In the past, as PopSci previously reported, most ocean temperature data was taken by ships which pulled water into their engine rooms — rooms warmer than the ocean outside,
making ocean temperature recordings slightly higher.
Not exact matches
The main drivers of El Niño conditions,
ocean temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific, were as high as 3 °C above the average,
making this event one of the three most intense El Niños on
record.
This all - time monthly
record was broken in August 2015 (+0.78 °C / +1.40 °F), then broken again in September (+0.83 °C / +1.49 °F), and then broken once more in October (0.86 °C / 1.55 °F)--
making three all - time new monthly high global
ocean temperature records set in a single calendar year.
The important point the study
makes is that the onset of warming in the tropical
ocean in the 1830s is earlier than is typically assumed from the instrumental
record and from other proxy reconstructions that have focused mainly on Northern Hemisphere land
temperatures.
What we think of as the modern
temperature record is
made up of many thousands of measurements from the air above land and the
ocean surface, collected by ships, buoys and sometimes satellites, too.
-- The combined global land and
ocean average surface
temperature for the December — February period was 0.41 °C (0.74 °F) above the 20th century average of 12.1 °C (53.8 °F),
making it the 17th warmest such period on
record and the coolest December — February since 2008.
We often see «skeptics» suggest that the additional warming stored in the
ocean can't possibly come back to affect tropospheric
temperatures in any meaningful way, but the
record levels of energy being stored in the Indo Pacific Warm Pool has impacted and
made possible the
record tropospheric
temperatures Australia saw in 2013.
Mixing land and sea
temperatures together is a dubious exercise, especially since much of the SH
ocean temperatures have just been admittedly «
made up» by those in charge of the instrumental
record.
Previous large natural oscillations are important to examine: however, 1) our data isn't as good with regards to external forcings or to historical
temperatures,
making attribution more difficult, 2) to the extent that we have solar and volcanic data, and paleoclimate
temperature records, they are indeed fairly consistent with each other within their respective uncertainties, and 3) most mechanisms of internal variability would have different fingerprints: eg, shifting of warmth from the
oceans to the atmosphere (but we see warming in both), or simultaneous warming of the troposphere and stratosphere, or shifts in global
temperature associated with major
ocean current shifts which for the most part haven't been seen.
When it comes to Earth's warming climate,
record - breaking surface
temperatures make the headlines — but the full depths of the world's
oceans bear the brunt of the change.
Bova et al., 2016 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016GL071450/abstract «The observational
record of deep -
ocean variability is short, which
makes it difficult to attribute the recent rise in deep
ocean temperatures to anthropogenic forcing.
On the water,
ocean temperatures were 1.35 degrees Fahrenheit higher,
making it the warmest monthly
ocean temperature on
record.
Because
oceans are big and slow to change that
makes it more likely the world will set a yearly
temperature record, he said.
Last month's combined global land and
ocean surface
temperature made it the sixth warmest February ever
recorded.
... he also knows that urban heat island effects are corrected for in the surface
records, and he also knows that this doesn't effect
ocean temperatures, and that the station dropping out doesn't affect the trends at all (you can do the same analysis with only stations that remained and it
makes no difference).
Those concerns ultimately turned out to be unfounded, as earlier this week
ocean surface
temperatures in the canonical Niño 3.4 region reached 3C above average for the first time in
recorded history, validating dynamical model forecasts
made many months earlier.
An analysis of the 2014 global
temperature anomaly
record shows that the
record 2014 anomaly may not have been a global event at all caused by increased man
made greenhouse gases but a regional SST
record event in the North Pacific caused by unique
ocean / atmospheric interchange events that may happen from time to time.
Tree Rings, CO2 levels, local
temperature records from thermometers, sea shells,
ocean floor deposits, and a thousand other things, give us «data» which we then attempt to decipher and
make some sence out of.
4) If the
temperature of the whole globe is being dragged down by the aerosols direct effect but most of the globe (the majority of the
oceans, the polar regions, the deserts,...) is basically unaffected by this DE, it
makes sense to look at the instrumental
record to see the coolness in the affected industrialized regions that would compensate for the lack of aerosols on the rest of the globe.
The significant increase in
ocean surface
temperatures is likely to
make 2015 the warmest year ever to be
recorded.
Globally, average
ocean temperature was 0.99 °F above the 20th century average for September, according to NOAA stats —
making it the second warmest September for
ocean temperatures on
record, tying with 1997.
More on Global Climate Change: Canada Has Warmest (7.2 °F Above Normal) and Driest (22 % Below Normal) Winter on
Record Global
Ocean Temperatures Warmest Since
Records Began in 1880 NASA
Makes it Official: 2000 - 2009 Was Hottest Decade on
Record
Despite large year - to - year fluctuations associated with the El Niño - La Niña cycle of tropical
ocean temperature, the conclusion could be
made that global
temperature continued to rise rapidly in the 21st century, new
record heights being reached in every decade.