Sentences with phrase «lowest emission factor»

In general, the carbon dioxide emission factors are lowest for coal produced in States east of the Mississippi River (Figure FE1), where the predominant coals are bituminous in rank and therefore have relatively low emission factors.

Not exact matches

These factors allow the firm to analyze things like hours of operation, transportation coverage, reliability, efforts to lower emissions and congestion, and average time spent commuting.

«Without detailed information from these companies explaining how they arrived at their estimated emissions factors, it is not possible for us to assess why the emissions factors they use are so much lower than those determined by the FAO.»

«Consumers often equate more dependence on pasture with environmentally friendly farming, but this study demonstrated that low milk production per cow is a major factor associated with high GHG emission.

Because of all of these factors, Vancouver has the lowest per - capita carbon emissions of any major city in the Western Hemisphere.

Many emission factors used to estimate releases of methane — a potent greenhouse gas associated with oil and natural gas development — are «far too low,» says Robert Howarth, an ecology and environmental biology professor at Cornell University.

The goal was to figure out which factors influence ammonia emissions in dairy barns and to, ultimately, lower the amount of ammonia being released from dairy facilities, says Adeline Bougouin, lead author of the study.

However, emission factors for Chinese coal were on average 40 per cent lower than the default levels recommended by the IPCC.

Other notable factors are a lower proportion of diesel - powered engines across the Australian car and LCV fleet than in Europe, fewer government incentives for lower - emissions vehicles and relatively low fuel prices compared with Europe.

Or will authorities finally beging to plan where homes and buildings are, tighten up on fuel and emissions regulations, and do all the things that make peoplpe more healthy AND, oh yes, also mean that factor of two or three lower carbon intensity?

The key factors determining carbon emissions for corn - based ethanol are (1) whether coal or natural gas is used to power the ethanol plant, (2) whether distillers grains are dried or sold wet, and (3) whether expansion of corn acreage comes mainly from reduced acreage of lower - value crops or if idled land is brought into production.

After accounting for errors associated with transport, planetary boundary layer height, lateral boundary conditions, seasonality of emissions, and the spatial resolution of surface emission prior estimates, we find that the California Air Resources Board (CARB) CH4 budget is a factor of 1.64 too low.

When you factor in energy use and emissions along the full fuel cycle, households with natural gas versus all - electric appliances produce 37 percent lower greenhouse gas emissions.

In addition, lower latitude regions typically experience higher rates of terrestrial net primary production (NPP), a factor that has been positively correlated with GHG emissions from hydroelectric reservoirs (Hertwich 2013).

Further research is needed to see how the lower bulk density found in nondegraded peat ecosystems might affect emission factors.

Presumably, the CO2 enriched atmosphere was also a factor and as the CO2 emissions from burning carbon laid down in the distant past increases (as it inevitably will) and the temperature sensitivity of the atmosphere to increased concentrations decreases (it's probably quite low now anyway), the biosphere will thrive while the human population stabilizes due to increased wealth and education.

The actual emissions generated by charging an EV can also depend on factors not considered in this analysis, including but not limited to the electric utility you choose (we average emissions from all electric utilities in a given region), presence of home solar panels, voluntary purchase of lower - emission electricity, individual driving behavior, and the time of day that the vehicle is recharged.

However, because of issues related to data quality, the low frequency of extreme event impacts, limited length of the time series, and various societal factors present in the disaster loss record, it is still not possible to determine the portion of the increase in damages that might be attributed to climate change brought about by greenhouse gas emissions (S1).

It is important to note that in the future, plug - in vehicles with large battery packs might be able to offer the largest benefits at the lowest costs if all the right factors fall into place, including low - cost batteries, low - emissions electricity, long battery life, and high gasoline prices.

All these factors actually added up to a pretty clear choice for us of the plug - in Prius (the lowest in oil use and emissions, given our lifestyle patterns).

The problem, these researchers argue, is that a 50 - year baseline includes the period from 1950 to 1970 when relatively lower greenhouse gas emissions and stronger mitigating factors (like emissions of sulfate aerosol, an industrial - era pollutant that actually lowers temperatures by reflecting sunlight) caused global temperatures to stall for two decades.

You aren't thinking about the warming period early last century, because we know it was a relatively brief period, and so lacked huge significance, and was caused by a combination of CO2 emissions, high solar activity and low volcanic activity and the later two factors haven't been apparent since the 1970's modern warming period.

This is 1 to 3 percent lower than the emission factors for lignite in the Fort Union Coal Region in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana and for lignite in the Powder River Basin in Wyoming.

The high carbon dioxide emission factor for anthracite reflects the coal's relatively small hydrogen content, which lowers its heating value.

Because lower rank coals have relatively high carbon dioxide emission factors, increased use of these coals caused the national average carbon dioxide emission factor to rise from 206.5 pounds per million Btu in 1980 to 207.6 pounds per million Btu in 1992.

On the other hand, the single CO vibrational band only absorbs IR at much shorter wavelengths (4.7 microns, or 2145 cm − 1), where the emission of radiant energy from Earth's surface is at least a factor of ten lower.

I suspect that given the paucity of knowledge in relation to clouds and aerosols (not to mention cycles)... the original X factors for the equation ranged through values that at the lower end produced no scary warming scenarios for the future doubling (ie at or lower than 1.5 C) to those that were very scary at 3 - 4.5 C — or even 6 C if you add strong feedbacks from melting ice, permafrost and emissions of methane.

Clean - burning natural gas is a leading factor in cutting US carbon emissions to 20 - year lows.