The word
"macroprudential" refers to actions or policies that are designed to prevent or reduce risks to the overall financial system. It involves the regulation and supervision of institutions, such as banks, to ensure their stability and reduce the likelihood of widespread financial crises.
Full definition
Canada has deployed its share of
macroprudential policy, but the measures have been either tentative or reactionary.
The U.S. housing boom and subsequent bust might have been less severe had a set of
macroprudential measures been in place at the time to limit the degree of leverage and speculative activity in the housing sector.
When other countries saw the promise
of macroprudential policy, they set up stand - alone entities to apply it, leaving monetary authorities free to concentrate on economic growth and inflation.
Support for using
macroprudential tools in the United States has also been bolstered by our experience during the financial crisis.
That said, I do see pockets of increased risk - taking across the financial system, and an acceleration or broadening of these concerns could necessitate a more robust
macroprudential approach.
Some countries have
implemented macroprudential measures with respect to the housing market that may have limited the extent of home price appreciation and made their financial systems more resilient when the boom unwound.
Central banks should continue to normalize policy gradually and communicate clearly, while policymakers should address vulnerabilities by deploying and
developing macroprudential tools.
This logic suggests that it is very important to have a public sector body with both the power and the paramount responsibility to
use macroprudential tools to promote financial stability.
Even six rounds of
macroprudential rule tightening to restrict access to credit and prevent Canadians from becoming overleveraged has done little to temper the housing market.
Relying upon
further macroprudential policy tools to contain housing risks in a timely manner is set against the mixed success of such measures to date.
The best way to safeguard financial stability and improve the balance between economic and financial risk taking is to put in place policies that enhance the transmission of monetary policy to the real economy — thus promoting economic risk taking — and address financial excesses through well -
designed macroprudential measures.
There are
also macroprudential tools — regulatory measures that can be used to promote not just the safety of an individual financial institution, but also that of the entire financial system.
This is reflected in the increasing use of what are commonly known
as macroprudential policies.
Because according to a couple of Schembri's predecessors on the Governing Council, the lack of clarity about how Canada
applies macroprudential policy is hurting the central bank's efforts to fight off a recession.
Authorities could also, in principle,
adjust macroprudential tools to dampen financial cycles — tightening them when leverage is building up and risk taking is increasing, and easing those requirements when that cycle turns.
Thus, the hope is that U.S. policymakers can learn from these international experiences and incorporate
effective macroprudential tools into our toolkit that could be used to limit financial stability risks.
2See Macroprudential Policy: Case Study from a Tabletop Exercise, Tobias Adrian, Patrick de Foutnouvelle, Emily Yang, and Andrei Zlate, Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report No. 742, September 2015.
Better macroprudential oversight might have noticed how the sale of those assets was propping up the financial system on brittle pillars, and the selling of these products could have been curbed before disaster struck.
Realize the US government has been trying to suppress this natural tendency as part of
macroprudential repression, but eventually the mismatch between assets and liabilities on the Fed balance sheet will have to be reconciled.
This is because interest rate changes have their largest effect on inflation risk, while
stronger macroprudential settings will lead to a higher quality of household indebtedness over time.
Indeed, a combination of lower interest rates and more
stringent macroprudential policy would likely work to reduce both financial stability risks and the risk of an undershoot of inflation at the same time.
In Australia, we
see macroprudential policy as part and parcel of the financial stability framework.
APRA introduced its first set of
macroprudential reforms late in 2014 when it introduced speed limits on the banks» investor loan books by capping growth at 10 per cent per annum.
The Financial Repression Authority (FRA) educates investors, funds and retirees on the adverse risks resulting from good -
intentioned macroprudential central bank and government policies and regulations focused on controlling excessive government debt, attempting to stimulate economic growth, and minimizing the potential for financial and economic crises.
See Hoenig, «The Long - Run Imperatives of Monetary Policy and
Macroprudential Supervision,» Cato Journal (Spring / Summer 2017), p. 195.
«Nonetheless, participants generally agreed that the Committee should not completely rule out the possibility of using monetary policy to address financial stability risks, particularly in circumstances in which such risks significantly threatened the achievement of its dual mandate and
when macroprudential tools had been or were likely to be ineffective at mitigating those risks.»
«Our view is that these so -
called macroprudential policies are best placed to deal with threats to financial stability because they can be designed to target specific financial vulnerabilities,» Poloz said, according to a text of his speech released in Ottawa.
Despite the IMF's optimism, I assume it nearly takes an act of god to increase property taxes so property taxes don't make a
great macroprudential measure.
If we accept that properly
implemented macroprudential policies can help to effectively combat financial vulnerabilities by strengthening resilience in the financial system and reducing systemic risk, this supports the view that authorities should look to these policies first when imbalances arise, before turning to monetary policy.
The rate hike has arrived at a critical time for the banks with many speculating that the chief banking regulator the Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority is about to introduce a new series of
macroprudential measures designed to slow the property market.
Even six rounds of
macroprudential rule tightening to restrict access to credit and prevent Canadians from becoming overleveraged has done little to temper the housing market.
Central banks should continue to normalize policy gradually and communicate clearly, while policymakers should address vulnerabilities by deploying and
developing macroprudential tools.
Phrases with «macroprudential»