There is evidence that maltreated children are at greater risk for lifelong health and social problems, including mental illnesses, criminality, chronic diseases, disability1 and poorer quality of life.2 A history of child maltreatment is also associated with lower adult levels of economic well - being across a wide range of metrics, including higher levels of economic inactivity, lower occupational status, lower earnings and lower expected earnings.3 Existing research suggests a ripple effect caused by
lower educational achievement, higher levels of truancy and expulsion reducing peak earning capacity by US$ 5000 a year4 or an average lifetime cost of US$ 210012 per person1 when considering productivity losses and costs from healthcare, child welfare, criminal justice and special education.
Over the long term, the social and economic disadvantage of this early vulnerability is evident in
lower educational achievement, social disadvantage, diminished economic returns and increased health, welfare and criminal justice costs.
Current research indicates a high college dropout rate for low - income students can not be fully explained by
lower educational achievement in high school.
This isolation, in turn, is shown to increase the likelihood that low - income children will be in classroom settings with behavioral problems and high student turnover — both of which take away from instructional time and lead to
lower educational achievement.
Low educational achievement.
Indeed, that the data show the increase in death by self - destruction is not limited to whites with
low educational achievement suggests that something else is at work — or at least something more complicated than lower economic achievement or increasing inequality.
Strong correlation between
low educational achievement, examination and school performance stress and between suicide has been investigated and confirmed.
But along with a similar initiative launched last year by the administration to expand educational opportunities for Native American kids (and slowly revamp the U.S. Bureau of Indian Education), the new effort does bring attention to
the low educational achievement among young black children — especially young black men — and reinforces Obama's generally laudable record as School Reformer - in - Chief.
The fact that AYP doesn't focus on
low educational achievement for young men of all backgrounds, the most - persistent symptom of the nation's education crisis, has allowed districts to continue practices such as overlabeling of young men as special ed cases that toss more futures into the abyss.
The waiver plan doesn't address the crisis of
low educational achievement among young men of all backgrounds, one of the leading symptoms of the education crisis.
And the fact that AYP doesn't focus on the crisis of
low educational achievement for young men of all backgrounds, the most - persistent symptom of the nation's education crisis, has allowed districts to continue practices such as overlabeling of young men as special ed cases that toss more futures into the abyss.
Not exact matches
The
achievement gap between
low - income and wealthy students has grown significantly, exacerbating socioeconomic and racial tensions and heightening the sense of inequality among various underserved communities, as large
achievement gaps in
educational outcomes based on race and ethnicity remain, or by some accounts, even worsen.
Women who started birth at home were on average older, of a
lower socioeconomic status and higher
educational achievement, and less likely to be African - American or Hispanic than women having full gestation, vertex, singleton hospital births in the United States in 2000.
Breastfeeding also supports healthy brain development, higher
educational achievement, and
lowers the risk of obesity and other chronic diseases.
Children from
low - income families are likely to hear 30 million fewer words than their peers from higher - income families, a deficit that can have far - reaching implications on
educational achievement, health and economic status, said Alan Mendelsohn, associate professor of pediatrics and population health at the New York University School of Medicine.
Participation in high - quality early childhood programs at ages 3 and 4 years is associated with greater school readiness and
achievement, higher rates of
educational attainment and socioeconomic status, and
lower rates of crime.
Burris combines reviews of academic studies, as well as personal anecdotes from her own experience as an educator, to argue that ability tracking has a negative effect on the
educational achievement of «
low track» students while also undermining social cohesion.
However,
lower peer
achievement is a potentially important channel through which a high poverty rate could affect the
educational environment, and from a policy perspective what matters is the total effect of a high poverty rate.
There are plenty of evidence - based recommendations for how to quickly optimize student
achievement in
low - performing schools, but an entry point for a broader, deeper systems change at RHS was to redesign its
educational system and adopt blended learning.
President Barack Obama has often noted in speeches the enthusiasm of Korean parents for their children's education, the high quality of Korean teachers, the number of learning hours that Korean students spend, and the outstanding
educational achievements these have produced; for example, top rankings in international academic -
achievement tests, and
low rates of school dropouts and juvenile delinquency.
o To keep costs
low, the system must rely primarily on existing data (such as student
achievement, grade retention, attendance, graduation, college going and student log files from
educational software providers).
One response to this observation has been to assume that the closing of
achievement gaps requires group - based solutions — for example, special initiatives aimed at boys (or girls),
educational solutions for Indigenous students, or government programs targeted on students from
low socioeconomic backgrounds.
Murray points to the fact that national gains in
educational achievement, particularly for those beginning on the
lower end of the distribution, have been very hard to come by in the past few decades: «If we confine the discussion to children in the
lower half of the intelligence distribution (education of the gifted is another story), the overall trend of the 20th century was one of slow, hard - won improvement.»
Based solely on their race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, there are students at high, middle, and
low levels of
achievement who are not receiving the
educational challenges they need to succeed and excel.
Low academic
achievement is particularly important to control for because children only receive special education services if their disabilities are adversely affecting their
educational performance.
A review of 25 schools supported by the
Achievement for All Achieving Schools programme between 2011 and 2015, indicated that pupils with special
educational needs (SEN), those eligible for Pupil Premium funding and
low attainers consistently made progress at a higher rate than expected for their year groups.
Participation in afterschool programs is influencing academic performance in a number of ways, including better attitudes toward school and higher
educational aspirations; higher school attendance rates and
lower tardiness rates; less disciplinary action, such as suspension;
lower dropout rates; better performance in school, as measured by
achievement test scores and grades; significant gains in academic
achievement test scores; greater on - time promotion; improved homework completion; and deeper engagement in learning.
More responsibility for purchasing
educational resources at the national and local levels appears to correspond to
lower student
achievement, at least in mathematics.
New York City's progress in narrowing the
achievement gap confirms that policymakers and advocates can no longer use demographic factors like race, ethnicity, income, or zip code to excuse differences in
educational achievement between high - and
low - needs students.
But there were other problems as well: NCLB did not itself provide sufficient incentives for students to work hard, as only teachers were held accountable for failure, and the legislation did not end the enduring inequalities of
educational opportunity for
low - income and minority students that underlie the
achievement gap.
Because they're already above the «proficient bar» in academic
achievement at a time when most federal and state policies are fixed on boosting
low achievers over that bar, schools and teachers have little incentive to focus on their
educational needs or to devote resources to their schooling.
What is clear, however, is that both Catholic schools and voucher programs for
low - income families show stronger effects on students»
educational attainment than on their
achievement as measured by standardized tests.
Research shows that minorities accrue greater premiums from
educational credentials that signal high
achievement than whites, which means that watering down these signals through grade inflation, abolishing external exams, and
lowering standards depletes a key resource for students from disadvantaged backgrounds.
During this same period, inequality in academic
achievement and
educational attainments between children from high - and
low - income families has also increased substantially.
A thought - leader in higher education, she has spent more than two decades at prominent national
educational institutions and at the highest levels of government, working to implement effective strategies to raise academic
achievement and opportunity for
low - income and minority students.
These neighborhood initiatives use «wraparound» programs that take a holistic approach to improving the
educational achievement of
low - income students.
For example, they might consider only Identified Students as being from
low - income families for reporting on
achievement gaps between economically disadvantaged and other students or selecting schools for performance consequences, while identifying all students as being from
low - income families for determining eligibility for supplemental
educational services.
The Bureau of Federal
Educational Programs provides technical assistance, program support and monitoring to local
educational agencies that will lead to improved academic
achievement outcomes for students who are disadvantaged, migrant, neglected, delinquent, at - risk, or homeless; or in rural and
low - income schools.
By combining teacher - student links with the ability to measure
achievement gains using common assessments, we could be generating
lower - cost, faster - turnaround evaluations of curricula and other
educational interventions.
The principal intellectual and moral argument that advocates make — and for which I have considerable sympathy — is similar to that of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) backers: giving needy kids a boost up the ladder of
educational and later - life success by narrowing the
achievement gaps that now trap too many of them on the
lower rungs.
Further, he notes, «the effects of private - school - choice programs on
educational attainment — how far an individual goes in school — are both larger and more consistent than their
achievement effects,» with programs narrowly targeted to
low - income, urban students proving to be the most effective.
Moreover, the fact that relative
achievement continues to decline after students» initial entry into middle schools suggests that average
educational quality in Florida is
lower in stand - alone middle schools than in schools serving grades K — 8.
This report finds that retention impedes the
educational progress of children and leads primarily to
lower achievement and higher dropout rates....
Using test score data from the National Assessment of
Educational Progress, we also find that reforms cause gradual increases in the relative
achievement of students in
low - income school districts, consistent with the goal of improving
educational opportunity for these students.
Research also shows that teachers hold differing and
lower expectations for students of color and
low - income students, as compared with more affluent students, which is a key link to our
educational achievement gap.
CEI works with schools with persistently
low achievement to help them transform into high - functioning
educational institutions with vibrant and engaging learning environments capable of advancing learning for all students.
Inclusive special education within the classroom and instructional efforts to minimize
low achievement are also typical of Nordic
educational systems.
In the process, Obama and Duncan are retreating from the very commitment of federal education policy, articulated through No Child, to set clear goals for improving student
achievement in reading and mathematics, to declare to urban, suburban, and rural districts that they could no longer continue to commit
educational malpractice against poor and minority children, and to end policies that damn children to
low expectations.
In the current program, Mr. Smith tracks America's search for schools and school districts that have been effectively raising student performance in high poverty areas and closing the
achievement gap between minority and
low - income students and the
educational mainstream.
Long - term effects of an early childhood intervention on
educational achievement and juvenile arrest: A 15 - year follow - up of
low - income children in public schools.