Sentences with phrase «macrophage cells from»

Borgeson said one of lipoxin A4's key mechanisms of action is to switch the phenotype of the fat tissue macrophage cells from inflammatory to anti-inflammatory.

«When we analyzed tissue samples in the lab, we found that exposing white fat to macrophage cells from the immune system inhibited the transformation.»

Not exact matches

By analyzing chemical changes of the IRS - 2 protein in immortalized cultures of human white blood cells, it determined that IRS - 2 appeared in two different forms — «on,» which allows the signal to pass through, and «off,» which stops the signal from activating the cells into M2 macrophages.

[Chinedu Nwokoro et al., «Inhaled black carbon in the lower airways of London cyclists»] Researchers at the London School of Medicine collected sputum samples from healthy non-smokers who walk or bike to see how much black carbon was in airway macrophages — a type of white blood cell that takes in foreign material.

The research team, Heller says, has already begun experiments to further explore the implications of these results, which include looking at differences in this pathway between cells taken from allergic and healthy individuals, and testing the efficacy of an inhalable drug that mimics the function of GRB1 and p70S6K to shut off the development of M2 macrophages in the lungs of mice.

Kilian said these questions range from the basic — how macrophages signal to the breast cells — to the more long - term: Can therapeutics be used to disrupt that communication?

A final series of tests confirmed that toxic compounds generated by antibodies kill bacteria without any help from other immune cells, like macrophages.

They have discovered that «itaconate» — a molecule derived from glucose — acts as a powerful off - switch for macrophages, which are the cells in the immune system that lie at the heart of many inflammatory diseases including arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and heart disease.

This is important as one of the reasons tumour cells are so pernicious is that they are able to hide from the body's immune system, by hijacking macrophages.

Over the following few weeks, these cells are replaced by new macrophages derived from precursor cells known as monocytes.

In some instances, however, the flu virus can prevent the macrophages from carrying out their protective function, allowing the epithelial cells to become vulnerable to infection.

This study looked at two kinds of directly converted cells: liver cells made from skin cells, and macrophages made from B cells.

The researchers used a new cell tracing method to follow the movement of peritubular macrophages from the bone marrow to the testes.

A combination of hypoxia and messages from the tumor cells initiates a process whereby the newly arrived macrophages assume their bad - boy identity as tumor promoters.

Its analgesic effect stems from the compound's ability to inhibit the production of cytokines and chemokines, which are small signaling molecules that attract inflammatory macrophages to the nerve cells.

Trapnell and Suzuki were prompted to test the novel macrophage transplantation therapy by studies showing that resident macrophage populations (such as those residing in the lung) can self - maintain without the cells having to regenerate directly from the bone marrow.

Pancreatic cancer cells are known to emit signals that shift the lineage of in - rushing macrophages from M1 to immune - suppressing M2.

Their interaction prevented first - responder immune cells, called macrophages, from triggering reactions that kill cancer cells.

When mice bearing pancreatic tumors were injected with an antibody that prevents galectin - 9 from docking into dectin - 1, they developed M1 macrophages, which sent signals that dramatically increased the number of T cells capable of attacking the cancer cells.

Copeland's team also noted that these mice suffered from a host of immune - related problems, the most crippling being a flood of macrophages — a type of white blood cell — damaging the lungs and other organs.

Mammals keep iron out of reach of invading microbes by storing it in cells like macrophages — white blood cells which, among other things, normally «recycle» the iron from red blood cells back into the bloodstream.

The study examined nanoparticle entry into endothelial cells and macrophages for the in vitro study, and the same type of cells from the lung, heart and bone marrow for the in vivo component.

Drs. Merad and Mortha are now developing a multiscale approach to identify GM - CSF downstream targets using macrophages and dendritic cells isolated from GM - CSF deficient mice and exposed to recombinant GMCSF.

They will study human macrophages and dendritic cells isolated from IBD patients with defective GM - CSF function, «The approach represents a step forward in personalizing how we treat patients with IBD,» said Dr. Colombel.

Their idea emerged from test - tube experiments that Munn did years ago, when he showed that some macrophages could stop T cells in their tracks by starving them of a building block called tryptophan.

Her research suggested that T cells can also send signals that activate the brain's resident immune cells, microglia and blood - borne macrophages, telling them to protect the injured neurons from toxins released by the injury.

By inhibiting the COX - 2 enzyme, and consequently inhibiting interleukin - 17A, celecoxib could indirectly prevent macrophages from killing the injected stem cells and instead allow them to heal the wound.

It is now understood that such macrophages received the same «don't eat me» signal from both healthy and cancerous cells.

When SIRPA contacts CD47 on any other cell, it serves as a safeguard that prevents the macrophage from engulfing the other cell, even if it's cancerous.

«Safety thus far is likely a consequence of both the relatively small number of engineered macrophages that are injected and their sequestration into the tumors, away from most healthy cells,» Discher said.

«Our new approach takes young and aggressive macrophages from the bone marrow of a human donor and removes a key safeguard that cancer cells have co-opted to prevent them from being engulfed,» Alvey said.

CD47 is key to protecting red blood cells from macrophages, and red blood cells are particularly sensitive to the blocking effects of the antibody as they get older, Leeper says.

In this study, the researchers found that macrophages from mice lacking Smurf1 were unable to attach the death - tagging protein ubiquitin to intracellular bacteria, resulting in a failure of the autophagy pathway and runaway growth of the bacteria inside the cells.

Dr. Barreiro's team demonstrated how the protective programs were imprinted and transmitted from stem cells all the way to macrophages.

So Christina Cammel of the Yale School of Medicine and her team isolated macrophages from the fat tissue of young and old mice, and sequenced the DNA from these cells.

By means of their mouse model, the hormone researchers from Ulm could prove that dexamethasone — mediated through the dimer function of GR — leads to the release of sphingosine -1-phosphate in the macrophages, a tissue hormone that fosters growth, migration and division of cells and has a stabilization effect on inner vessel walls.

In a separate set of experiments, Frank showed that the PcrV antibodies prevented the bacterium from shooting its toxin into cells, including macrophages, the immune system's scavenger cells, which are particularly vulnerable to Pseudomonas.

To test whether adipose tissue F4 / 80 + cells shared a common bone marrow origin with other tissue macrophage populations, we transplanted bone marrow from C57BL / 6J mice expressing the CD45.1 leukocyte marker into 6 - week - old lethally irradiated C57BL / 6J mice expressing the CD45.2 leukocyte marker.

The bacteria hide within human cells called macrophages, escaping the body's own immune defenses and being shielded from many types of antibiotics.

Macrophages stained with F4 / 80 - APC were separated from F4 / 80 — cells using a FACSAria cell sorter (BD Biosciences Immunocytometry Systems Inc., San Jose, California, USA).

Dr Vince said that soon after infecting a macrophage, Legionella bacteria alter the composition of proteins within their host cell to prevent the host from detecting the infection.

Expression analysis of macrophage and nonmacrophage cell populations isolated from adipose tissue showed that adipose tissue macrophages are the primary sources of TNF - α and other proinflammatory molecules in adipose tissue.

In response to this damage, immune cells residing in the liver are activated, especially macrophages, and additional immune cells are recruited from the circulating blood.

Immunohistochemical detection of cells expressing the macrophage - specific antigen F4 / 80 (arrows) in extensor digitalis longus muscles from C57BL / 6J (a and c) Lepob / ob female and (b and d) lean female mice.

If ingested, the fungal cells resist digestion while hiding from antibodies, T cells, and other immune system components, effectively converting a macrophage into a microbial Trojan horse.

To determine whether adipose tissue macrophages express any molecules implicated in obesity - associated complications, we isolated three cell populations from the parametrial adipose tissue of three obese B6.V Lepob / ob mice: (a) an adipocyte - enriched population, (b) a stromal vascular macrophage F4 / 80 + population, and (c) an F4 / 80 — stromal vascular population.

Flow cytometry of SVCs isolated from two perigondadal adipose tissue depot illustrates that tissue from macrophage - deficient mice (b) contains 34 % the number of F4 / 80 + cells found in adipose tissue from control mice (a).

Macatonia SE, Hsieh C - S, Murphy KM, O'Garra A. Dendritic cells and macrophages are required for Th1 development of CD4 + T cells from alpha beta TCR transgenic mice IL - 12 substitution for macrophages to stimulate IFN - gamma production is IFN - gammadependent.

Resident macrophages from the same lineage, such as liver Kupffer cells, brain microglia, epidermal Langerhans cells, lung alveolar macrophages..., display tissue - specific phenotypes, perform tissue - specific functions and have distinct gene expression profiles.

To illuminate the mechanisms behind this observation, they treated macrophages from both mice and humans with dimethyl itaconate, which is a version of itaconate that makes it easier to permeate through the cells» membrane.