas,
yielding an equivalent amount of energy.