To study these pathways, we use a range of in vitro and in vivo approaches, including
manipulating genes in mice and leveraging genome - wide analyses and chemical biology.
Not exact matches
By directly
manipulating a portion of the prion protein - coding
gene, Whitehead Institute researchers have created
mouse models of two neurodegenerative diseases that are fatal
in humans.
The team
manipulated the genome of
mice such that they could initiate neuron death
in the hippocampus by turning on specific
genes.
Many universities and pharmaceutical companies are engaged
in research and development using genetically modified
mice that have certain
genes manipulated to reproduce human diseases.
There is also the fact that Kono and Kawahara had to
manipulate two
genes to create their bi-maternal
mice — so the differences
in lifespan might be due to this genetic manipulation, rather than the absence of paternally imprinted
genes.
For example, they succeeded
in inserting a
gene into a predefined position
in the genome (knock -
in)
in more than 60 per cent of all
manipulated mouse cells.
Studies
in typical model animals —
mice — are rarely illuminating, because the rodents often still behave normally when researchers
manipulate genes that should cause these disorders.
By
manipulating the same
genes, Zuo and his colleagues induced supporting cells located
in the inner ear of adult
mice to take on the appearance of immature hair cells and to begin producing some of the signature proteins of hair cells.
It would be great if we could just go
in and quickly
manipulate individual
mouse genes and study their function
in health and disease, but, until recently, it just wasn't that easy.
Greenberg, an investigator
in the Clinical Research Division, and colleagues conducted a pair of experiments by
manipulating gene expression directly
in the epithelial compartment of the
mouse prostate gland to better understand the role of IGF - 1R.
However, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, led by Dr. George Cotsarelis, have regenerated follicles
in mice by
manipulating a
gene called Wnt.
By
manipulating a specific
gene in a
mouse blastocyst — the structure that develops from a fertilized egg but is not yet an actual embryo — scientists with the University of Florida's McKnight Brain Institute and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute caused cells destined to build an embryo to instead change direction and build the cell mass that leads to the placenta.
has a simple nervous system and can be genetically
manipulated quickly, the authors were able to screen dozens of
genes — many more than were practical
in previous studies using
mice.
Because C. elegans has a simple nervous system and can be genetically
manipulated quickly, the authors were able to screen dozens of
genes — many more than were practical
in previous studies using
mice.
The reason for this response, Gordon says, was twofold: Firmicutes bacteria transplanted from the fat
mice produced more of the enzymes that helped the animals extract more energy from their food, and the bacteria also
manipulated the
genes of the normal
mice in ways that triggered the storage of fat rather than its breakdown for energy.
This
gene is also present
in mammals and has been artificially
manipulated in mice to create extra vertebrae.