Sentences with phrase «many different antigens»

Each receptor in the repertoire is capable of recognizing a different antigen and rallying the immune response to address that threat.

Different T cells are geared to respond to different antigens, and before a T cell can go into action it must encounter its specific antigen in the grip of a Class II MHC molecule.

While the 3D injectable scaffold is being tested in mice as a potential cancer vaccine, any combination of different antigens and drugs could be loaded into the scaffold, meaning it could also be used to treat infectious diseases that may be resistant to conventional treatments.

The types of tumor that can be particularly responsive to immunotherapy generally happen in older people, or people who have genetic factors that allow their tumors to acquire a lot of mutations — so that the tumor has a lot of different antigens that are recognized by the immunotherapy.

The specificity profile for each antibody is determined based on the interaction with 384 different antigens including its own target.

At that time, she says, she «found it fascinating that the immune system can actually recognize an enormous, almost unlimited pool of different antigens,» which are signature proteins or carbohydrates the immune system recognizes as signals of infectious diseases, damaged cells, or cancer.

However, no - one really understood how a set of rather identical looking antibodies could recognise thousands or even millions of different antigens.

This strategy is a broadly applicable model that may, if it proves to be effective, be adapted to many different antigens and employed in a variety of different cancers, notes Dr. Odunsi, who is also Professor of Gynecology & Obstetrics in the University at Buffalo's Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences.

The body makes different immunoglobulins to combat different antigens.

A small blood sample is sent to a local lab overnight — White blood cells are extracted and exposed to different antigens.

Flea saliva can carry more than 15 different antigens and each one of these antigens has the potential to cause an allergic reaction in your dog.

Each antibody is responsible for a different antigen, so some might be responsible for distemper, some for parvovirus, etc..

Not exact matches

Two different types of dendritic cells in the immune system present antigen in different ways to elicit distinct immune responses.

Different classes of MHC molecules exist and are involved in immunity against pathogens and tumor cells as well as the formation of immune tolerance to self - antigens.

Now, a team of scientists at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have developed the Just EGFP Death - Inducing T - cell, or JEDI T - cells, which enable the visualization of T - cell antigens, allowing researchers to study T - cell interactions with different cell types, model disease states, and finally determine the functions of otherwise poorly characterized cell populations.

Other antigen - based tests use different technologies that are likely to detect Ebola early in its course.

A similar idea involves injecting cancer patients with strains of different bacteria that have been genetically modified to present antigens found on pancreatic cancer cells.

MHC I & II molecules then bind the antigen and present it to different arms of the adaptive immune system, potentially mobilizing T cells, B cells and natural killer (NK) cells.

The CNIC research team generated cytotoxic memory T cells specifically targeting cancer by using different methods for vaccination with tumor antigens.

To overcome these limitations, we used two - color flow cytometry to identify and select microvascular endothelial cells from primary cultures obtained from different organs of mice whose tissues harbor a temperature - sensitive SV40 large T antigen (H - 2Kb - tsA58 mice; ImmortoMice).

The immune responses will be evaluated in the different species by measuring influenza antigen - specific IgG / IgA and IgM, neutralising antibodies and antibodies inhibiting hemagglutination and antigen specific lymphocyte responses and cytokine secretion profiles by advanced flow cytometry.

The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.

*** It is directed against the 5T4 / WAIF1 tumour antigen, a protein found on many different solid tumours and is thought to contribute to the spread of cancer cells.

This service will allow users to improve the compatibility and stability of their vaccine antigen with different mucosal adjuvants (from the HZI portfolio) and to define the optimal production methods to generate immunogenic vaccine candidates with optimised physicochemical stability (in vitro studies).

This will include testing the mechanism of action of different adjuvant and antigen formulations by measuring B - and T - cell responses and by using various functional assays (ELISA, FACS, cytokine profiles), transcriptomics and / or proteomics.

Firstly, it will develop optimised viral vectors suitable for expressing antigens from a range of different diseases, to create novel vaccines.

The HZI will develop a vaccination protocol for mucosal administration based on three novel strategies: (i) development and optimization of a vaccination protocol in which parenterally - primed T and B cells are subsequently pulled into the mucosa by the local delivery of the cognate antigen to the requested effector site, (ii) testing the co-administration of antigens with novel mucosal adjuvants using different mucosal immunisation routes and schedules, and (iii) testing various nanoparticles co-administered with different immunomodulators for their ability to generate both systemic and mucosal immune responses following transcutaneous / trans - follicular vaccination.

Retargeting of T cells to prostate stem cell antigen expressing tumor cells: comparison of different antibody formats.

Immunohistochemical demonstration of Cyclin D1 have become an important mean for assessing cell proliferation, therefore the immunohistological demonstration of cell cycle related antigens such as CDKs which regulated by the different cyclins could provide a good tool for assessment of cellular proliferation [11].

They differentiate and become active in different tissues to take up and process the antigen.

The composition of the 10 different polysaccharide biosynthesis gene clusters identified (7 with associated invertible promoters) suggests a mechanism of synthesis similar to the O - antigen capsules of Escherichia coli.

Longitudinal antibody responses targeting five different B. burgdorferi antigens (OspA, OspC, DbpA, OppA - 2 and the C6 peptide [39]-RRB- were measured by a recently - described Luminex ® - based assay [40].

Mice were intravenously injected with 100 ug each of lethal factor and protective antigen and then 48 hr later we examined the numbers of ILC3s in different tissues as well as the capacity of these ILCs to produce IL - 22 or GM - CSF ex vivo.

Because different tissue antigens are targeted in different diseases, and some conditions target a diverse array of autoantigens, it is challenging to develop biomarkers of tolerance.

The department has developed and produced 15 different formulations for early clinical trials (e.g. vaccine antigens produced by heterologous expression) and has conducted more than 20 clinical trials as sponsor.

In the experiments described in the paper, the MGH team confirmed that their mesothelin - targeting fusion protein binds to mesothelin on either ovarian cancer or mesothelioma cells, activates dendritic cells, and enhances the cells» processing and presentation of several different tumor antigens, inducing a number of T - cell - based immune responses.

By using this system, a variety of antigens, of different origin and size, have been expressed on the surface of S. gordonii.

Scenario b): Data on expression level, and integrity of the different variants, Recognition by user - supplied antigen - specific mAbs / or sera, IMAC - purified proteins in the µg - range (in case of successful expression).

The service «Expression of vaccine antigens in plant - based systems» can be requested as a standalone service, or in the context of the «Cross-platform screening and optimization service» which enabled the user to have vaccine antigens expressed in several different platforms with the aim to compare yields, integrity and (if possible) functionality of the protein when produced in different systems.

In addition, because ZVex product candidates have the potential to carry the genetic material of different tumor antigens, as well as immunostimulatory molecules, we can design them to target multiple types of cancers.

Scenario c): Data on expression level, and integrity of the different variants, Recognition by user - supplied antigen - specific mAbs / or sera, IMAC - purified proteins in the mg - range (in case of successful expression).

Since each antigen has a different shape, it requires a different antibody to attach to it.

The O - antigen is one of the most diverse bacterial cell constituents and variation not only exists between different bacterial species, but also between individual isolates / strains within a single species.

The body may be resistant to the vaccine if the antigens are markedly different from the tumor or if the immune system of the patient has been severely weakened through other treatments, such as chemotherapy.

The different letters associated with different blood types represent different types of antigen found in your blood.

Of course, different highly functioning stool — highly specialized stool tests that maybe look at DNA or stool antigens of various infections like parasites, bacteria, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, fungal overgrowth.

Clinical Background Tolerance is the normal immune response to the food an individual eats over a lifetime.1 A food allergy is an abnormal immune reaction consisting of hypersensitivity to food components, most commonly proteins.2, 3 Allergic reactions to dietary antigens can be immediate or delayed and the rate and types of reaction indicate different immune responses.

Alpha Herpesviruses such as FHV - 1 cause disease by two distinctly different mechanisms: 1) cytolytic (cell - rupturing) disease which involves active viral replication and destroys the epithelial cells of the cornea and conjunctiva causing ulceration; and, 2) immune - mediated disease results from the deposition of viral antigen in subepithelial tissues.

There are a number of different heartworm antigen tests, so it is best to confirm using a different test than the one that gave the initial positive result.

Based on the blood typing system used in the United States, dogs are divided into eight different blood types depending upon the antigens present on their red blood cells.