Sentences with phrase «magnitude smaller»

Nevertheless, these intermediary fees are expected to be an order of magnitude smaller than simply paying for an on - chain transaction.

The number of liquid drops is many orders of magnitude smaller than the number of gas molecules that have condensed into those drops.

Locally — in heavily urban environments for instance — this can be an issue, but on a global basis it is about 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the warming effect of increasing CO2 (1.7 W / m2).

The numbers that Curry discusses are around 0.6 Sv years, over a 30 year period — a volume flux around two orders of magnitude smaller.

The bicentennial trend lines clearly diverge from the past 30 or 50 or hundred years, and the most closely fitting explanation for this behavior is anthropogenic causes shifting the trends leaving only a shadow of natural variability superimposed on the sharp centennial scale rise, at about an order of magnitude smaller amplitude than the changes associated with GHGs and dampened by man - made aerosols.

Studies that have looked at hemispheric and global scales conclude that any urban - related trend is an order of magnitude smaller than decadal and longer time - scale trends evident in the series (e.g., Jones et al., 1990; Peterson et al., 1999).

Aerodnamic drag is likewise 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the lift force so the computational challenges are similar.

The problem is that the imbalance is nearly an order of magnitude smaller at 0.5 W / m2.

The energy use reductions for higher - income households are small, and the net present value of savings is an order of magnitude smaller than the increase in home prices, even if we assume a high marginal price of electricity.

The solar variations are more than an order of magnitude smaller than the greenhouse forcing.

«model - derived sensitivity is too large and feedbacks in the climate system reduce it to values that are an order of magnitude smaller.»

(NSIDC BIST) While I'm sure that there are some interesting and subtle things that could be said about this difference (please do), it is roughly an order of magnitude smaller.

• The cost of a general distribution system for methane is orders of magnitude smaller than for major electrical grids, so areas still developing their energy systems can invest in local grids powered by small, re-deployable gas generators using a much cheaper distribution system that can also provide direct gas for heating, cooking, and other such purposes.

Plugging a volcano does not sound easy or particularly safe, but the larger problem is that CO2 emissions from volcanoes are two orders of magnitude smaller the anthropogenic CO2 emissions, so the relevant comparison is the cost of plugging all the volcanoes in the world vs cutting human emissions by 1 %.

These convection cells are at least one order of magnitude smaller than the smallest computable grid cell (presently 1.1 degree or 120 km.

Another paper in Climate Change in 2007 stated: Studies that have looked at hemispheric and global scales conclude that any urban - related trend is an order of magnitude smaller than decadal and longer time - scale trends evident in the series (e.g., Jones et al., 1990; Peterson et al., 1999)... Thus, the global land warming trend discussed is very unlikely to be influenced significantly by increasing urbanization (Parker, 2006).

And in any case, given the amplitude and regularity of the dominant ~ 19.8 year cycle, the ~ sixty year cycle is about an order of magnitude smaller than the 19.8 year cycle.

In the 100 years from 1905 to 2005, the temperature trends produce by all three natural influences are at least an order of magnitude smaller than the observed surface temperature trend reported by IPCC [2007].

The core problem is that essential heat convective processes (Lindzen's adaptive iris) occur at scales at least an order of magnitude smaller than the smallest grid cells now computationally feasible.

about 2 orders of magnitude smaller.

The «Physical Science» report finds that negative feedbacks in the climate system reduce the model model derived temperature sensitivity to values an order of magnitude smaller.

This is an order of magnitude smaller than the likely warming induced by anthropogenic emissions over the same time period.

The extinction coefficient for absorption is also 5 or 6 orders of magnitude smaller than that for water vapor in the same wavelength range.

As the solar activity induced ΔT is one to two orders of magnitude smaller, any effects will be correspondingly smaller, and unobservable.

That error is about an order magnitude smaller than the error in F3 (AGW) so does not change the fundamental point I am making.

«Another recent paper used a different NOAA ocean surface temperature data set to find that since 2003 the global average ocean surface temperature has been rising at a rate that is an order of magnitude smaller than the rate of increase reported in Karl's paper.»

The volcanic flux is about 3 orders of magnitude smaller than that coming in from the surface.

Some large high severity fires occurred in these areas during the 1950s drought, and subsequent droughts, but the largest total areas burned in forests were an order of magnitude smaller than the largest fires today.

In my opinion, a possible global climate change - induced increase of a percent or two here or there in the number of tornadoes / hurricanes / * enter your favorite hazard here * is orders of magnitude smaller (in terms of a problem) in comparison to vulnerability issues.

In particular, nonphysicists are restricted to the «human scale» whilst physicists can mentally inhabit spaces the size of the universe and spaces many orders of magnitude smaller than atoms just as easily.

Second, the proposed future effects of rising temperatures on endemicity are at least one order of magnitude smaller than changes observed since about 1900 and up to two orders of magnitude smaller than those that can be achieved by the effective scale - up of key control measures.

Recall that annual uptake of carbon is about two orders of magnitude smaller than the total carbon amount stored in vegetation.

Quantitative analyses show that the risks associated with the expanded use of nuclear energy are orders of magnitude smaller than the risks associated with fossil fuels.

Money, spent by the teams, leagues, national and international organisers and their sponsors is the best way of pulling in bigger audiences to the ever growing sports — although eSports right now is orders of magnitude smaller in terms of fiscal power.

I checked the worst error that could be caused by persistent rounding and it was many orders of magnitude smaller than the discrepancy I was seeing.

These low - altitude images revealed small fault scarps that are orders of magnitude smaller than the larger scarps.

We use this sample to limit any azimuthal variations in the median metallicity within the ~ 45 degree - wide azimuthal region covered by the current sample to be < = 0.02 dex, which is more than an order of magnitude smaller than the radial metallicity gradient.

By convention light can be focussed to a spot no smaller than about a micron whereas nano structures by definition are three orders of magnitude smaller in scale.

Can tumors be detected when they are two to three orders of magnitude smaller than those currently detected with in vivo imaging modalities?

Steve: They are orders and orders of magnitude smaller than the smallest thing you can visualize with our best microscopic technology.

According to an ESA press release, it means they must be smaller than 10 - 48 metres, many orders of magnitude smaller than the Planck length of 10 - 35 metres, the universe's smallest length scale.

(The confined amounts of antimatter are many orders of magnitude smaller than that swiped from CERN by insidious plotters in Brown's Angels & Demons.)

The new skin can sense changes that are an order of magnitude smaller and have a responsivity that is two orders of magnitude larger than those of other electronic skins over a 45 - degree temperature range.

Fabricating a device that captures optical wavelengths in the same way will not be easy, as visible light has a wavelength orders of magnitude smaller than that of microwave radiation.

«A regular paper network has fibres 30 micrometres in diameter, here we are at a scale three orders of magnitude smaller,» says Berglund.

StimDust is about an order of magnitude smaller than any active device with similar capabilities that the research team is aware of.

In their paper, «Higgs Seesaw Mechanism as a Source for Dark Energy,» Krauss and Dent explore how a possible small coupling between the Higgs particle, and possible new particles likely to be associated with what is conventionally called the Grand Unified Scale — a scale perhaps 16 orders of magnitude smaller than the size of a proton, at which the three known non-gravitational forces in nature might converge into a single theory — could result in the existence of another background field in nature in addition to the Higgs field, which would contribute an energy density to empty space of precisely the correct scale to correspond to the observed energy density.

Now, galaxies are many orders of magnitude smaller than the universe and involve timescales much shorter than its age.

Producing a cloak to hide objects from visible light, which has a wavelength several orders of magnitude smaller than microwaves — let alone cloaking objects when viewed from any direction — seemed a more remote possibility.

But the USGS study notes that vertical coral accretion is an order of magnitude smaller than expected sea - level rise through 2100.