Sentences with phrase «m elevation surface»

Not exact matches

For example, a higher ridge elevation suggests a thicker crust, which in turn suggests that a larger volume of magma was erupted at the surface.

Exact numbers are a work in progress The scientists used a combination of surface elevation data from satellites and planes between 1978 and 2012 and a GPS network that weighs the ice sheet like a scale, according to Ohio State.

Although CryoSat - 2 is designed to measure changes in the ice sheet elevation, these can be translated into horizontal motion at the grounding line using knowledge of the glacier and sea floor geometry and the Archimedes principle of buoyancy — which relates the thickness of floating ice to the height of its surface.

«This material contributes significantly to the high elevation of the Martian southern hemisphere and underscores the role of major impacts in shaping the early surfaces of the solid planets,» says Maria Zuber of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who is a member of the mapping team.

Using data from Global Positioning System (GPS) stations and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) images collected during successive satellite fly - overs, ASU researchers were able to measure changes in surface elevation during a time period spanning the main Gorkha event, and several major aftershocks, with centimeter accuracy.

Instead, radar has been used by spacecraft to penetrate the clouds and map out the surface — both by reflecting radar off the surface to measure elevation and by looking at the radio emissions of the hot surface.

«We're measuring the elevation of a liquid surface on another body 10 astronomical units away from the sun to an accuracy of roughly 40 centimeters.

By comparing the changes in elevation of the entire surfaces of these volcanoes, they were able to measure how they rose and fell over that time.

And the last source, researchers report in an upcoming issue of Geology, was rain falling into the Andes Mountains 100 kilometers east of the Atacama, leaching material like dichromate ions into ground water flowing toward the desert; over millions of years, the mountains grew taller and the change in elevation forced more ground water toward the surface.

Now MIT scientists have found that despite these similarities, the origins of topography, or surface elevations, on Mars and Titan are very different from that on Earth.

ASTER data is used to create detailed maps of land surface temperature, reflectance, and elevation.ASTER captures high spatial resolution data in 14 bands, from the visible to the thermal infrared wavelengths, and provides stereo viewing capability for digital elevation model creation.

Closer to the coast in the low elevations, water is pooling just below the snowy surface.

The Web GIS tutorial video and the teacher guide also models data exploration and analysis techniques for using the elevation - profile tool to discover that ocean bathymetry is related to both surface heat flow and the age of the ocean floor.

The track is very challenging, partly because of the low - grip surface, the width of the circuit, the shape and profile of the corners and the elevation changes.

This is one of the most iconic tracks at which we race, and for good reason: elevation changes — most notably the Corkscrew — plus an unpredictable track surface and full range of temperatures.

Algarve is not a track to misjudge, and the surfaces only compound the natural challenge of its elevation change and blind corners.

At a surface elevation of 6,225 ft, it is located along the border between...

Though the glaciated surface flows down to the sea, much of the miles thick ice fills a vast central basin, the land beneath sloping downhill towards Greenland's center, much of which is over a kilometer below the elevation of the coast.

[Response: They measure something different (MSU - TLT is a weighted average of temperatures reaching from the surface to 10 km, peaking at around ~ 4 km and with significant influence from surface type depending on elevation and polar latitude).

He was an author of a 2011 paper containing the map at right, showing areas where surface erosion, compaction of soil or subsidence lowered levee elevations in ways that raise risks in such floods.

The surface elevations of the West Antarctic ice sheet are about half as high as those of East Antarctica.

-- that helped lubricate the base — had not been scoured away yet; thinner ice sheets have lower elevations and thus tend to have warmer surfaces.

Further the low surface slopes and smooth flow patterns of PIG suggested to Hughes that there was no indication of a landward rise in the elevation of the glacier bed; such a rise would help stabilize the glacier.

There has to be an obvious and simple flaw in the using of lower troposphere satellite temperatures at 3,000 m elevation to guesstimate actual surface polar temperatures.

A facile illustration of the effects of atmospheric pressure on the surface temperatures of a planet like Earth can be found in the Grand Canyon, Southwestern U.S.. There, the North Rim is about 1,000 feet (305 meters) higher in elevation than the South Rim.

Lead author Johnson's original idea had been to collect rocks from lower elevations and right next to the current day ice surface.

Satellite radar altimetry, in which timing of a radar or laser beam return back to a satellite is used as a measure of surface elevation, enabled researchers to assess ice mass by examining elevation change over time.

Although CryoSat - 2 is designed to measure changes in the ice sheet elevation, these can be translated into horizontal motion at the grounding line using knowledge of the glacier and sea floor geometry and the Archimedes principle of buoyancy — which relates the thickness of floating ice to the height of its surface.

At some lower elevation these mesh surfaces will not be much warmer than the air, but if increase the elevation at some point the mesh should be considerably warmer than the air.

What is mostly going to heat Venus depends upon how high the elevation of surface is.

The NASA ABoVE LVIS L2 Geolocated Surface Elevation Product data set is now available at the NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center (NSIDC DAAC) from... Read more»

Water surfaces have low reflectivity (4 — 10 percent), except in low solar elevations, and are the most efficient absorbers.

If the deeps were contracting thermally, the given surface elevation estimate would be too low.

Of the radiant energy reaching the top of the atmosphere, 46 percent is absorbed by Earth's surface on average, but this value varies significantly from place to place, depending on cloudiness, surface type, and elevation.

This ice reached surface elevations of more than 1000 m along the coast of the central and southern Transantarctic Mountains and Marie Byrd Land.

A liquid - expansion or platinum - resistance thermometer placed in the atmosphere at elevation 2m (for example) above ocean or land surface measures: — molecular kinetic energy (molecular translational energy, heat) plus — LWR energy plus — molecular vibrational energy of the GHGs (primarily H2O in the gaseous form) because LWR energy and molecular vibrational energy of the GHGs are transmuted to molecular kinetic energy (molecular translational energy, heat) upon impacting upon the molecules of the solid and I understand that there is no transverse electromagnetic radiation inside a solid.

The cores from the site — located roughly in the middle of Greenland at an elevation of about 9,850 feet — are four - inch - diameter cylinders brought to the surface in 11.5 - foot lengths, said White.

Zwally's analysis also noted that previous estimates of Antarctica's ice mass had assumed that increases in surface elevation were due to snowfall.

In fact, if you know surface temperature and absolute humidity you will be able to determine the temperature profile of the atmosphere at any elevation.»

Shfaqat Khan from the Technical University of Denmark and colleagues used more than 30 years of surface elevation measurements of the entire ice sheet to discover that overall loss is accelerating.

Indeed as as MarkW has said the extension during the austral winter of the surface of the antarctic ice up to 20 M km ² and 60 ° S would deserve a computation of the total albedo of (floating ice + snow cover)(over the southern and the northern hemispheres), with due account of the elevation of the Sun and of the clouds.

The laser altimeter data were extracted for different types of glacier surfaces derived from the Landsat data and compared with the digital elevation model to obtain elevation differences over time.

Measuring the change of surface elevation is within the grasp of several methods.

If the land is rolling or hilly, the cold air formed on the higher land surfaces tends to drain into the hollows, producing a larger and thicker inversion above low ground and little or none above higher elevations.

Strictly speaking, we mean that their surfaces are getting lower, but we can correct for the possibility that part of that is due to change of the bed elevation.

3D view in wxNVIZ — GRASS GIS 7 The 25m European Digital Elevation Model (EU - DEM, Version 1) is a Digital Surface Model (DSM) representing the first surface as illuminated by the sSurface Model (DSM) representing the first surface as illuminated by the ssurface as illuminated by the sensors:

An alternative approach to the same problem would be regression kriging where the trends are removed externally resulting in a trend surface (a polynomial function of latitude and elevation), the residuals are kriged using ordinary kriging, and the predictions from the trend surface and kriging of the residuals recombined at locations of interest.

Or it might push the surface of the Earth down so much that it reaches warmer elevations where it is more likely to melt.

Scientific confidence of the occurrence of climate change include, for example, that over at least the last 50 years there have been increases in the atmospheric concentration of CO2; increased nitrogen and soot (black carbon) deposition; changes in the surface heat and moisture fluxes over land; increases in lower tropospheric and upper ocean temperatures and ocean heat content; the elevation of sea level; and a large decrease in summer Arctic sea ice coverage and a modest increase in Antarctic sea ice coverage.

If vapor retarders are located to the exterior in mixed climates (and are coupled with permeable interior sheathings and finishes), they should be maintained at a warm enough temperature during the heating season to control the amount of interior moisture which can accumulate on their interior surfaces (elevation of the condensing surface temperature).