Sentences with phrase «low oxygen atmosphere»

This thesis primarily investigates the effects of mechanical cyclic stretching, a 5 % low oxygen atmosphere and the Rho - kinase inhibitor, Y - 27632, on protein responses in chondrocytic human chondrosarcoma (HCS - 2 / 8) cells.

Not exact matches

MAP modifies the internal atmosphere of a package, usually lowering the amount of oxygen to slow the growth of organisms that would promote product oxidation and decay.

In principle, a controlled atmosphere high in carbon dioxide and low in oxygen content slows down the rate of respiration, which may extend shelf life of any respiring fruit during storage.

Unlike commercial planes, which can use the lower atmosphere's oxygen to give their fuel systems a boost, suborbital rocket planes use liquid oxygen tanks to compensate for the thin air and get the thrust they need.

While lower - energy ultraviolet radiation breaks up water molecules — a process called photodissociation — ultraviolet rays with more energy (XUV radiation) and X-rays heat the upper atmosphere of a planet, which allows the products of photodissociation, hydrogen and oxygen, to escape.

LA's smog is caused by sunlight driving chemical reactions between oxygen, nitrogen compounds and hydrocarbons in the lower atmosphere.

The Rho - kinase inhibition stimuli under low oxygen conditions (of 5 percent oxygen atmosphere), which is a condition corresponding to conditions in the body's cartilage, produced a more effective increase in chondrocyte - specific gene expression and synthesis of extracellular matrix components by HCS - 2 / 8 cells.

This would include low oxygen subsurface sites with environmental conditions predating the Great Oxidation Event that occurred about 2.3 billion years ago when the atmosphere went from very low to high oxygen concentrations.

The green glow photographed by Kumar and Bondoux emanates from oxygen atoms in the atmosphere returning to their lowest - energy state after being excited by charged solar particles.

Hope will probe the link between processes in the lower atmosphere, which contains most of the martian atmosphere's water vapor, and the escape of hydrogen and oxygen from the upper atmosphere.

«This period of extended low oxygen spanning from roughly 2 to less than 1 billion years ago was a time of remarkable chemical stability in the ocean and atmosphere,» Lyons said.

In Earth's geological record, the appearance of high concentrations of manganese oxide minerals is an important marker of a major shift in our atmosphere's composition, from relatively low oxygen abundances to the oxygen - rich atmosphere we see today.

By comparison, slightly younger deposits with lower molybdenum and rhenium concentrations had osmium isotope evidence for less continental input, indicating the oxygen in the atmosphere had disappeared.

«Amber provides new insights into the evolution of Earth's atmosphere: Low oxygen levels for dinosaurs.»

Lower in the atmosphere, oxygen atoms and hydroxyl radicals (OH), which form when water molecules are broken apart by ultraviolet photons, oxidize methane.

The production of methane is accelerated because stationary pools of water contain much less oxygen than a flowing river interacting with the atmosphere and microbes thrive in low - oxygen environments.

Build a new home for humanity on a world with a low - oxygen atmosphere, extreme electrical storms, shard storms, dust devils, deadly toxic gas eruptions from some of Aven Prime's many geothermal vents, and days so long they have their own seasons.

If the atmosphere consisted of Oxygen / Nitrogen only, its thermal conductivity would be very low, solar heating would be much the same, and the insulation effect (and the gravitational lapse rate) would produce a substantial temperature differential from the surface to the top of the atmosphere without any radiative absorption.

But the boiling point of heavy water, as well as heavy oxygen water (H2O ^ 18 rather than H2O ^ 16) are higher than that of normal water, and are found in water vapor in the atmosphere at lower concentrations when the global temperature is low.

The 2009 State of the Climate report gives these top indicators: humans emitted 30 billion tons of of CO2 into the atmosphere each year from the burning of fossil fuels (oil, coal, and natural gas), less oxygen in the air from the burning of fossil fuels, rising fossil fuel carbon in corals, nights warming faster than days, satellites show less of the earth's heat escaping into space, cooling of the stratosphere or upper atmosphere, warming of the troposphere or lower atmosphere, etc..

(Fingerprint studies draw conclusions about human causation that can be deduced from: (a) how the Earth warms in the upper and lower atmosphere, (b) warming in the oceans, (c) night - time vs day - time temperature increases, (d) energy escaping from the upper atmosphere versus energy trapped, (e) isotopes of CO2 in the atmosphere and coral that distinguish fossil CO2 from non-fossil CO2, (f) the height of the boundary between the lower and upper atmosphere, and (g) atmospheric oxygen levels decrease as CO2 levels increase.

Via the Water Cycle, it lowers it 52 °C from the 67 °C the real greenhouse would be without it, this being the thermal blanket of the real gas fluid ocean atmosphere of mainly nitrogen and oxygen around our Earth:

«The results demonstrate how rapidly rising temperatures in the atmosphere can affect ocean circulation, cutting off oxygen to lower depths and extinguishing most life,» says NCAR scientist Jeffrey Kiehl, the lead author.

In Paper 2, we suggest that the phase change we identified in Paper 1 involves the «multimerization» of oxygen and / or nitrogen in the air above the «troposphere» (the lower part of the atmosphere).

Sulfur oxides are made of oxygen and sulfur molecules and are normally found in the lower atmosphere.

Without photosynthesizing organisms, the atmosphere would contain extremely low amounts of oxygen.

Global warming is implicated in the loss of Arctic ozone because greenhouse gases trap energy lower down, heating up the atmosphere nearer the ground but cooling the stratosphere, creating conditions conducive to the formation of the reactive chemicals that break apart the three - oxygen molecules of ozone.

I've read that because CO2 has a lower specific heat then other primary gases (Nitrogen / Oxygen) in the atmosphere when an additional amount CO2 is introduced to a volume of air inside say a greenhouse the temperature actually drops.

It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope O 2, breaking down in the lower atmosphere to normal dioxygen.

Coupling of atmospheric regions: To study some of the mechanisms that provide coupling between the upper and lower atmosphere, e.g., downward transport of NO with its effects on ozone photochemistry and the vertical exchange of minor species such as odd oxygen, CO, and H2O.