Sentences with phrase «many animal groups»

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FF, I agree that the extinction theory is pretty far out, but as I'm looking at the situation from a purely biological stand point, if we were to translate this same behavior to most other animal groups, same sex proliferation could be a threat to their survival.

Thus, at the lowest level, electrons tend to unite and converge in the atom; atoms converge by molecularization, crystallization; molecules unite by polymerization; cells unite by conjugation, reproduction, association; nerve ganglions concentrate and localize to form a brain by what might be called a process of cephalization; the higher animal groups form colonies, hives, herds, societies, etc.; man socializes and forms civilizations as foci of attraction and organization.

The bottom layer is the soil, an insect layer on the plants, a bird and rodent layer on the insects, and so on up through various animal groups to the apex layer, which consists of the larger carnivores.

We can be absolutely certain that the Academy will not say, «The evidence on the whole supports the theory of evolution, although we concede that the apparent abrupt appearance of many fully formed animal groups in the Cambrian rocks is in itself a point in favor of the creationists.»

Some readers may wonder why the scientists won't admit that there are mysteries beyond our comprehension, and that one of them may be how those complex animal groups could have evolved directly from preexisting bacteria and algae without leaving any evidence of the transition.

If God created the first organism, then how do we know he didn't do the same thing to produce all those animal groups that appear so suddenly in the Cambrian rocks?

And on what is, in a sense, a higher level still we have the disquieting example of such animal groups as termites, ants and bees, our ancestors in the Tree of Life, which, afflicted by an evil of which we seem to perceive the symptoms in ourselves, have lapsed into a state of social enslavement — the very fate towards which an implacable destiny seems to be impelling us.

Most species of the mentioned animal groups in Table 4 are beneficial organisms and enforce ecological services.

Despite support from Ms. Mark - Viverito, there seemed to be little political will from the City Council at large, where many members benefit from the endorsements of unions and where some grew deeply frustrated with calls and ads from animal groups, to pass a ban.

Single modules of the brains, for example, are wired in a similar way, and both animal groups have a prefrontal brain structure that controls similar executive functions.

This hypothesis is supported by studies of comparative morphological and functional anatomy, which are based on the recognition of structural similarities between the basic body plans of the various animal groups.

When the more powerful models are applied to these datasets, one finds that the sponges are indeed the earliest diverging animal group,» he says.

Their conclusion: on the whole, the brains of both animal groups have indeed very different structures.

However, while rangeomorphs were highly suited to their Ediacaran environment, conditions in the oceans continued to change and from about 541 million years ago the «Cambrian Explosion» began — a period of rapid evolutionary development when most major animal groups first appeared in the fossil record.

The first undisputed fossils of animals appear only 580 million years ago, but genetic evidence indicates that basic animal groups originated as far back as 700 million to 800 million years ago.

But none of the attempts to classify it to an animal group over the last half century had stuck.

Melanin is also found in the eyes of many animal groups where it stops light from bouncing around inside the eyeball and allows the formation of a clear visual image.»

Indeed, the «Cambrian explosion» — the burst of evolution about 540 million years ago that included the birth of most of the major animal groups we know today — was enabled by oxygen deprivation, the researchers say.

Until now, it has been assumed that this was the original form of the metabolism — i.e. that the shared ancestor of both animal groups was cold - blooded.

«The Base in not well surveyed for most animal groups and given its location on Cuba, the extent of rare habitat, [and] the number of rare plants, there are bound to be many more discoveries to be made and we are promoting it to other biologists as a research destination,» Droege says.

«These prints are pushing back the oldest representatives of animal groups.»

The animal, called Chengjiangocaris kunmingensis, lived during the Cambrian «explosion», a period of rapid evolutionary development about half a billion years ago when most major animal groups first appear in the fossil record.

Dr. Martin Dohrmann and Professor Gert Wörheide of the Division of Palaeontology and Geobiology in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Ludwig - Maximilians - Universitaet (LMU) in Munich have now used a new strategy based on the so - called molecular - clock to investigate the chronology of early animal evolution and produce a new estimate for the ages of the oldest animal groups.

The beetles boast more species than any other plant or animal group — 330,000 in their order, Coleoptera.

For the study, the researchers used an unusually large dataset made up of the sequences of 128 proteins from 55 species, including representatives of all the major animal groups, focusing in particular on those that diverged very early.

Massive ice sheets grew across the Antarctic continent, major animal groups shifted, and ocean temperatures decreased by as much as 5 degrees.

But once the ants and termites jumped the high barrier that prevents the vast variety of evolving animal groups from becoming fully social, they dominated the world.

The specific forms of each coccolith most likely evolved under pressure from zooplankton, the microscopic animal group a notch up the food chain that developed mandibles, claws, and other accoutrements for getting past the hard calcite coccoliths.

This is the world of about 530 million years ago in the midst of the Cambrian explosion, a geological eye - blink about 5 million years long that saw the evolution of most of the major animal groups.

Moreover, venom research has mostly neglected ancient animal groups in favor of focusing on venomous snakes and cone snails, which are both «young» animal groups that originated only recently in evolutionary timescales, approximately 50 million years ago.

However, it and other animal groups were less happy with other aspects of the changed directive, especially moves to allow the reuse of animals and the use of nonhuman primates in experiments not directly linked to life - threatening or debilitating diseases.

Such changes in populations of certain animal groups can upset the balance of food webs.

And, remarkably, this so - called «convergent» evolution happened at least eight times across three different phyla, or animal groups, supporting the belief that necessity played a larger role than chance in developing this trait.

«I think the paper convincingly shows that animal groups can show both collective intelligence and cumulative culture,» says Harvard University animal behaviorist Albert Kao, who was not affiliated with the study.

It is widely recognised that amphibians are among the most threatened animal groups: for example, in 2008, 32 % of species were listed as «threatened or extinct» and 42 % were listed as in decline.

For centuries, scientists and non-scientists alike have been fascinated by the beautiful and often complex collective behaviour of animal groups, such as the highly synchronised movements of flocks of birds and schools of fish.

The study found that 8,600 families of genes are shared across deuterostomes, a large animal grouping that includes a variety of organisms, ranging from acorn worms to star fishes, from frogs to dogs, to humans.

During the Cambrian Explosion, a period of rapid evolutionary innovation about 500 million years ago when most major animal groups emerge in the fossil record, arthropods with hard exoskeletons and jointed limbs first started to appear.

From them we can understand more about how human language evolved and social organisation in animal groups,» said Dr Stowell.

«Mothers» appetites can keep size of wild animal groups in check.»

The researchers will now focus on determining how widespread this hormone is in other animal groups related to the worms, such as snails or mussels, to get further insight into its role in the animal kingdom.

«MF and related substances had previously been thought to have evolved only in insects and related animal groups.

For his postdoc, Guttal moved to the laboratory of Iain Couzin in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Princeton University to study self - organized movement in animal groups, returning to the interest that had drawn him to research years before.

«Fossils from classic areas in North America and Europe have been studied for over a century, but there are long - standing questions about how different animal groups dispersed to other areas that we can't answer using just those fossils,» said Angielczyk.

Lamprologus is a cichlid, one of the most diverse animal groups in existence, despite being mostly confined to three large lakes in Africa.

Rapid reversals of Earth's magnetic field 550 million years ago destroyed a large part of the ozone layer and let in a flood of ultraviolet radiation, devastating the unusual creatures of the so - called Ediacaran Period and triggering an evolutionary flight from light that led to the Cambrian explosion of animal groups.

Ironmonger lists 130 other safari parks, aquaria, bird gardens and so on, as well as the 31 described at length; he has sections on the different animal groups kept in zoos and — extremely useful — a chart showing where all of the 350 different mammalian species and subspecies in British zoos are to be found.

It may be that researchers were trying to find simple explanations for phenomena that, in nature, have lots of different functions in different animal groups.

«The strengths of our study are that we have confirmed these results in a completely different animal group, and that our data comes from wild populations,» she concludes.