Sentences with phrase «lowest child mortality»

Access to effective birth control, an abundance of food, and low child mortality rates would all obscure the evolutionary influences seen in the preindustrial data.

New research suggests that men raised in countries with higher average lifespans and lower child mortality more strongly prefer women with softer features than do men raised in less healthy nations.

«Our statistical research shows that it is possible to be successful in terms of controlling the HIV epidemic and lowering child mortality, as has been the case in South Africa, but at the same time spectacularly failing to meet MDG4.

In the Memphis site, nurse - visited families also had lower child mortality.

Not exact matches

Summary: Maternal and child undernutrition is highly prevalent in low - income and middle - income countries, resulting in substantial increases in mortality and overall disease burden.

Historically, lower birth rates have resulted in a greater value being placed on infants and children as well as lower infant mortality rates.

In fact, if one considered just three factors (maternal education, maternal prenatal alcohol or tobacco, and marital status) one could predict to a high degree postneonatal mortality: children born to unmarried women with lower education and evidence of prenatal drug use had a postneonatal mortality of about 30 per 1000 live births (similar to Ivory Coast); children born to women with none of these risk factors had a postneonatal mortality of about 2 per 1000 live births (similar to Norway); that is, children in this latter category almost never die despite evidence from PRAMS surveys that they are as likely to co-sleep with their parents.

In the Netherlands a home birth is the standard, yet they have one of the lowest mother / child mortality rates in the world, which isfood for thought.

Similarly, results of a 2013 systematic review and meta - analysis found that diarrhoea incidence and mortality were lower in infants and children who were breastfed compared to those that were not.

The indicators used for the rankings were child marriage, maternal mortality, teenage pregnancy, women's representation in parliament and the rate of completion of lower - secondary school among girls.

New York City Council Speaker Cory Johnson and Majority Leader Laurie Cumbo announced the package of 10 bills on Sunday and said the measures would be introduced this week... The proposals include: Requiring businesses with more than 15 employees to provide lactation spaces and refrigerators to store breast milk, Requiring lactation rooms in all schools, police precincts, and jails that house women or allow women visitors, Assessing the need for free and low - cost doula services in the city, Creating a report on maternal mortality, Requiring that inmates be able to choose the gender of their doctor, Requiring the city to provide diapers at shelters, subsidized child care centers and other locations, Creating a study and pilot program for on - site childcare for city employees, Allowing campaign funds to be used for certain childcare costs of candidates who are primary caregivers» http://bit.ly/2jTiAtZ

«Primarily because of grand corruption under successive governments since the return of democracy in 1999, millions of Nigerians continue to live in extreme poverty, a condition manifested by the lack of clean water, malnutrition, high rates of child mortality and morbidity, low life expectancy, illiteracy, perception of hopelessness and social exclusion.»

While the overall rate of these infections in children is still low, ESBL - producing bacteria can spread rapidly and have been linked to longer hospital stays, higher health care costs, and increased mortality, the study authors noted.

It was good to see attention drawn to the need for more resources to reduce child mortality in low - income countries...

In particular, child mortality was shown to be lower when the measles vaccine came after the third diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP3) vaccination, as recommend by the WHO, compared to before DTP or given together with DTP.

«Measles vaccine increases child survival beyond protecting against measles: New study shows all - cause mortality is significantly lower when a child's most recent immunization is a measles vaccine.»

Writing in a linked Comment, Professor Peter Byass, Umeå Centre for Global Health Research says «Undoubtedly child mortality is falling, and the world should be proud of this progress» but he adds»... Of the estimated six million under - 5 child deaths in 2015, only a small proportion were adequately documented at the individual level, with particularly low proportions evident in low - income and middle - income countries, where most childhood deaths occur... That six million under - 5 children continue to die every year in our 21st century world is unacceptable, but even worse is that we seem collectively unable to count, and hence be accountable for, most of those individual deaths.»

Whether education rises from high levels (say, 10 years to 11) or low levels (from one year to two), child mortality drops (the lines get thinner).

The mortality rate in the UK for children under five is 4.9 deaths per 1000 births, more than double that in Iceland (2.4 per 1000 births), the country with the lowest mortality rates.

Among these studies are studies on more than 19,000 children representing of 47,000 patient years of growth hormone treatment; a prospective study of 100 adult growth hormone — deficient patients followed for 1 to 4 years, a study of 910 children treated with growth hormone for 11 years, a study of 32 adults and children followed for up to 40 years treated with growth hormone (average 10.8 years); a study of 180 growth hormone — treated children followed for over 6 years with reduced cancer recurrence risk (RR 0.6); a prospective analysis of 289 growth hormone — deficient adults who, after 5 years of growth hormone therapy, showed lower risk of malignancy (RR 0.25) and decreased risk of myocardial infarction (RR 0.19) and early mortality (RR 0.22) compared with the untreated group.

Educated girls marry later, have lower rates of infant and maternal mortality, and are more likely to immunize their children and less likely to contract malaria and HIV.

The countries with the lowest quality of life have more children in their population and also a higher infant mortality rate.

Resource scarcity and pollution; maternal and child mortality; unemployment, low wages and poverty; lagging investments in health, education and infrastructure; political unrest and crime, noted Wilmoth, will all need to be considered.

If its goal of providing family planning services to 120 million more women in the developing world is met, the payoff would be enormous at multiple levels: lower maternal and child mortality, better health, higher educational attainment, poverty reduction, greater food and water security.

Since women have a higher life expectancy and mortality charges for your young children are much lower, you fall into a trap.

As the membership association for Healthy Start programs nationwide, NHSA promotes the development of community - based maternal and child health programs, particularly those addressing the issues of infant mortality, low birth weight and racial disparities in perinatal outcomes.

This program reduced the high mortality rate of inner - city infants from summer diarrhea when previous efforts of private agencies had failed.5 In the late 20th century, as funding for public health nurses has declined relative to the need, home - visitation programs have focused on families with special problems such as premature or low - birth - weight infants, children with developmental delay, teenage parents, and families at risk for child abuse or neglect.6

The program of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses, tested with a primarily white sample, produced a 48 percent treatment - control difference in the overall rates of substantiated rates of child abuse and neglect (irrespective of risk) and an 80 percent difference for families in which the mothers were low - income and unmarried at registration.21 Corresponding rates of child maltreatment were too low to serve as a viable outcome in a subsequent trial of the program in a large sample of urban African - Americans, 20 but program effects on children's health - care encounters for serious injuries and ingestions at child age 2 and reductions in childhood mortality from preventable causes at child age 9 were consistent with the prevention of abuse and neglect.20, 22

Prior research has documented an association between prenatal father involvement and positive outcomes for maternal and child health, including increased prenatal care usage, decreased smoking and alcohol consumption, and a reduction in low birth weight, preterm birth, and infant mortality.

It currently serves families in approximately one - third of counties with high rates of infant mortality, children living in poverty, low - weight births, and teen births.

Aboriginal Australians experience multiple social and health disadvantages from the prenatal period onwards.1 Infant2 and child3 mortality rates are higher among Aboriginal children, as are well - established influences on poor health, cognitive and education outcomes, 4 — 6 including premature birth and low birth weight, 7 — 9 being born to teenage mothers7 and socioeconomic disadvantage.1, 8 Addressing Aboriginal early life disadvantage is of particular importance because of the high birth rate among Aboriginal people10 and subsequent young age structure of the Aboriginal population.11 Recent population estimates suggest that children under 10 years of age account for almost a quarter of the Aboriginal population compared with only 12 % of the non-Aboriginal population of Australia.11

(i) premature birth, low - birth weight infants, and infant mortality, including infant death due to neglect, or other indicators of at - risk prenatal, maternal, newborn, or child health;

The fact that infant and child mortality rates - sensitive indicators of the effects of poverty on health - are low on a world scale might be thought to exonerate poverty as a cause of the health disadvantage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders people.

Aboriginal health is clearly much lower than it could be, but the problem is one of adult mortality, in addition to avoidable deaths among young children.

Using experimental methods researchers have found support for: childhood stress (§ 6b) and father absence (§ 6c) lowering preferred age at first birth and increasing sexual risk taking [45,53]; attachment style (§ 6e) influencing parenthood - related thoughts [60]; cultural norms (§ 6m) discouraging reproduction outside stable unions [12]; women's reproductive autonomy (§ 6i) influencing their fertility preferences [47]; paternity uncertainty (§ 6j) discouraging parental investment by men [55]; high cost of children (§ 6l) encouraging delayed reproduction and lower fertility [36,47]; resource stress and limitation (§ 6o) affecting mating preferences [12,36,40,51]; and mortality risk and salience (§ 6p) encouraging a greater interest in children, earlier reproduction and higher fertility [6,41,42,45,57 — 59].

Low level of parental education and income largely accounted for the clear excess risk of mortality among children in single - parent families.

[54] It also impacts on low birth rate and infant child mortality.

the leading causes of Indigenous child mortality — including low birth weight, respiratory and other infections and injuries

the main components of excess child mortality — low birth weight, respiratory and other infections, and injuries;