Sentences with phrase «lower in longitudinal studies»

In our own longitudinal studies, we've seen it at about 26 % and longitudinal studies in Europe have found around the same thing; there could be mathematical reasons for why it's lower in longitudinal studies than in cross-sectional studies ones.

Not exact matches

A recent analysis of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) found that, in fathers, a higher parenting self - efficacy score was related to lower work - family strain; and a key mechanism by which fathers» work / family strain was decreased was by their doing more than they regarded as their «fair share» of child rearing tasks.

For example, in two longitudinal studies of high - risk mothers («high - risk» due to low - socioeconomic status, single status, young age at first birth, and a history of abuse), the rate of intergenerational transmission ranged from 45 % (22) to 63 %.

«Although many guidelines recommend people with diabetes reduce their salt intake to lower the risk of complications, this study is among the first large longitudinal studies to demonstrate the benefits of a low - sodium diet in this population.»

The study analysed data from four large - scale longitudinal studies and found that the poorer reading and maths skills of children born prematurely were associated with lower educational qualifications on leaving school and lower income in middle age.

Sui and colleagues used data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study to assess levels of total cholesterol, low - density lipoprotein cholesterol, high - density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides in a total of 11,418 individuals who were observed during health examinations between 1970 and 2006 at the Cooper Clinic, Dallas, TX.

Results from the previous times (Times 1 - 3) of the Swedish longitudinal OCTO immune study indicated that a combination of high CD8 and low CD4 percentages and poor T - cell proliferation in PBL was associated with a higher 2 - year mortality in a sample of very old Swedish individuals.

A longitudinal study using PET scans to measure CMRglu in people ages fifty to eighty showed that people with the lowest CMRglu at baseline experienced the quickest development of overt AD.24 At baseline, hippocampal glucose metabolism in people who progressed from normal to AD was 26 percent below that of people who did not develop AD, and the annual rate of decline averaged 4.4 percent.

The longitudinal study involving 957 Chinese seniors aged 55 years or older has found that regular consumption of tea lowers the risk of cognitive decline in the elderly by 50 per cent, while APOE e4 gene carriers who are genetically at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease may experience a reduction in cognitive impairment risk by as much as 86 per cent.

The study, conducted with Stanford GSE alumna Ximena Portilla, compared the achievement gaps between high - and lower - income children entering kindergarten in 1998 and 2010 using the most recent data from the U.S. Department of Education's Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (Estudy, conducted with Stanford GSE alumna Ximena Portilla, compared the achievement gaps between high - and lower - income children entering kindergarten in 1998 and 2010 using the most recent data from the U.S. Department of Education's Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (EStudy (ECLS).

Based on secondary analysis of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, children with non or minimal exposure to recess were more likely to be black, low income, live in large cities, to be from the Northeast or South and to attend...

Setting aside the question of whether 8th - grade tests can be compared with the lower - grade tests in the Prospects study and the higher - grade tests in the National Education Longitudinal Survey, a more basic problem with this measure has to do with the statistical properties of test scores.

In 2010, researcher Heather Schwartz published a longitudinal study of about 850 students who resided in these units, and found that by the end of elementary school, the achievement gap between low - income children who resided in these inclusionary homes and their high - income peers nearly closed.1In 2010, researcher Heather Schwartz published a longitudinal study of about 850 students who resided in these units, and found that by the end of elementary school, the achievement gap between low - income children who resided in these inclusionary homes and their high - income peers nearly closed.1in these units, and found that by the end of elementary school, the achievement gap between low - income children who resided in these inclusionary homes and their high - income peers nearly closed.1in these inclusionary homes and their high - income peers nearly closed.111

A longitudinal study examined the career aspirations of «high - achieving» ninth graders (who attained 75 % or better in their math courses) and «low - achieving» ninth graders (who attained less than 75 % in their math courses).

A longitudinal study in Rhode Island shows that despite low rankings, many schools are raising the achievement of students with special needs.

More recently, Esteban extended his research with two new grants: one supporting a longitudinal study of symptoms of depression among Caucasian, African - American and Latino children; and the other supporting an evaluation of a randomized control trial of the Family Coping Skills Program in a population of low - income Latina mothers.

About 30 percent of Australian students who are in the lowest socio - economic quintile (based on a variety of factors including where they live) enroll in a university, according to the Longitudinal Study of Australian Youth.

Through the Chicago Longitudinal Study (CLS), Reynolds and colleagues have studied the educational and social development of a same - age cohort of low - income, minority children (93 percent African American) who participated in this program.

The Chicago Longitudinal Study began in 1999 and has been following a cohort of 1,539 low - income students who were born in 1980.

My Findings Using data from the High School Longitudinal study of 2009 (HSLS 09) and the above methodology, I indeed found that when initially looking at the relationship of participation in a school choice program and student learning, there exists a positive effect for students of low socioeconomic status.

The average low - performing teacher in math in a Florida school serving mostly - middle class kids is just two - hundredths of a standard deviation better than an equally laggard peer in school serving poor kids, according to a 2010 study from the National Center for Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Education Research.

Through site visits at nearly all of those schools and analysis of longitudinal student data, the study aimed to assess whether schools with low API status and growth scores were truly underperforming (as best as possible given the limitations of the data), to get schools» perspective of their own performance, and to assess the effectiveness of the Similar Students Measure (SSM) in identifying underperforming schools.

Indeed, a longitudinal Swedish study reports that «high achievers» used television as a complement to school learning, whereas «low achievers» used television as a substitute for it.16 Similarly, a study of 326 young children found that parental education is negatively related to hours watched overall.13 Other studies have found effect modification of the effects of television viewing on educational outcomes by the SES of the parents.14, 21 As a result, television viewing in a general population may serve to exacerbate disparities in cognitive outcomes between high - SES and low - SES households.

Studies looking at practices at a single point in time, however, have found low rates of identification of parental distress by resident and faculty pediatricians.3, 8 To our knowledge, no studies in pediatrics, and only a few in other specialties,9 - 12 have examined care over time to see if it leads to improved identification of mental health problems, or if there are specific primary care provider skills important to identification of distress in longitudinal seStudies looking at practices at a single point in time, however, have found low rates of identification of parental distress by resident and faculty pediatricians.3, 8 To our knowledge, no studies in pediatrics, and only a few in other specialties,9 - 12 have examined care over time to see if it leads to improved identification of mental health problems, or if there are specific primary care provider skills important to identification of distress in longitudinal sestudies in pediatrics, and only a few in other specialties,9 - 12 have examined care over time to see if it leads to improved identification of mental health problems, or if there are specific primary care provider skills important to identification of distress in longitudinal settings.

Finally, in considering temperament as a vulnerability factor for depression, it is important to note that in addition to behavioural inhibition several theorists have developed temperament models that link additional temperamental styles, particularly Positive Emotion (PE) and Negative Emotion (NE) to depression.58 Many cross-sectional studies have reported that youth and adults with depressive symptoms exhibit diminished levels of PE and elevated levels of NE59, 60,61 and the combination of these have been associated with concurrent depressive symptoms in clinical62, 63 and community samples.61, 64,65 Furthermore, longitudinal studies have found that lower levels of PE60, 66,67 and higher level of NE in childhood68 - 70 predict the development of depressive symptoms and disorders.

This chapter presents findings of a three - year longitudinal study of academic motivation and school engagement among low - income high school students enrolled in a corporate work — study program.

A longitudinal, randomized, community - based cohort study was conducted of 35 low - income, community - based, in - town settings.

In a recent longitudinal questionnaire study among high - school adolescents, low self - esteem was one of the key risk factors for problem behavior (Jessor et al., 1998).

Psychiatric Disorders and General Functioning in Low Birth Weight Adults: A Longitudinal Study

Results from a longitudinal study conducted in Israel have indicated that infants» experiences with very low - quality centre care was associated with increased rates of insecure infant — mother attachment, 12 regardless of the sensitivity of the mothers» caregiving.

Designed by two prominent academics, Sara McLanahan and Irv Garfinkel, the study is a longitudinal survey of 5,000 low - income married and nonmarried parents conducted in 75 hospitals in twenty cities at the time of their child's birth.

Such reductions were found within one year of implementation in a recent longitudinal study of 36 middle schools in Wichita and Chicago (Espelage, Low, Polanin, & Brown, 2013).

In the Children in the Community Study, a community - based longitudinal study exploring the impact of parental psychiatric disorders in 872 families, paternal anxiety disorder was associated with maternal report of lower assistance of their wives, frequent loud arguments with their wives, and poor fulfillment of family roles (Johnson et al. 2004), which can be regarded as indicators of poor coparentinIn the Children in the Community Study, a community - based longitudinal study exploring the impact of parental psychiatric disorders in 872 families, paternal anxiety disorder was associated with maternal report of lower assistance of their wives, frequent loud arguments with their wives, and poor fulfillment of family roles (Johnson et al. 2004), which can be regarded as indicators of poor coparentinin the Community Study, a community - based longitudinal study exploring the impact of parental psychiatric disorders in 872 families, paternal anxiety disorder was associated with maternal report of lower assistance of their wives, frequent loud arguments with their wives, and poor fulfillment of family roles (Johnson et al. 2004), which can be regarded as indicators of poor coparenStudy, a community - based longitudinal study exploring the impact of parental psychiatric disorders in 872 families, paternal anxiety disorder was associated with maternal report of lower assistance of their wives, frequent loud arguments with their wives, and poor fulfillment of family roles (Johnson et al. 2004), which can be regarded as indicators of poor coparenstudy exploring the impact of parental psychiatric disorders in 872 families, paternal anxiety disorder was associated with maternal report of lower assistance of their wives, frequent loud arguments with their wives, and poor fulfillment of family roles (Johnson et al. 2004), which can be regarded as indicators of poor coparentinin 872 families, paternal anxiety disorder was associated with maternal report of lower assistance of their wives, frequent loud arguments with their wives, and poor fulfillment of family roles (Johnson et al. 2004), which can be regarded as indicators of poor coparenting.

First, one longitudinal study parsed mothers into groups based on their child's social and cognitive outcomes and found that although the most successful mothers were those with high levels of warmth and low levels of restrictiveness over the first 24 months of their child's life, restrictiveness increased in these mothers as their children moved into the second year of life (Smith et al., 2000).

For example, a longitudinal study revealed that youths displayed more externalizing behavior in years that their family income was lower than in years that their family income was higher [25].

The development of emotional regulation capacities in children at high versus low risk for externalizing disorder was examined in a longitudinal study investigating: (a) whether disturbances in emotion regulation precede and predict the emergence of externalizing symptoms and (b) whether sensitive maternal behavior is a significant influence on the development of child emotion regulation.

Mother - Toddler Play Interaction in Extremely, Very Low Birth Weight, and Full - Term Children: A Longitudinal Study.

Thus, the current study examines bidirectional effects of parenting, specifically harsh punishment practices and caregiver low warmth, and BPD symptoms in girls aged 14 — 17 years based on annual, longitudinal data from the Pittsburgh Girls Study (N = 2,451) in the context of child and caregiver characterisstudy examines bidirectional effects of parenting, specifically harsh punishment practices and caregiver low warmth, and BPD symptoms in girls aged 14 — 17 years based on annual, longitudinal data from the Pittsburgh Girls Study (N = 2,451) in the context of child and caregiver characterisStudy (N = 2,451) in the context of child and caregiver characteristics.

Moreover, Gartstein et al. (2012), in a longitudinal study that covered early childhood (from infancy till preschool period), found that higher levels of both surgency and negative emotionality predicted preschoolers» higher levels of externalizing problems, while higher levels of effortful control were linked to lower levels of externalizing difficulties.

In a longitudinal study of 132 children by Hay et al [36], lower IQ scores, attentional problems, difficulties in mathematical reasoning and special educational needs were significantly more frequent in children whose mothers were depressed at three months postpartum than in controlIn a longitudinal study of 132 children by Hay et al [36], lower IQ scores, attentional problems, difficulties in mathematical reasoning and special educational needs were significantly more frequent in children whose mothers were depressed at three months postpartum than in controlin mathematical reasoning and special educational needs were significantly more frequent in children whose mothers were depressed at three months postpartum than in controlin children whose mothers were depressed at three months postpartum than in controlin controls.

Our findings concur with two other longitudinal studies (Steiger et al. 2014; Trzesniewski et al. 2006) in which negative effects of low self - esteem on depressive symptoms up to two decades later were found, although our effects were weaker.

The study utilized comprehensive health care data collected as part of the Concordia Longitudinal Research Project, an intergenerational study of health and development in families from lower income inner - city communities initiated in 1976 (Serbin, Cooperman, Peters, Lehoux, Stack, & Schwartzman, 1998).

However, due to the limited time span of most longitudinal studies, little is known about the duration in which adolescents with low self - esteem remain vulnerable to develop depressive symptoms.

In the realm of trait variables, in a longitudinal study of stable outpatients involving an initial assessment and a 9 - mo follow - up session, 24 those who scored high on a self - report measure of trait anxiety at the initial assessment and who experienced one or more «independent» stressful life events (ie, events not caused by patient behavior) during the month prior to the follow - up session showed significant increases in psychotic symptoms compared with those who either were low in trait anxiety or had no independent stressful life eventIn the realm of trait variables, in a longitudinal study of stable outpatients involving an initial assessment and a 9 - mo follow - up session, 24 those who scored high on a self - report measure of trait anxiety at the initial assessment and who experienced one or more «independent» stressful life events (ie, events not caused by patient behavior) during the month prior to the follow - up session showed significant increases in psychotic symptoms compared with those who either were low in trait anxiety or had no independent stressful life eventin a longitudinal study of stable outpatients involving an initial assessment and a 9 - mo follow - up session, 24 those who scored high on a self - report measure of trait anxiety at the initial assessment and who experienced one or more «independent» stressful life events (ie, events not caused by patient behavior) during the month prior to the follow - up session showed significant increases in psychotic symptoms compared with those who either were low in trait anxiety or had no independent stressful life eventin psychotic symptoms compared with those who either were low in trait anxiety or had no independent stressful life eventin trait anxiety or had no independent stressful life events.

The low recruitment rate is attributable, in part, to the longitudinal nature of the study that was described in detail in the recruitment letter (see Holmbeck et al., 2003 for more information on the recruitment of the CG sample and sample matching procedures).

Thirty - two percent of our cohort had sleep problems at 3 to 4 years, slightly lower than the 41 % reported in another longitudinal study of 308 infants.7 However, in that study, no behavioral intervention was offered and persistence of a sleep problem might therefore be more likely.7