Sentences with phrase «macrophages produced»

Ultimately, Godwin would like to understand why macrophages produced by adult mice and humans don't suppress scarring in the same way as in axolotls and then identify molecules and pathways that could be exploited for human therapies.

The new study revealed that pancreatic cancer cells not only send signals that make macrophages produce abnormal amounts of dectin - 1 surface receptors, but also that make tumor cells themselves express high levels of galectin - 9.

In previous research, a team led by the same Artyomov showed that inflammatory immune cells called macrophages produce significant amounts of itaconate when they detect bacteria.

In models lacking NLRX1, innate immune cells called macrophages produce higher levels of IL - 6, a signaling molecule that has a central role in colorectal cancer development.

This immune activity takes the form of a TH1 dominant cellular response in which macrophages produce ILI, IL6, and TNFalpha, all of which have been shown to be elevated in the setting of depression.

Not exact matches

These growth modulators are produced either by the epithelial cells of the mammary gland or by activated macrophages, lymphocytes (mainly T cells), or neutrophils in the milk.

Two groups had their immune systems altered to produce fewer macrophages, the white blood cells that attack pathogens.

When macrophages are stimulated with an endotoxin, they produce a factor or factors, termed cachectin, that inhibits the activity of fat - producing (lipogenic) enzymes in cultured adipocytes.

The team found that the compounds prevent macrophages from producing messenger molecules called cytokines, which drive inflammation.

In this study, the researchers found that a specific population of immune cells called macrophages have the ability to secrete or produce a protective or healing factor known as Interleukin - 10 (IL - 10), which can interact with receptors on intestinal epithelial cells to promote wound healing.

On encountering the TB bacillus, receptors on immune - system scavenger cells known as macrophages stimulate the conversion of circulating vitamin D to its active form, which produces a peptide that destroys the bacillus.

They first showed that mice with severed sensory nerves produce excessive BH4, churned out both by the injured nerve cells themselves and by macrophages — immune cells that infiltrate damaged nerves and inflamed tissue.

In earlier studies involving animal models and human cancer cell lines, researchers found that breast cancer spreads when three specific cells are in direct contact: an endothelial cell (a type of cell that lines the blood vessels), a perivascular macrophage (a type of immune cell found near blood vessels), and a tumor cell that produces high levels of Mena, a protein that enhances a cancer cell's ability to spread.

In 2001 Jeffrey W. Pollard and his co-workers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine described mice that were genetically engineered to be susceptible to breast cancer tumors but that produced precancerous tissue that did not turn fully malignant unless it enlisted the assistance of macrophages.

The experiments, including studies conducted in a bioengineered 3 - D model of lung tissue seeded with relevant cells, showed that CHI3L1 regulates a pathway that recruits cells such as macrophages and fibroblasts that produce the scarring, or fibrosis.

During this critical period of interaction, lymphoid cells become «activated» and thereafter can develop into antibody - producing cells independently of native antigen, macrophages, and cell clusters.

By searching the scientific literature, Munn found that the macrophages» tryptophan - eating enzyme, called IDO or indoleamine 2,3 - dioxygenase, was also produced in large quantities by human placental tissue.

In recent years Lin's team devised a method to produce particles that are all between 20 and 40 nanometers in size (a nanometer is one - billionth of a meter), a range best able to elude macrophages.

Macrophages, as part of the inflammatory response, produce reactive oxygen species in order to attack bacteria.

On top of the T cell abnormalities, chronic GVHD involves antibody - producing B cells and scavenger cells called macrophages.

This relies on the ability of macrophages, types of white blood cell, to produce nitric oxide when they are exposed to cytokines.

Through studies conducted in mice, Oliver M. Steinmetz, MD (University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, in Germany) and his colleagues have shown that the messenger protein IL - 6, which is rapidly produced at high levels during an acute inflammatory form of kidney disease, potently dampens activation of tissue - destructive immune cells called macrophages.

Soon, macrophages had gathered in the lungs and started producing an enzyme that destroys elastin.

Humans respond to cold in two ways: we shiver to produce a quick burst of heat, and as Ajay Chawla at the University of California, San Francisco, recently discovered, immune signals get sent to molecules called macrophages.

By examining the importance of regulatory T cells in anti-inflammation we have found a potential therapeutic effect of IL - 10 producing intestinal macrophages for IBD patients.

Macrophage - activating factor produced by a T cell hybridoma: physiochemical and biosynthetic resemblance to gamma - interferon.

A paper from cardiologist Aloke Finn and colleagues (published Wednesday, Aug. 5 in Nature Communications) describes how the protein CD163, produced by macrophages, puts the brakes on muscle repair after ischemic injury in mice.

Drew Pardoll, Glenn Dranoff, Elizabeth Jaffee, Hyam Levitsky, and colleagues conduct preclinical studies showing that a vaccine composed of tumor cells irradiated and genetically modified to produce immune system growth factor GM - CSF (granulocyte - macrophage colony - stimulating factor)-- which would become known as the therapeutic cancer vaccine GVAX — could induce potent, specific, and long - lasting anti-tumor immunity in multiple mouse tumor models.

When they increased the concentration of PU.1, however, the cells quickly passed through a transitory mixed lineage state and produced new regulatory proteins that activated macrophage genes and repressed neutrophil genes.

When placed in a dish with soluble A-beta clusters, macrophages drawn from young mice responded calmly, producing recruiting chemicals and not ramping up production of inflammatory molecules.

In the tumor microenvironment, galectin 3 is produced and secreted by tumor cells, tumor - associated macrophages, and exhausted T cells.

Mesenchymal stem / stromal cells precondition lung monocytes / macrophages to produce tolerance against allo - and autoimmunity in the eye.

Macrophages can be found in many tissues, where they respond to metabolic cues and produce pro- and / or anti-inflammatory mediators to modulate metabolite programmes.

However in the case of HIV, macrophages are used by the virus, which efficiently infects them and makes them produce new virions.

Moreover, the idea that the brain was isolated from immune reactions was challenged long ago by insights about microglia cells, a type of macrophage which resides in the brain, engulfs antigens, and produces pro-inflammatory signaling molecules called cytokines.

According to studies published in International Immunopharmacology (1995), Aloe Vera polysaccharides contain some effective macrophages that produce huge volumes of nitric oxide, which has antitumor potential.

The immune system is made up of a team of different types of cells that, while each having their own specific function, work together to protect the body from foreign invaders: B - cells produce antibodies; T - cells conduct surveillance for potentially dangerous molecules and kills dangerous cells such as disease - causing bacteria; and macrophages are the scavenger cells of your body acting like garbage trucks, cleaning up residue and removing potentially dangerous substances.

These are anaplastic (undifferentiated cell, characteristic of malignant neoplasms) round cells that no longer resemble macrophages (white blood cells within tissues, produced by the division of monocytes) and display multiple criteria for malignancy.

Takano T, Azuma N, Satoh M, Toda A, Hashida Y, Satoh R, Hohdatsu T. 2009 Neutrophil survival factors (TNF - alpha, GM - CSF, and G - CSF) produced by macrophages in cats infected with feline infectious peritonitis virus contribute to the pathogenesis of granulomatous lesions.

Takano T, Hohdatsu T, Toda A, Tanabe M, Koyama H. 2007a TNF - alpha, produced by feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV)- infected macrophages, upregulates expression of type II FIPV receptor feline aminopeptidase N in feline macrophages.