This is happening to thousands of Americans right now — and the toxic waste is coal ash, the by - product of burning coal for energy.Coal - fired power plants produce approximately 131 million tons of waste per year,
making coal combustion waste the second largest industrial waste stream in the U.S. Coal ash contains numerous hazardous chemicals, including arsenic, selenium, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, boron, thallium, and aluminum.
The comment, made during a Jan. 17 interview with the editorial board of The San Francisco Chronicle, essentially explains how the kind of cap and trade mechanism sought by both Mr. Obama and Senator John McCain (the latter at least in his platform, if not on the stump) would
make coal combustion ever more costly (unless the world finally gets serious about investing in large - scale testing and deployment of systems for capturing and burying carbon dioxide).
Not exact matches
Pretreating with thermal depolymerization also
makes coal more friable, so less energy is needed to crush it before
combustion in electricity - generating plants.
And if you didn't do that with the refrigerator you would have do that with the
coal plant or
combustion turbine running up and down, and doing that
makes that unit run much more inefficiently.
Another study, published last year in Reviews of Geophysics, lists the man -
made aerosols as coming from sulfates, nitrate and black carbon emitted by internal
combustion engines,
coal - fired power plants, slash - and - burn agricultural practices, and smoke from cooking.
The Northwestern development could lead to new thermoelectric devices with potential applications in the automobile industry, glass - and brick -
making factories, refineries,
coal - and gas - fired power plants, and places where large
combustion engines operate continuously (such as in large ships and tankers).
Of the
coal ash produced, less than.02 percent is recycled for agriculture production, Li said,
making it one of the least used byproducts of
coal combustion.
Raypierre
makes the case very clear in the current Chicago Int» l Law J. that closed system
combustion with oxygen can avoid much of the externalization of costs built into current plants; I imagine it can even contain the uranium and thorium fallout from
coal (which is worse than that from a properly operated fission plant).
You can get about 50 times the energy out of solar cells covering the same area as a bio-reactor tank that depends on photosynthesis, so I don't think the idea that fertilizing bio-fuels with the CO2 from
coal combustion makes sense.
And for those of you who want to insist that aerosols produced by the uncontrolled burning of
coal neutralized the effects of AGW from 1940 to 1979, please explain how the same argument could not be
made for the effects of
coal - induced aerosols during this earlier period, when no constraints on the polluting effects of
coal combustion were present at all.
So if the world moves toward a system for tracking emissions, who is responsible for a particular batch of carbon dioxide — the company that mined and sold the
coal, the power plant that burned it, the consumer who buys the exported widget
made with the electricity generated by that
combustion, or...?
What this means in plain English is, for example, that
making coal or crude oil
combustion more efficient could count as climate finance.
I am all for
making fossil fuels cleaner, and much work has already been done to
make various fossil fuel devices (
coal - fired power stations, internal
combustion engines, etc) emit less pollution like NOx, SOx, Hg, Pb, and particulates.
Fossil Fuel is a generic term that isn't quite correct Natural Gasoline is a distilled derivative of oil but almost all ofit is manufactured from cracked and recombined oil derivativeswhile natural gasoline is further refined intoPropane, butane, Proproline (a plastics feed stock), and Natural gasand also separates out sulfur (for fertilizer and explosives) Gasoline can be
made from
coal («Coaline») or from organic matter («Bio-fuel») but uses a few of oil based feed stocks instead tomake «Sythiline» (artificial gasoline) This gasoline is actually cleaner burning then natural gas with allit's «flare offs» (butane, propane, propoline, sulfur) used in theearly 19th century because it is manufactured only with essentialHydrocarbons Diesel fuel is also becoming more and more Manufactured instead ofdistilled as demand for it rises but improvements in Hydro cleaningis allowing for diesel with no volatile chemicals like sulfur andmercury (taken out for petro - chemical feedstock to
make fertilizerand thermometers) In both cases what you have is pure hydro - carbons, a carbon atomwith hydrogen atoms attached to it In the case of gasoline there is CH1, cH7, CH11 When in a
combustion engine the gasoline is sprayed into the pistonafter being mixed with air and the drive of the engine compressesthe the chamber filled with the gasoline mist until it's full downstoke then the spark plug causes the Exothermic reaction... which isthe conversion of the potential energy in the gasoline mist to heatand force, with the force side of that equation shooting the pistonupward and the top of the stroke kicking what's left of thecaramelized gasoline mist out into the Emission control box If the Emulsion control box wasn't there to filter out the burntgasoline particles, any potential additives and volatile chemicalsthen the caramelized gunk hitting air would create CARBON MONOXIDEin the cooler then the heat of the engine difference CARBON MONOXIDE can also become a problem if the Emissions controlBox filter, air filters or muffler filters is worn or damaged.
the Michigan Tech scientists focussed only on deaths from air pollution linked to
coal - burning power stations: they did not
make a calculation about the economic costs of chronic illness linked to polluted air, nor did they estimate the health costs that might be linked to the entire
coal industry, nor include the estimates of deaths that might be attributed to climate change as a consequence of prodigal fossil fuel
combustion.
Importantly, the Michigan Tech scientists focussed only on deaths from air pollution linked to
coal - burning power stations: they did not
make a calculation about the economic costs of chronic illness linked to polluted air, nor did they estimate the health costs that might be linked to the entire
coal industry, nor include the estimates of deaths that might be attributed to climate change as a consequence of prodigal fossil fuel
combustion.
«The only way this will be possible,» he said, «will be by upgrading almost all
combustion units, and the ultimate cost of the upgrades will
make coal noncompetitive with much - less - expensive natural gas — fired facilities.»
Furthermore, the December
coal ash spill in Tennessee
makes it clear that there is no adequate means of safely storing
coal combustion waste.
39 environmental groups have drafted a letter asking the Obama administration to «reject a pending federal rule that will
make it easier to dispose of
coal combustion waste from power plants in abandoned mines» and tighten rules regarding
coal ash disposal.
The
combustion of
coal in power generating plants is used to
make steam which, in turn, operates turbines and generators.