A male frog will get a female's attention by first calling out and puffing up his vocal sacs.
In more recent work, he reports the same effect in an adult
male frog of one species.
Other females may also choose to mate with
the male frog and deposit egg clutches in the bamboo.
A female white - spotted frog responds to the mating call by entering into the bamboo section to lay her eggs on the inner walls of the section, leaving after
the male frog has fertilised the eggs.
University of California, Berkeley, herpetologist Jim McGuire was slogging through the rain forests of Indonesia's Sulawesi Island one night this past summer when he grabbed what he thought was
a male frog and found himself juggling not only a frog but also dozens of slippery, newborn tadpoles.
Confronted with an antagonistic speaker,
a male frog will generally approach it, and occasionally hop on top.
In this beautifully illustrated story, two
male frogs in a committed loving relationship discover a path to creating more love in their lives through adoption, while also coming to the aid of two young frogs in need of new parents.
A concert of croaking
male frogs is a fierce singing contest, and he who has the sexiest voice gets to mate the most.
One of the mostly widely used weed killers, atrazine, may be disrupting
male frogs» sexual development — even reversing it
The most heavily used herbicide in the United States, atrazine, makes hermaphrodites of
male frogs at concentrations commonly found in the environment, according to a study published in the 16 April issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Hayes says that's still enough to turn
some male frogs into females.
He did so by dressing
male frogs «in tiny pairs of waxed taffeta trousers,» then mating them with females.
In
male frogs, it makes their voice boxes grow and their vocal sacs develop.
«It was obvious that they were adult
male frogs, as they were calling to attract a mate,» says Austin.
Hunting bats don't just listen out for
male frogs» mating calls: they can also use echolocation to detect when the frogs inflate their throat sacs
Most
male frogs fertilize eggs after the female lays them.
Mr Seshadri observed that adult
male frogs enter hollow internodes of the flute bamboo Ochlandra travancorica where they vocalise to attract mates.
The researchers found that
male frogs that have found suitable spots for spawning in sections of the reed bamboo will call out for female mates using the vocal sacs in their throats.
A study led by PhD candidate Mr K. S. Seshadri from the Department of Biological Sciences at the National University of Singapore's Faculty of Science has revealed that male white - spotted bush frogs (Raochestes chalazodes) dedicatedly guard their fertilised eggs from other cannibalistic
male frogs and predators.
At least one species of bat is known to use echolocation to pick up on the ripples created in the pond by
the male frogs inflating and deflating their vocal sacs while calling.
In 2002, Hayes and his colleagues showed that developing
male frogs exhibited female characteristics after exposure to atrazine.
Exposure to less than one part per billion of the most commonly used herbicide in the U.S. can feminize
male frogs, according to a new study.
Some experts have traced estrogen - like chemicals to increased rates of human breast cancer, and there is even more evidence that they endanger animals by feminizing the sex organs of
male frogs and fish living downstream from sewage treatment plants.
Since 2002, Hayes has documented abnormalities in the reproductive systems of
male frogs exposed to the chemical.
At common environmental concentrations, the popular weed killer atrazine strips
male frogs of a key hormone and turns some of them into hermaphrodites, according to new research.
When a song is broadcast via loudspeaker,
male frogs will reply.
The test also works on
male frogs, which produce sperm in response to the injection.
It might even cause
male frogs to adopt some female traits.
According to one study, the pesticide atrazine can turn
male frogs female.
One study showed that when
male frogs were exposed to BPA, they were turned into females!
Some current examples:
male frogs now carry eggs, whales have flame retardants in their bodies, and some fish are almost too contaminated with mercury to safely eat.
Not exact matches
The weather forecast for the British Isles this week: cloudy, moderate winds, severe hail, lightning, blood,
frogs and first - born
male children... More
In some species of
frogs, the
males carry tadpoles in their mouths until they are able to survive independently.
Cold - adapted Wood
Frogs can survive Alaskan winters, breed in icy water, and
males wrestle in order to get to females!
From
male pipefish pregnancies to single - father
frogs, evolution has produced some truly doting dads — and made the job surprisingly rewarding
The song of the túngara
frog creates ripples in the surrounding water, which attracts unwanted attention from predatory bats and rival
males.
To understand what was going on, Lardner and Maklarin installed a plastic pipe in the forest, filled it halfway with water, and added a
male tree hole
frog.
Björn Lardner of the Field Museum in Chicago and Maklarin bin Lakim of Sabah Parks, a state park agency in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, spent more than 100 nights in the Bornean rainforest, locating calling
males of the tree hole
frog (Metaphrynella sundana).
Like crickets, cicadas and
frogs,
male corvina produce a thumping love song that likely acts as a come - hither signal for females.
If you thought estate agents knew how to sell a house, take a look at
male Emei music
frogs.
But in species where
males have a greater role in rearing young than females — such as seahorses and certain
frogs and birds — it's the females that are more likely to compete violently with each other.
If a female túngara
frog doesn't fancy the call of a singing
male, she moves on to another suitor or may give him a body slam.
Strogatz and Kevin O'Keeffe, Ph.D.» 17, used the curious mating ritual of
male Japanese tree
frogs as inspiration for their exploration of «swarmalators» — their term for systems in which both synchronization and swarming occur together.
It is the only land vertebrate where the
male becomes pregnant, carrying and brooding tadpoles inside its vocal sac until they metamorphose and are spat out as baby
frogs.
So scientists have been puzzled that
males of many species, including fish and
frogs, send mating signals that a female has trouble perceiving.
Their most poignant find was this dead female harlequin
frog splayed in the shallow waters with a
male trying to mate with her.
In
male adult
frogs exposed to 25 ppb of atrazine, testosterone levels dropped 10-fold, to levels found in females.
«At the top, there is a «master gene» that decides whether a
frog becomes a
male or a female,» says Stöck.
There were also
males with shrunken larynxes, a crippling handicap for a
frog intent on mating.
In the attempt to choose a mate, it's no surprise that females will select the more «attractive» of two
males, but now a new study reveals that female túngara
frogs are susceptible to the «decoy» effect, where the introduction of a third, inferior mate results in the female choosing the less attractive of the first two options.