Lower yields of crops or damage to crops, water stress, food insecurity, malnutrition, poor health and increased risk of population migration are forecast to become more common globally.
5 percent to 15 percent
lower yields of some crops, including U.S. and African corn and Indian wheat, per degree Celsius of warming.
Not exact matches
Continuing dry conditions in some
cropping areas prevented or delayed the sowing
of winter
crops and are likely to result in
lower yields than is typical
of recoveries from drought.
--- «Growing more
yields of plant foods thru non-organic means
lowers the nutritional value
of food
crops.»
Growing more
yields of plant foods thru non-organic means
lowers the nutritional value
of food
crops.
We might whine when something is out
of stock or more expensive due to
low crop yield, but many around the world don't have that option.
The
low use
of pesticides and fertilizers, clean soil and pure water combine to produce high quality
crop yields.
Crowder, lead author and assistant professor
of entomology at Washington State University, says he and Reganold became interested in the topic after reading a study several years ago that indicated that organic farming produces a
lower crop yield than conventional agriculture.
The
yields are
low, the difficulty
of raising a
crop is high, and the real estate is insanely expensive.
The Agriculture Department announced this season's first major
crop yield forecasts, and they weren't pretty: a nationwide average
of 123.4 bushels
of corn per acre, the
lowest level since 1995.
Declines in the ability
of honey bees to pollinate will result in
lower crop yields.»
In a further setback to reducing U.S. carbon emissions, the U.S Environmental Protection Agency has proposed
lowering the U.S. government's «social cost»
of carbon, or the estimated cost
of sea - level rise,
lower crop yields, and other climate - change related economic damages, from $ 42 per ton by 2020 to a
low of $ 1 per ton.
Between 1985 and 2009,
lower crop yields drove early ripening in four out
of 10 sites in the study.
New University
of Florida research shows growers can keep using both their current sprinkler spacing and
low pressure or enhanced real - time irrigation control to save water — and they can produce the same strawberry
crop yield during mild freezes.
In other words, the poorest households put the greatest efforts into craft production, probably to compensate for
low crop yields or a lack
of land.
In February, at the annual meeting
of the American Association for the Advancement
of Science in St. Louis, he captivated the crowd with early results from a project in Africa that uses
low - cost fertilizers and improved farming techniques to increase
crop yields several times over.
«
Crop protection products such as fungicides help farmers grow quality
crops free
of disease and achieve better
yields, which keeps prices
low for consumers,» said Mike Leggett, senior director
of environmental policy at CropLife America.
But these
crops tend to have
low yields and poor grain quality, says geneticist Pamela Ronald
of the University
of California, Davis, and breeding these plants without knowing what genes to extract is time consuming and inefficient.
As a consequence
of exposure to drought,
crops show poorer growth and
lower yield.
Over 2 decades, the average
crop yield was about 20 %
lower in the organic plots, the team reports in the 31 May issue
of Science.
This study shows that although miscanthus
yield was slightly
lower on marginal,
low - quality land, a farmer would have an economic incentive to grow miscanthus on the
lower quality land first rather than diverting their most productive cropland from growing corn,» said University
of Illinois agricultural economist Madhu Khanna who co-authored the study along with a team
of economists and environmental and
crop scientists from the Energy Biosciences Institute at U
of I.
However, in
low - income regions where populations continue to grow and the food supply is unstable, the cost
of fertilizer can hinder additional applications and cripple
crop yields.
Organic farmers have
lower crop yields and smaller
crops, and have to manage pests with time - consuming, natural methods like
crop rotation, interplanting, and the use
of ladybugs, rather than simply spraying a plant with toxic pesticides.
The thing is, outside
of the three full - size pickups at the top
of the sales list, the current
crop of body - on - frame trucks delivers a relatively
low sales
yield.
That said, today's
crop of high
yield corporate debt is
lower rated than in the past.
The glaring gap between the
yields of basic
crops in poor and rich countries offers huge
low - cost opportunities to improve people's lives and cut environmental impacts from farming.
to the US, not to mention the loss
of lives due to the drop in temps which would cause
lower crop yields.
Methods such as accurate water measurement and soil moisture monitoring, laser - leveling fields, using conservation tillage to retain soil moisture, switching to
low energy precision application sprinklers, lining canals, and employing subsurface drip irrigation where possible could save upwards
of 40 percent
of agriculture's water use while improving
crop yields and saving energy.
The Mail on Sunday says the Summary warns
of negative impacts on
crop yields, with warming responsible for
lower yields of wheat, maize, soya and rice.
Sure enough, the list was a dire roll call, including
lower snowfall and streamflow, reduced
yield of crops, and increased wildfires.
At
lower latitudes, especially the seasonally dry tropics,
crop yields are likely to fall - even for small temperature increases, increasing the risk
of hunger.
The report finds the northern highlands
of Ethiopia around Addis Ababa, its largest city, will see increasing migration outwards up to 2050, as deteriorating water availability and
lower crop yields drives people from rainfed cropland areas.
Other major climate impacts at 2 degrees Celsisus include severe threats to coral reefs across the globe, a greater risk
of long lasting heat waves and extreme rainfall events, and the risk
of lower yields for key
crops like wheat in the globe's tropical regions.
Crop ecologists have a rule
of thumb that each 1 - degree - Celsius rise in temperature above the norm during the growing season
lowers wheat, rice, and corn
yields by 10 percent.
As extreme heat spreads across the middle
of the country by the end
of the century, some states in the Southeast,
lower Great Plains, and Midwest risk up to a 50 % to 70 % loss in average annual
crop yields (corn, soy, cotton, and wheat), absent agricultural adaptation.
At
lower levels
of temperature rise, adaptation has high potential to off - set projected declines in
yields for many
crops, but this effectiveness is expected to be much
lower at higher temperatures.
Insect and disease damaged fruits and vegetables can quickly become unmarketable, and this might explain the relatively
low organic
yields of fruit and vegetable
crops compared to their conventional counterparts.
A majority
of organically - produced
crops in our analysis produced significantly
lower yield compared to conventional systems.
101, no. 27 (6 July 2004), pp. 9,971 — 75; National Academy
of Sciences, «Warmer Evening Temperatures
Lower Rice
Yields,» press release (Washington, DC: 29 June 2004); U.N. Environment Programme (UNEP), «Climate Change: Billions Across the Tropics Face Hunger and Starvation as Big Drop in
Crop Yields Forecast,» press release (Nairobi: 8 November 2001); Wolfram Schlenker and Michael Roberts, «Nonlinear Temperature Effects Indicate Severe Damages to U.S.
Crop Yields Under Climate Change,» Proceedings
of the National Academy
of Sciences, vol.
«The chain
of effects is clearly visible; poor climate conditions lead to
low crop yields, rising cereal prices and finally emigration.
+ but
of course, we do have a lot
of low - hanging fruit on efficiency, the usual improvements in
crop yield, and technology improvements in renewable energy.
The idea is a reasonable one — farmers that have a record
of consistently good
yields and less frequent
crop failures should pay
lower rates for insurance than those with consistently poor
yields and high losses.
Many
crops show positive responses to elevated carbon dioxide and
low levels
of warming, but higher levels
of warming often negatively affect growth and
yields.
say it has been predicted that «the average temperature in the semiarid northwest portion
of China in 2050 will be 2.2 °C higher than it was in 2002,» and they report that based on the observed results
of their study, this increase in temperature «will lead to a significant change in the growth stages and water use
of winter wheat,» such that «
crop yields at both high and
low altitudes will likely increase,» by 2.6 % at
low altitudes and 6.0 % at high altitudes... Even without the benefits
of the aerial fertilization effect and the anti-transpiration effect
of the ongoing rise in the air's CO2 content, the increase in temperature that is predicted by climate models for the year 2050, if it ever comes to pass, will likely lead to increases in winter wheat production in the northwestern part
of China, not the decreases that climate alarmists routinely predict.»
Texas produces 55 %
of the U.S.
crop and two - thirds
of America's
yield is exported to mills in China, Mexico, Vietnam and Thailand, where textile manufacturers drove prices down by reducing their stockpiles hoping to see a glut on the market and hence
lower cotton prices, Miller says.
«To be honest, as far as temperatures, for as far out as we can see there's no relief,» said Brandon Smith, who is expecting temperatures all across Utah to surpass the state's all - time highs this summer.Besides for raising fears about
lower crop yields and an unstable power supply, the record temperatures are making life harder for firefighters who are anticipating more
of the types
of wildfires most recently seen ravaging Southern California.
In the open atmosphere higher CO2 levels boost some
crop yields and
lower others through increased heat, drought, flooding, and spread
of species harmful to the
crops.
Beyond these extreme areas
of contamination, 70 percent
of China's total farmland has experienced
lower crop yields due to excessive fertilizer application and soil erosion, according to Meng Jun, the deputy director
of the Liaoning Biochar Engineering and Technology and Research Center at the University
of Shenyang.