Sentences with phrase «lymphocytes produce»

These groups of B lymphocytes produce antibodies specially designed to fight the specific invader or turn into antibody - secreting cells and memory B cells that give long - term protection and help protect the next time the same pathogen is encountered.

Once the body recognizes an invader, lymphocytes produce antibodies, special chemicals tailored to fight a specific kind of invading microbe or material.

Antigens that make their way into the body or develop within our cells are recognized primarily by the lymphocytes produced by the thymus and bone marrow, or picked up as they pass through the secondary lymphatic organs.

Not exact matches

These growth modulators are produced either by the epithelial cells of the mammary gland or by activated macrophages, lymphocytes (mainly T cells), or neutrophils in the milk.

«Myeloid - derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) produce reactive nitrogen radicals that alter the receptors on the surface of the tumour to hide it from cytotoxic lymphocytes that kill tumour cells.

The role of B lymphocytes in producing protective antibodies that are secreted into the intestine is well - recognized.

The ability of tumor - infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) such as T cells to produce multitudes of clones that overwhelm and effectively control cancer cells has been demonstrated, but the significance of the composition of T - cell repertories is unknown.

Under the influence of HIF, B - lymphocytes, which usually have a crucial role to play in the excessive immune response, start to produce the regulating messenger substance Interleukin 10, inhibiting the inflammatory process.

The orbital remodeling in TED is likely induced by infiltrating T lymphocytes and mast cells, which activate orbital fibroblast effector cells to either proliferate and form scar - producing cells called myofibroblasts or turn into pro-inflammatory fat cells.

But in April 2006, Hans - Reimer Rodewald, an immunologist at the University of Ulm in Germany, reported that mice have two thymus organs — one of them somehow undiscovered — and that both can produce immune cells called T lymphocytes.

Although GMCSF is mostly known for its role in inflammation, Dr. Merad's laboratory discovered that GM - CSF is produced in the normal gut by specialized cells called innate lymphocyte cells (ILCs) in response to microbiota signals.

LPA is produced by a specific type of stromal cells, which forms a scaffold for lymphocytes to crawl around within the node.

T lymphocytes and NH cells in the asthmatic lung produce proteins named interleukin (IL)-5 and IL - 13 that are responsible for severe airway inflammation.

They help develop immunity by imitating an infection, which causes the immune system to produce T - lymphocytes and antibodies.

It is believed to result from a combination of genetics and environmental factors such as irritants and allergens that drive T lymphocytes to produce factors that cause abnormal changes in keratinocytes, the predominant cell type in the outermost layer of skin, as well as changes in other cells in the underlying dermis.

Instead of producing healthy lymphocytes, white blood cells that fight infections, his bone marrow was unleashing abnormal lymphocytes into his bloodstream.

Researchers carried out the study by chemically inhibiting the production of antibody - producing white blood cells (B lymphocytes) in broiler chicks, before introducing C.jejuni infection at the age of three weeks and then monitoring bacteria levels in the gut for the next nine weeks.

It is caused by the Epstein - Barr virus (EBV), which infects B cells (B - lymphocytes), producing a reactive lymphocytosis and the atypical T cells (T - lymphocytes).

CHICAGO, Ill. — The ability of tumor - infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) such as T cells to produce multitudes of clones that overwhelm and effectively control cancer cells has been demonstrated, but the significance of the composition of T - cell repertories is unknown.

Researchers can grow these lymphocytes in the laboratory with the help of substances, such as interleukin 2, that are produced by cells of the immune system.

However, lymphocytes isolated from recipients of either CD8 + T cells or CD8 − T cells produced significant in vitro apoptosis of donor - specific corneal endothelial cells.

If sufficient 1,25 - dihydroxyvitamin D is produced, it may exert paracrine effects on surrounding T lymphocytes, thereby regulating the tissue - specific immune responses.10 Some support for this hypothesis comes from recent experiments showing that mice fed diets high in vitamin D had significantly fewer clinical and pathological signs of EAE than mice fed a vitamin D — deficient diet.37 Central nervous system levels of 1,25 - dihydroxyvitamin D, but not blood levels, were higher in supplemented mice than in vitamin D — deficient mice and correlated inversely with disease severity.

The elevated incidence of glomerulonephritis in p21 - deficient mice, with increased severity among females, has been reported previously (35) and is attributable to an autoimmune process produced by abnormal proliferation of memory T - cell lymphocytes.

These genes are assembled by DNA recombination and code for proteins that are a crucial part of antibodies, produced in antibody - secreting lymphocytes or B - cells.

While cytotoxic lymphocytes are known to produce anti-tumor activity, T cell response can be modulated by activating and inhibitory co-receptors.

Reduced levels of secreted IL - 22 in heterogeneous lymphocyte mixtures of Rag1 - / - splenocytes could be due to another cell affecting ILC3 production of IL - 22 and / or modulation in IL - 22 from other innate immune cells that have been reported to produce low levels of IL - 22, such as DCs or neutrophils [22, 42, 43].

Moreover, the researchers also discovered that the formation of normal B lymphocyte groups that produce antibodies to fight real infections is not dependent on interferon gamma signaling.

In this study, we found IL7RαhiCcr6 + innate - like lymphocytes were mostly LN resident and they produced IL17 within hours of bacterial or fungal challenge.

Taken together, our findings indicate that multiple biologically relevant LPA species (18:1, 18:2, 20:4) are produced by FRCs, which may in turn act locally on LPA receptors expressed by adjacent lymphocytes.

Inside the lymph nodes are special white blood cells called lymphocytes that produce antibodies.

The spirochete infects the B - lymphocyte cells of the immune system, the very cells that are supposed to produce antibodies to fight the infection, therefore paralyzing the immune system.

It produces thymosin which triggers the immune system by activating the T - Cells and T - Lymphocytes which are white blood cells associated with antibody production.

APS (also known as astragalus polysaccharide) has been shown to activate the immune system by enhancing the transformation of T lymphocytes (a sub-type of white blood cells, crucial in the regulation of immune responses), as well as the activation of B lymphocytes (which produce antibodies that are used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins) and dendritic cells, which trigger immune reactions to toxins.

Upon detection of the antigen, the lymphatic system initiates a immunological cascade that activates or produces more and more lymphocytes to wipe out the threat.

Another thing to consider is that if lymphocytes are high, neutrophils are usually low, because the immune system preferentially produces more of the cells that are necessary to fight the infection.

Lymphocytes are your immune system's disease - fighting cells and are produced and stored mainly in your lymphatic tissue17 (thymus gland, spleen, and lymph nodes).

Because the virus attacks the cells that produce immunity (T and B - lymphocytes) dogs are always immuno - suppressed early in the disease.

The only white blood cells that didn't originate in the dog or cat's bone marrow are its lymphocytes - those were produced in its lymphatic tissues (lymph nodes, etc.); In dogs and cats, those are also the ones most likely to become cancerous.

Second, some probiotics are known to aid in the synthesis of natural antibodies while also boosting the capability of natural killer cells, T - lymphocytes, and even cells that produce immunoglobulins.

Lymphocytes are important to the dog's immune system as they are a type of white blood cell that can produce antibodies that attack foreign matter, such as invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins associated with kennel cough virus (27).

In this form, lymphocytes (white blood cells) and plasma cells (cells that produce antibody) are the primary types of inflammatory cells present in the mucosa.

The ones that interest veterinarians most are usually the Gamma globulins (IgG) that are produced by your pet's lymphocytes and plasma cells and IgE, the globulin related to allergy.

ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band cell — type of white blood cell Baso basophil — type of white blood cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood cell antibody test (immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil — type of white blood cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver, immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup of white blood cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed - cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte — type of white blood cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed - cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory concentration — part of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte — type of white blood cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood cell — immature red blood cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed - cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet — cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil — type of white blood cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function, urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)

One theory regards the cause to be a defect in t - lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) which respond to an immunosuppressive substance produced by the mites, resulting in a dog whose immune system can not get rid of the mites.

When a vaccine is given, antibodies are produced by the lymphocytes, but in addition to antibodies, particular lymphocytes called «memory» cells are produced.

Lymphocytes and plasma cells (specialized types of white blood cells) produce an immune response through production of antibodies.