But in 2003 two papers noted that there are other ways to
make magnetite crystals, such as slamming a rock from space onto the Martian surface.
Not exact matches
But in order for today's magnetic intensity readings of the
magnetite to reveal the actual conditions of that era, the researchers needed to
make sure the
magnetite within the zircon remained pristine from the time of formation.
But on an atomic scale, it has remarkable properties: on
magnetite, single metal atoms are held in place, or they can be
made to move across the surface.
These temporarily magnetise the
magnetite particles, now attached to carboxylic molecules,
making them form long chains, joined at their «poles», which aggregate in clumps a millimetre or two across.
Mined to
make the first compass needles, the mineral
magnetite is also
made by migratory birds and other animals to allow them to sense north and south and thus navigate in cloudy or dark atmospheric conditions or under water.
Iron
makes for a stronger magnet, so the bacteria are very selective when they form their
magnetite compasses.