Sentences with phrase «low radiation sources»

Last January, it allowed the university to resume using «low radiation sources.»

Not exact matches

Water sourced from the low - gravity moon, Schmitt explained, could be utilized as a protective, radiation - thwarting cocoon, built into the superstructures of Mars - bound crewed spacecraft.

The problem with studying the effects of this fallout is that the world is bathed with naturally occurring low - level radiation, with sources ranging from long - distance air travel to plasma televisions.

Such material could be hidden inside a lead container, making the radiation levels leaking out too low for the Geiger counter to detect, or the guard might be 100 meters away from the source, allowing the intensity of the radiation to dissipate before it reaches the detector.

The total radiation delivered, 0.5 gray (Gy), was high relative to environmental levels (from sources such as naturally occurring radon in rock), but significantly lower than equivalent human doses experienced in CAT - scans or cancer therapy.

The group in which he works is involved in the instrumental development for the LISA PathFinder mission (ESA), a technology precursor mission for a future space - based gravitational - wave observatory, LISA, which will detect the gravitational radiation from low frequency sources like massive black hole mergers, inspiraling stellar compact objects into massive black holes, and galactic binaries.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has already categorized low frequency EMF radiation a class 2B possible carcinogen (source).

The source of light radiation for both high and low beams is a Bi-Xenon discharge lamp, which offers excellent visibility, thrifty running and a long service life.

It does seem at first glance that a warm troposphere would warm the stratosphere, but the explanation that more of the earth - sourced infrared radiation is absorbed lower in the the troposphere by higher levels of CO2 makes sense if one thinks about the thermodynamic losses involved in the CO2 re-radiation processes; some of the earth - sourced infrared is transformed into kinetic energy and only a fraction is reradiated as more infrared radiation (if I'm understanding correctly).

The implication of this optical depth bias that owes its source to biases in both the LWP and particle sizes is that the solar radiation reflected by low clouds is significantly enhanced in models compared to real clouds.

Instantaneously after adding the extra GHG, the temperature profile of the atmosphere has not yet changed, so the upward radiation, which is sourced by the ground and the lower atmosphere, remains the same within the bounds of the old photosphere.

If (a) the surfaces of both objects behave like a black body, (b) the surface temperature of each body is everywhere the same, and (c) the internal energy sources are equal (i.e., their rates - of - internal - energy - generation are the same), at radiation - rate - equilibrium the surface temperature of the cube will be lower than the surface temperature of the sphere by the ratio of the fourth root of 1.2407 or 1.0554.

As the dominant reservoir for heat, the oceans are critical for measuring the radiation imbalance of the planet and the surface layer of the oceans plays the role of thermostat and heat source / sink for the lower atmosphere.

This must result in about 85 times as much infrared radiation from the Sun, at 3.3 microns wavelength, being sent back into space by the absorption and re-radiation from methane molecules in the upper atmosphere as could be re-radiated into the lower atmosphere for infrared radiation sourced from the warmed Earth.

In the experiment, which was for pure gases and vapors, the absorbed and radiated infrared radiations came from sources of heat which included heated oil to 250 °C and heated copper ball to low redness.

The relative humidity suggests as well that the OLR from the water vapour in the spectral regions where figure 6 - A shows high optical thickness has been slowly increasing, as the source of radiation to the cosmos moved to slightly «lower and warmer» layers.

A gold metal layer beaten out to a 100 Angstrom thick film, is also not going to radiate like a solid; it is going to start looking decidedly more gas like, because of its extremely low thermal mass, so that a small radiation can result in a large Temperature drop (unless replenished from some continuous energy source).

Radiation at ultraviolet wavelengths dissociates atmospheric molecules, initiating chains of chemical reactions — specifically those producing stratospheric ozone — and providing the major source of heating for the middle atmosphere, while radiation at visible and near - infrared wavelengths mainly reaches and warms the lower atmosphere and the Earth's surface1.

more carbon dioxide in the lower atmosphere means more little «point sources» for more absorbed EM in the infrared part of the spectrum, (infrared that re-radiated from the earth's surface after sunlight hit it and got absorbed); and since point sources radiate in a spherical pattern, that means more «back radiation» to earth, on balance... and this changes the «standing pattern» of energy flow in and out of the earth system, creating a time differential, so it starts to re-adjust...

In the case of the the source of the 333 W / m ^ 2 this is back radiated from a height in the atmosphere which is at a temperature lower than the ground surface and therefore this radiation can not be «Absorbed by the Surface».

So it appears that reflected incoming SW radiation from increased low altitude clouds is playing an important role in the total energy balance, and that IPCC's «largest source of uncertainty» may be getting cleared up.